refactor(skill-editor): adopt 4-generic StateCreator pattern for type-safe cross-slice access

Use explicit StateCreator<FullStore, [], [], SliceType> pattern instead of
StateCreator<SliceType> for all skill-editor slices. This enables:
- Type-safe cross-slice state access via get()
- Explicit type contracts instead of relying on spread args behavior
- Better maintainability following Lobe-chat's proven pattern

Extract all type definitions to types.ts to avoid circular dependencies.

.agent/skills

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../.claude/skills

.claude/settings.json

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+{
+  "enabledPlugins": {
+    "feature-dev@claude-plugins-official": true,
+    "context7@claude-plugins-official": true,
+    "typescript-lsp@claude-plugins-official": true,
+    "pyright-lsp@claude-plugins-official": true,
+    "ralph-loop@claude-plugins-official": true
+  },
+  "hooks": {
+    "PreToolUse": [
+      {
+        "matcher": "Bash",
+        "hooks": [
+          {
+            "type": "command",
+            "command": "npx -y block-no-verify@1.1.1"
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}

.claude/settings.json.example

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "permissions": {
-      "allow": [],
-      "deny": []
-    },
-    "env": {
-      "__comment": "Environment variables for MCP servers. Override in .claude/settings.local.json with actual values.",
-      "GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN": "ghp_xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
-    },
-    "enabledMcpjsonServers": [
-      "context7",
-      "sequential-thinking",
-      "github",
-      "fetch",
-      "playwright",
-      "ide"
-    ],
-    "enableAllProjectMcpServers": true
-  }

.claude/skills/component-refactoring/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+---
+name: component-refactoring
+description: Refactor high-complexity React components in Dify frontend. Use when `pnpm analyze-component --json` shows complexity > 50 or lineCount > 300, when the user asks for code splitting, hook extraction, or complexity reduction, or when `pnpm analyze-component` warns to refactor before testing; avoid for simple/well-structured components, third-party wrappers, or when the user explicitly wants testing without refactoring.
+---
+
+# Dify Component Refactoring Skill
+
+Refactor high-complexity React components in the Dify frontend codebase with the patterns and workflow below.
+
+> **Complexity Threshold**: Components with complexity > 50 (measured by `pnpm analyze-component`) should be refactored before testing.
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+### Commands (run from `web/`)
+
+Use paths relative to `web/` (e.g., `app/components/...`).
+Use `refactor-component` for refactoring prompts and `analyze-component` for testing prompts and metrics.
+
+```bash
+cd web
+
+# Generate refactoring prompt
+pnpm refactor-component <path>
+
+# Output refactoring analysis as JSON
+pnpm refactor-component <path> --json
+
+# Generate testing prompt (after refactoring)
+pnpm analyze-component <path>
+
+# Output testing analysis as JSON
+pnpm analyze-component <path> --json
+```
+
+### Complexity Analysis
+
+```bash
+# Analyze component complexity
+pnpm analyze-component <path> --json
+
+# Key metrics to check:
+# - complexity: normalized score 0-100 (target < 50)
+# - maxComplexity: highest single function complexity
+# - lineCount: total lines (target < 300)
+```
+
+### Complexity Score Interpretation
+
+| Score | Level | Action |
+|-------|-------|--------|
+| 0-25 | 🟢 Simple | Ready for testing |
+| 26-50 | 🟡 Medium | Consider minor refactoring |
+| 51-75 | 🟠 Complex | **Refactor before testing** |
+| 76-100 | 🔴 Very Complex | **Must refactor** |
+
+## Core Refactoring Patterns
+
+### Pattern 1: Extract Custom Hooks
+
+**When**: Component has complex state management, multiple `useState`/`useEffect`, or business logic mixed with UI.
+
+**Dify Convention**: Place hooks in a `hooks/` subdirectory or alongside the component as `use-<feature>.ts`.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Complex state logic in component
+const Configuration: FC = () => {
+  const [modelConfig, setModelConfig] = useState<ModelConfig>(...)
+  const [datasetConfigs, setDatasetConfigs] = useState<DatasetConfigs>(...)
+  const [completionParams, setCompletionParams] = useState<FormValue>({})
+  
+  // 50+ lines of state management logic...
+  
+  return <div>...</div>
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Extract to custom hook
+// hooks/use-model-config.ts
+export const useModelConfig = (appId: string) => {
+  const [modelConfig, setModelConfig] = useState<ModelConfig>(...)
+  const [completionParams, setCompletionParams] = useState<FormValue>({})
+  
+  // Related state management logic here
+  
+  return { modelConfig, setModelConfig, completionParams, setCompletionParams }
+}
+
+// Component becomes cleaner
+const Configuration: FC = () => {
+  const { modelConfig, setModelConfig } = useModelConfig(appId)
+  return <div>...</div>
+}
+```
+
+**Dify Examples**:
+- `web/app/components/app/configuration/hooks/use-advanced-prompt-config.ts`
+- `web/app/components/app/configuration/debug/hooks.tsx`
+- `web/app/components/workflow/hooks/use-workflow.ts`
+
+### Pattern 2: Extract Sub-Components
+
+**When**: Single component has multiple UI sections, conditional rendering blocks, or repeated patterns.
+
+**Dify Convention**: Place sub-components in subdirectories or as separate files in the same directory.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Monolithic JSX with multiple sections
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {/* 100 lines of header UI */}
+      {/* 100 lines of operations UI */}
+      {/* 100 lines of modals */}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Split into focused components
+// app-info/
+//   ├── index.tsx           (orchestration only)
+//   ├── app-header.tsx      (header UI)
+//   ├── app-operations.tsx  (operations UI)
+//   └── app-modals.tsx      (modal management)
+
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  const { showModal, setShowModal } = useAppInfoModals()
+  
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <AppHeader appDetail={appDetail} />
+      <AppOperations onAction={handleAction} />
+      <AppModals show={showModal} onClose={() => setShowModal(null)} />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+**Dify Examples**:
+- `web/app/components/app/configuration/` directory structure
+- `web/app/components/workflow/nodes/` per-node organization
+
+### Pattern 3: Simplify Conditional Logic
+
+**When**: Deep nesting (> 3 levels), complex ternaries, or multiple `if/else` chains.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Deeply nested conditionals
+const Template = useMemo(() => {
+  if (appDetail?.mode === AppModeEnum.CHAT) {
+    switch (locale) {
+      case LanguagesSupported[1]:
+        return <TemplateChatZh />
+      case LanguagesSupported[7]:
+        return <TemplateChatJa />
+      default:
+        return <TemplateChatEn />
+    }
+  }
+  if (appDetail?.mode === AppModeEnum.ADVANCED_CHAT) {
+    // Another 15 lines...
+  }
+  // More conditions...
+}, [appDetail, locale])
+
+// ✅ After: Use lookup tables + early returns
+const TEMPLATE_MAP = {
+  [AppModeEnum.CHAT]: {
+    [LanguagesSupported[1]]: TemplateChatZh,
+    [LanguagesSupported[7]]: TemplateChatJa,
+    default: TemplateChatEn,
+  },
+  [AppModeEnum.ADVANCED_CHAT]: {
+    [LanguagesSupported[1]]: TemplateAdvancedChatZh,
+    // ...
+  },
+}
+
+const Template = useMemo(() => {
+  const modeTemplates = TEMPLATE_MAP[appDetail?.mode]
+  if (!modeTemplates) return null
+  
+  const TemplateComponent = modeTemplates[locale] || modeTemplates.default
+  return <TemplateComponent appDetail={appDetail} />
+}, [appDetail, locale])
+```
+
+### Pattern 4: Extract API/Data Logic
+
+**When**: Component directly handles API calls, data transformation, or complex async operations.
+
+**Dify Convention**: Use `@tanstack/react-query` hooks from `web/service/use-*.ts` or create custom data hooks.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: API logic in component
+const MCPServiceCard = () => {
+  const [basicAppConfig, setBasicAppConfig] = useState({})
+  
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (isBasicApp && appId) {
+      (async () => {
+        const res = await fetchAppDetail({ url: '/apps', id: appId })
+        setBasicAppConfig(res?.model_config || {})
+      })()
+    }
+  }, [appId, isBasicApp])
+  
+  // More API-related logic...
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Extract to data hook using React Query
+// use-app-config.ts
+import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query'
+import { get } from '@/service/base'
+
+const NAME_SPACE = 'appConfig'
+
+export const useAppConfig = (appId: string, isBasicApp: boolean) => {
+  return useQuery({
+    enabled: isBasicApp && !!appId,
+    queryKey: [NAME_SPACE, 'detail', appId],
+    queryFn: () => get<AppDetailResponse>(`/apps/${appId}`),
+    select: data => data?.model_config || {},
+  })
+}
+
+// Component becomes cleaner
+const MCPServiceCard = () => {
+  const { data: config, isLoading } = useAppConfig(appId, isBasicApp)
+  // UI only
+}
+```
+
+**React Query Best Practices in Dify**:
+- Define `NAME_SPACE` for query key organization
+- Use `enabled` option for conditional fetching
+- Use `select` for data transformation
+- Export invalidation hooks: `useInvalidXxx`
+
+**Dify Examples**:
+- `web/service/use-workflow.ts`
+- `web/service/use-common.ts`
+- `web/service/knowledge/use-dataset.ts`
+- `web/service/knowledge/use-document.ts`
+
+### Pattern 5: Extract Modal/Dialog Management
+
+**When**: Component manages multiple modals with complex open/close states.
+
+**Dify Convention**: Modals should be extracted with their state management.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Multiple modal states in component
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  const [showEditModal, setShowEditModal] = useState(false)
+  const [showDuplicateModal, setShowDuplicateModal] = useState(false)
+  const [showConfirmDelete, setShowConfirmDelete] = useState(false)
+  const [showSwitchModal, setShowSwitchModal] = useState(false)
+  const [showImportDSLModal, setShowImportDSLModal] = useState(false)
+  // 5+ more modal states...
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Extract to modal management hook
+type ModalType = 'edit' | 'duplicate' | 'delete' | 'switch' | 'import' | null
+
+const useAppInfoModals = () => {
+  const [activeModal, setActiveModal] = useState<ModalType>(null)
+  
+  const openModal = useCallback((type: ModalType) => setActiveModal(type), [])
+  const closeModal = useCallback(() => setActiveModal(null), [])
+  
+  return {
+    activeModal,
+    openModal,
+    closeModal,
+    isOpen: (type: ModalType) => activeModal === type,
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Pattern 6: Extract Form Logic
+
+**When**: Complex form validation, submission handling, or field transformation.
+
+**Dify Convention**: Use `@tanstack/react-form` patterns from `web/app/components/base/form/`.
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ Use existing form infrastructure
+import { useAppForm } from '@/app/components/base/form'
+
+const ConfigForm = () => {
+  const form = useAppForm({
+    defaultValues: { name: '', description: '' },
+    onSubmit: handleSubmit,
+  })
+  
+  return <form.Provider>...</form.Provider>
+}
+```
+
+## Dify-Specific Refactoring Guidelines
+
+### 1. Context Provider Extraction
+
+**When**: Component provides complex context values with multiple states.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Large context value object
+const value = {
+  appId, isAPIKeySet, isTrailFinished, mode, modelModeType,
+  promptMode, isAdvancedMode, isAgent, isOpenAI, isFunctionCall,
+  // 50+ more properties...
+}
+return <ConfigContext.Provider value={value}>...</ConfigContext.Provider>
+
+// ✅ After: Split into domain-specific contexts
+<ModelConfigProvider value={modelConfigValue}>
+  <DatasetConfigProvider value={datasetConfigValue}>
+    <UIConfigProvider value={uiConfigValue}>
+      {children}
+    </UIConfigProvider>
+  </DatasetConfigProvider>
+</ModelConfigProvider>
+```
+
+**Dify Reference**: `web/context/` directory structure
+
+### 2. Workflow Node Components
+
+**When**: Refactoring workflow node components (`web/app/components/workflow/nodes/`).
+
+**Conventions**:
+- Keep node logic in `use-interactions.ts`
+- Extract panel UI to separate files
+- Use `_base` components for common patterns
+
+```
+nodes/<node-type>/
+  ├── index.tsx              # Node registration
+  ├── node.tsx               # Node visual component
+  ├── panel.tsx              # Configuration panel
+  ├── use-interactions.ts    # Node-specific hooks
+  └── types.ts               # Type definitions
+```
+
+### 3. Configuration Components
+
+**When**: Refactoring app configuration components.
+
+**Conventions**:
+- Separate config sections into subdirectories
+- Use existing patterns from `web/app/components/app/configuration/`
+- Keep feature toggles in dedicated components
+
+### 4. Tool/Plugin Components
+
+**When**: Refactoring tool-related components (`web/app/components/tools/`).
+
+**Conventions**:
+- Follow existing modal patterns
+- Use service hooks from `web/service/use-tools.ts`
+- Keep provider-specific logic isolated
+
+## Refactoring Workflow
+
+### Step 1: Generate Refactoring Prompt
+
+```bash
+pnpm refactor-component <path>
+```
+
+This command will:
+- Analyze component complexity and features
+- Identify specific refactoring actions needed
+- Generate a prompt for AI assistant (auto-copied to clipboard on macOS)
+- Provide detailed requirements based on detected patterns
+
+### Step 2: Analyze Details
+
+```bash
+pnpm analyze-component <path> --json
+```
+
+Identify:
+- Total complexity score
+- Max function complexity
+- Line count
+- Features detected (state, effects, API, etc.)
+
+### Step 3: Plan
+
+Create a refactoring plan based on detected features:
+
+| Detected Feature | Refactoring Action |
+|------------------|-------------------|
+| `hasState: true` + `hasEffects: true` | Extract custom hook |
+| `hasAPI: true` | Extract data/service hook |
+| `hasEvents: true` (many) | Extract event handlers |
+| `lineCount > 300` | Split into sub-components |
+| `maxComplexity > 50` | Simplify conditional logic |
+
+### Step 4: Execute Incrementally
+
+1. **Extract one piece at a time**
+2. **Run lint, type-check, and tests after each extraction**
+3. **Verify functionality before next step**
+
+```
+For each extraction:
+  ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
+  │ 1. Extract code                        │
+  │ 2. Run: pnpm lint:fix                  │
+  │ 3. Run: pnpm type-check:tsgo           │
+  │ 4. Run: pnpm test                      │
+  │ 5. Test functionality manually         │
+  │ 6. PASS? → Next extraction             │
+  │    FAIL? → Fix before continuing       │
+  └────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### Step 5: Verify
+
+After refactoring:
+
+```bash
+# Re-run refactor command to verify improvements
+pnpm refactor-component <path>
+
+# If complexity < 25 and lines < 200, you'll see:
+# ✅ COMPONENT IS WELL-STRUCTURED
+
+# For detailed metrics:
+pnpm analyze-component <path> --json
+
+# Target metrics:
+# - complexity < 50
+# - lineCount < 300
+# - maxComplexity < 30
+```
+
+## Common Mistakes to Avoid
+
+### ❌ Over-Engineering
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Too many tiny hooks
+const useButtonText = () => useState('Click')
+const useButtonDisabled = () => useState(false)
+const useButtonLoading = () => useState(false)
+
+// ✅ Cohesive hook with related state
+const useButtonState = () => {
+  const [text, setText] = useState('Click')
+  const [disabled, setDisabled] = useState(false)
+  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(false)
+  return { text, setText, disabled, setDisabled, loading, setLoading }
+}
+```
+
+### ❌ Breaking Existing Patterns
+
+- Follow existing directory structures
+- Maintain naming conventions
+- Preserve export patterns for compatibility
+
+### ❌ Premature Abstraction
+
+- Only extract when there's clear complexity benefit
+- Don't create abstractions for single-use code
+- Keep refactored code in the same domain area
+
+## References
+
+### Dify Codebase Examples
+
+- **Hook extraction**: `web/app/components/app/configuration/hooks/`
+- **Component splitting**: `web/app/components/app/configuration/`
+- **Service hooks**: `web/service/use-*.ts`
+- **Workflow patterns**: `web/app/components/workflow/hooks/`
+- **Form patterns**: `web/app/components/base/form/`
+
+### Related Skills
+
+- `frontend-testing` - For testing refactored components
+- `web/testing/testing.md` - Testing specification

.claude/skills/component-refactoring/references/complexity-patterns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,493 @@
+# Complexity Reduction Patterns
+
+This document provides patterns for reducing cognitive complexity in Dify React components.
+
+## Understanding Complexity
+
+### SonarJS Cognitive Complexity
+
+The `pnpm analyze-component` tool uses SonarJS cognitive complexity metrics:
+
+- **Total Complexity**: Sum of all functions' complexity in the file
+- **Max Complexity**: Highest single function complexity
+
+### What Increases Complexity
+
+| Pattern | Complexity Impact |
+|---------|-------------------|
+| `if/else` | +1 per branch |
+| Nested conditions | +1 per nesting level |
+| `switch/case` | +1 per case |
+| `for/while/do` | +1 per loop |
+| `&&`/`||` chains | +1 per operator |
+| Nested callbacks | +1 per nesting level |
+| `try/catch` | +1 per catch |
+| Ternary expressions | +1 per nesting |
+
+## Pattern 1: Replace Conditionals with Lookup Tables
+
+**Before** (complexity: ~15):
+
+```typescript
+const Template = useMemo(() => {
+  if (appDetail?.mode === AppModeEnum.CHAT) {
+    switch (locale) {
+      case LanguagesSupported[1]:
+        return <TemplateChatZh appDetail={appDetail} />
+      case LanguagesSupported[7]:
+        return <TemplateChatJa appDetail={appDetail} />
+      default:
+        return <TemplateChatEn appDetail={appDetail} />
+    }
+  }
+  if (appDetail?.mode === AppModeEnum.ADVANCED_CHAT) {
+    switch (locale) {
+      case LanguagesSupported[1]:
+        return <TemplateAdvancedChatZh appDetail={appDetail} />
+      case LanguagesSupported[7]:
+        return <TemplateAdvancedChatJa appDetail={appDetail} />
+      default:
+        return <TemplateAdvancedChatEn appDetail={appDetail} />
+    }
+  }
+  if (appDetail?.mode === AppModeEnum.WORKFLOW) {
+    // Similar pattern...
+  }
+  return null
+}, [appDetail, locale])
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: ~3):
+
+```typescript
+// Define lookup table outside component
+const TEMPLATE_MAP: Record<AppModeEnum, Record<string, FC<TemplateProps>>> = {
+  [AppModeEnum.CHAT]: {
+    [LanguagesSupported[1]]: TemplateChatZh,
+    [LanguagesSupported[7]]: TemplateChatJa,
+    default: TemplateChatEn,
+  },
+  [AppModeEnum.ADVANCED_CHAT]: {
+    [LanguagesSupported[1]]: TemplateAdvancedChatZh,
+    [LanguagesSupported[7]]: TemplateAdvancedChatJa,
+    default: TemplateAdvancedChatEn,
+  },
+  [AppModeEnum.WORKFLOW]: {
+    [LanguagesSupported[1]]: TemplateWorkflowZh,
+    [LanguagesSupported[7]]: TemplateWorkflowJa,
+    default: TemplateWorkflowEn,
+  },
+  // ...
+}
+
+// Clean component logic
+const Template = useMemo(() => {
+  if (!appDetail?.mode) return null
+  
+  const templates = TEMPLATE_MAP[appDetail.mode]
+  if (!templates) return null
+  
+  const TemplateComponent = templates[locale] ?? templates.default
+  return <TemplateComponent appDetail={appDetail} />
+}, [appDetail, locale])
+```
+
+## Pattern 2: Use Early Returns
+
+**Before** (complexity: ~10):
+
+```typescript
+const handleSubmit = () => {
+  if (isValid) {
+    if (hasChanges) {
+      if (isConnected) {
+        submitData()
+      } else {
+        showConnectionError()
+      }
+    } else {
+      showNoChangesMessage()
+    }
+  } else {
+    showValidationError()
+  }
+}
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: ~4):
+
+```typescript
+const handleSubmit = () => {
+  if (!isValid) {
+    showValidationError()
+    return
+  }
+  
+  if (!hasChanges) {
+    showNoChangesMessage()
+    return
+  }
+  
+  if (!isConnected) {
+    showConnectionError()
+    return
+  }
+  
+  submitData()
+}
+```
+
+## Pattern 3: Extract Complex Conditions
+
+**Before** (complexity: high):
+
+```typescript
+const canPublish = (() => {
+  if (mode !== AppModeEnum.COMPLETION) {
+    if (!isAdvancedMode)
+      return true
+
+    if (modelModeType === ModelModeType.completion) {
+      if (!hasSetBlockStatus.history || !hasSetBlockStatus.query)
+        return false
+      return true
+    }
+    return true
+  }
+  return !promptEmpty
+})()
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: lower):
+
+```typescript
+// Extract to named functions
+const canPublishInCompletionMode = () => !promptEmpty
+
+const canPublishInChatMode = () => {
+  if (!isAdvancedMode) return true
+  if (modelModeType !== ModelModeType.completion) return true
+  return hasSetBlockStatus.history && hasSetBlockStatus.query
+}
+
+// Clean main logic
+const canPublish = mode === AppModeEnum.COMPLETION
+  ? canPublishInCompletionMode()
+  : canPublishInChatMode()
+```
+
+## Pattern 4: Replace Chained Ternaries
+
+**Before** (complexity: ~5):
+
+```typescript
+const statusText = serverActivated
+  ? t('status.running')
+  : serverPublished
+    ? t('status.inactive')
+    : appUnpublished
+      ? t('status.unpublished')
+      : t('status.notConfigured')
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: ~2):
+
+```typescript
+const getStatusText = () => {
+  if (serverActivated) return t('status.running')
+  if (serverPublished) return t('status.inactive')
+  if (appUnpublished) return t('status.unpublished')
+  return t('status.notConfigured')
+}
+
+const statusText = getStatusText()
+```
+
+Or use lookup:
+
+```typescript
+const STATUS_TEXT_MAP = {
+  running: 'status.running',
+  inactive: 'status.inactive',
+  unpublished: 'status.unpublished',
+  notConfigured: 'status.notConfigured',
+} as const
+
+const getStatusKey = (): keyof typeof STATUS_TEXT_MAP => {
+  if (serverActivated) return 'running'
+  if (serverPublished) return 'inactive'
+  if (appUnpublished) return 'unpublished'
+  return 'notConfigured'
+}
+
+const statusText = t(STATUS_TEXT_MAP[getStatusKey()])
+```
+
+## Pattern 5: Flatten Nested Loops
+
+**Before** (complexity: high):
+
+```typescript
+const processData = (items: Item[]) => {
+  const results: ProcessedItem[] = []
+  
+  for (const item of items) {
+    if (item.isValid) {
+      for (const child of item.children) {
+        if (child.isActive) {
+          for (const prop of child.properties) {
+            if (prop.value !== null) {
+              results.push({
+                itemId: item.id,
+                childId: child.id,
+                propValue: prop.value,
+              })
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  return results
+}
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: lower):
+
+```typescript
+// Use functional approach
+const processData = (items: Item[]) => {
+  return items
+    .filter(item => item.isValid)
+    .flatMap(item =>
+      item.children
+        .filter(child => child.isActive)
+        .flatMap(child =>
+          child.properties
+            .filter(prop => prop.value !== null)
+            .map(prop => ({
+              itemId: item.id,
+              childId: child.id,
+              propValue: prop.value,
+            }))
+        )
+    )
+}
+```
+
+## Pattern 6: Extract Event Handler Logic
+
+**Before** (complexity: high in component):
+
+```typescript
+const Component = () => {
+  const handleSelect = (data: DataSet[]) => {
+    if (isEqual(data.map(item => item.id), dataSets.map(item => item.id))) {
+      hideSelectDataSet()
+      return
+    }
+
+    formattingChangedDispatcher()
+    let newDatasets = data
+    if (data.find(item => !item.name)) {
+      const newSelected = produce(data, (draft) => {
+        data.forEach((item, index) => {
+          if (!item.name) {
+            const newItem = dataSets.find(i => i.id === item.id)
+            if (newItem)
+              draft[index] = newItem
+          }
+        })
+      })
+      setDataSets(newSelected)
+      newDatasets = newSelected
+    }
+    else {
+      setDataSets(data)
+    }
+    hideSelectDataSet()
+    
+    // 40 more lines of logic...
+  }
+  
+  return <div>...</div>
+}
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: lower):
+
+```typescript
+// Extract to hook or utility
+const useDatasetSelection = (dataSets: DataSet[], setDataSets: SetState<DataSet[]>) => {
+  const normalizeSelection = (data: DataSet[]) => {
+    const hasUnloadedItem = data.some(item => !item.name)
+    if (!hasUnloadedItem) return data
+    
+    return produce(data, (draft) => {
+      data.forEach((item, index) => {
+        if (!item.name) {
+          const existing = dataSets.find(i => i.id === item.id)
+          if (existing) draft[index] = existing
+        }
+      })
+    })
+  }
+  
+  const hasSelectionChanged = (newData: DataSet[]) => {
+    return !isEqual(
+      newData.map(item => item.id),
+      dataSets.map(item => item.id)
+    )
+  }
+  
+  return { normalizeSelection, hasSelectionChanged }
+}
+
+// Component becomes cleaner
+const Component = () => {
+  const { normalizeSelection, hasSelectionChanged } = useDatasetSelection(dataSets, setDataSets)
+  
+  const handleSelect = (data: DataSet[]) => {
+    if (!hasSelectionChanged(data)) {
+      hideSelectDataSet()
+      return
+    }
+    
+    formattingChangedDispatcher()
+    const normalized = normalizeSelection(data)
+    setDataSets(normalized)
+    hideSelectDataSet()
+  }
+  
+  return <div>...</div>
+}
+```
+
+## Pattern 7: Reduce Boolean Logic Complexity
+
+**Before** (complexity: ~8):
+
+```typescript
+const toggleDisabled = hasInsufficientPermissions
+  || appUnpublished
+  || missingStartNode
+  || triggerModeDisabled
+  || (isAdvancedApp && !currentWorkflow?.graph)
+  || (isBasicApp && !basicAppConfig.updated_at)
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: ~3):
+
+```typescript
+// Extract meaningful boolean functions
+const isAppReady = () => {
+  if (isAdvancedApp) return !!currentWorkflow?.graph
+  return !!basicAppConfig.updated_at
+}
+
+const hasRequiredPermissions = () => {
+  return isCurrentWorkspaceEditor && !hasInsufficientPermissions
+}
+
+const canToggle = () => {
+  if (!hasRequiredPermissions()) return false
+  if (!isAppReady()) return false
+  if (missingStartNode) return false
+  if (triggerModeDisabled) return false
+  return true
+}
+
+const toggleDisabled = !canToggle()
+```
+
+## Pattern 8: Simplify useMemo/useCallback Dependencies
+
+**Before** (complexity: multiple recalculations):
+
+```typescript
+const payload = useMemo(() => {
+  let parameters: Parameter[] = []
+  let outputParameters: OutputParameter[] = []
+
+  if (!published) {
+    parameters = (inputs || []).map((item) => ({
+      name: item.variable,
+      description: '',
+      form: 'llm',
+      required: item.required,
+      type: item.type,
+    }))
+    outputParameters = (outputs || []).map((item) => ({
+      name: item.variable,
+      description: '',
+      type: item.value_type,
+    }))
+  }
+  else if (detail && detail.tool) {
+    parameters = (inputs || []).map((item) => ({
+      // Complex transformation...
+    }))
+    outputParameters = (outputs || []).map((item) => ({
+      // Complex transformation...
+    }))
+  }
+  
+  return {
+    icon: detail?.icon || icon,
+    label: detail?.label || name,
+    // ...more fields
+  }
+}, [detail, published, workflowAppId, icon, name, description, inputs, outputs])
+```
+
+**After** (complexity: separated concerns):
+
+```typescript
+// Separate transformations
+const useParameterTransform = (inputs: InputVar[], detail?: ToolDetail, published?: boolean) => {
+  return useMemo(() => {
+    if (!published) {
+      return inputs.map(item => ({
+        name: item.variable,
+        description: '',
+        form: 'llm',
+        required: item.required,
+        type: item.type,
+      }))
+    }
+    
+    if (!detail?.tool) return []
+    
+    return inputs.map(item => ({
+      name: item.variable,
+      required: item.required,
+      type: item.type === 'paragraph' ? 'string' : item.type,
+      description: detail.tool.parameters.find(p => p.name === item.variable)?.llm_description || '',
+      form: detail.tool.parameters.find(p => p.name === item.variable)?.form || 'llm',
+    }))
+  }, [inputs, detail, published])
+}
+
+// Component uses hook
+const parameters = useParameterTransform(inputs, detail, published)
+const outputParameters = useOutputTransform(outputs, detail, published)
+
+const payload = useMemo(() => ({
+  icon: detail?.icon || icon,
+  label: detail?.label || name,
+  parameters,
+  outputParameters,
+  // ...
+}), [detail, icon, name, parameters, outputParameters])
+```
+
+## Target Metrics After Refactoring
+
+| Metric | Target |
+|--------|--------|
+| Total Complexity | < 50 |
+| Max Function Complexity | < 30 |
+| Function Length | < 30 lines |
+| Nesting Depth | ≤ 3 levels |
+| Conditional Chains | ≤ 3 conditions |

.claude/skills/component-refactoring/references/component-splitting.md

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+# Component Splitting Patterns
+
+This document provides detailed guidance on splitting large components into smaller, focused components in Dify.
+
+## When to Split Components
+
+Split a component when you identify:
+
+1. **Multiple UI sections** - Distinct visual areas with minimal coupling that can be composed independently
+1. **Conditional rendering blocks** - Large `{condition && <JSX />}` blocks
+1. **Repeated patterns** - Similar UI structures used multiple times
+1. **300+ lines** - Component exceeds manageable size
+1. **Modal clusters** - Multiple modals rendered in one component
+
+## Splitting Strategies
+
+### Strategy 1: Section-Based Splitting
+
+Identify visual sections and extract each as a component.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Monolithic component (500+ lines)
+const ConfigurationPage = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {/* Header Section - 50 lines */}
+      <div className="header">
+        <h1>{t('configuration.title')}</h1>
+        <div className="actions">
+          {isAdvancedMode && <Badge>Advanced</Badge>}
+          <ModelParameterModal ... />
+          <AppPublisher ... />
+        </div>
+      </div>
+      
+      {/* Config Section - 200 lines */}
+      <div className="config">
+        <Config />
+      </div>
+      
+      {/* Debug Section - 150 lines */}
+      <div className="debug">
+        <Debug ... />
+      </div>
+      
+      {/* Modals Section - 100 lines */}
+      {showSelectDataSet && <SelectDataSet ... />}
+      {showHistoryModal && <EditHistoryModal ... />}
+      {showUseGPT4Confirm && <Confirm ... />}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Split into focused components
+// configuration/
+//   ├── index.tsx              (orchestration)
+//   ├── configuration-header.tsx
+//   ├── configuration-content.tsx
+//   ├── configuration-debug.tsx
+//   └── configuration-modals.tsx
+
+// configuration-header.tsx
+interface ConfigurationHeaderProps {
+  isAdvancedMode: boolean
+  onPublish: () => void
+}
+
+const ConfigurationHeader: FC<ConfigurationHeaderProps> = ({
+  isAdvancedMode,
+  onPublish,
+}) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation()
+  
+  return (
+    <div className="header">
+      <h1>{t('configuration.title')}</h1>
+      <div className="actions">
+        {isAdvancedMode && <Badge>Advanced</Badge>}
+        <ModelParameterModal ... />
+        <AppPublisher onPublish={onPublish} />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// index.tsx (orchestration only)
+const ConfigurationPage = () => {
+  const { modelConfig, setModelConfig } = useModelConfig()
+  const { activeModal, openModal, closeModal } = useModalState()
+  
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <ConfigurationHeader
+        isAdvancedMode={isAdvancedMode}
+        onPublish={handlePublish}
+      />
+      <ConfigurationContent
+        modelConfig={modelConfig}
+        onConfigChange={setModelConfig}
+      />
+      {!isMobile && (
+        <ConfigurationDebug
+          inputs={inputs}
+          onSetting={handleSetting}
+        />
+      )}
+      <ConfigurationModals
+        activeModal={activeModal}
+        onClose={closeModal}
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+### Strategy 2: Conditional Block Extraction
+
+Extract large conditional rendering blocks.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Large conditional blocks
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {expand ? (
+        <div className="expanded">
+          {/* 100 lines of expanded view */}
+        </div>
+      ) : (
+        <div className="collapsed">
+          {/* 50 lines of collapsed view */}
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Separate view components
+const AppInfoExpanded: FC<AppInfoViewProps> = ({ appDetail, onAction }) => {
+  return (
+    <div className="expanded">
+      {/* Clean, focused expanded view */}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+const AppInfoCollapsed: FC<AppInfoViewProps> = ({ appDetail, onAction }) => {
+  return (
+    <div className="collapsed">
+      {/* Clean, focused collapsed view */}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {expand
+        ? <AppInfoExpanded appDetail={appDetail} onAction={handleAction} />
+        : <AppInfoCollapsed appDetail={appDetail} onAction={handleAction} />
+      }
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+### Strategy 3: Modal Extraction
+
+Extract modals with their trigger logic.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Multiple modals in one component
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  const [showEdit, setShowEdit] = useState(false)
+  const [showDuplicate, setShowDuplicate] = useState(false)
+  const [showDelete, setShowDelete] = useState(false)
+  const [showSwitch, setShowSwitch] = useState(false)
+  
+  const onEdit = async (data) => { /* 20 lines */ }
+  const onDuplicate = async (data) => { /* 20 lines */ }
+  const onDelete = async () => { /* 15 lines */ }
+  
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {/* Main content */}
+      
+      {showEdit && <EditModal onConfirm={onEdit} onClose={() => setShowEdit(false)} />}
+      {showDuplicate && <DuplicateModal onConfirm={onDuplicate} onClose={() => setShowDuplicate(false)} />}
+      {showDelete && <DeleteConfirm onConfirm={onDelete} onClose={() => setShowDelete(false)} />}
+      {showSwitch && <SwitchModal ... />}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Modal manager component
+// app-info-modals.tsx
+type ModalType = 'edit' | 'duplicate' | 'delete' | 'switch' | null
+
+interface AppInfoModalsProps {
+  appDetail: AppDetail
+  activeModal: ModalType
+  onClose: () => void
+  onSuccess: () => void
+}
+
+const AppInfoModals: FC<AppInfoModalsProps> = ({
+  appDetail,
+  activeModal,
+  onClose,
+  onSuccess,
+}) => {
+  const handleEdit = async (data) => { /* logic */ }
+  const handleDuplicate = async (data) => { /* logic */ }
+  const handleDelete = async () => { /* logic */ }
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      {activeModal === 'edit' && (
+        <EditModal
+          appDetail={appDetail}
+          onConfirm={handleEdit}
+          onClose={onClose}
+        />
+      )}
+      {activeModal === 'duplicate' && (
+        <DuplicateModal
+          appDetail={appDetail}
+          onConfirm={handleDuplicate}
+          onClose={onClose}
+        />
+      )}
+      {activeModal === 'delete' && (
+        <DeleteConfirm
+          onConfirm={handleDelete}
+          onClose={onClose}
+        />
+      )}
+      {activeModal === 'switch' && (
+        <SwitchModal
+          appDetail={appDetail}
+          onClose={onClose}
+        />
+      )}
+    </>
+  )
+}
+
+// Parent component
+const AppInfo = () => {
+  const { activeModal, openModal, closeModal } = useModalState()
+  
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {/* Main content with openModal triggers */}
+      <Button onClick={() => openModal('edit')}>Edit</Button>
+      
+      <AppInfoModals
+        appDetail={appDetail}
+        activeModal={activeModal}
+        onClose={closeModal}
+        onSuccess={handleSuccess}
+      />
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+### Strategy 4: List Item Extraction
+
+Extract repeated item rendering.
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Before: Inline item rendering
+const OperationsList = () => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {operations.map(op => (
+        <div key={op.id} className="operation-item">
+          <span className="icon">{op.icon}</span>
+          <span className="title">{op.title}</span>
+          <span className="description">{op.description}</span>
+          <button onClick={() => op.onClick()}>
+            {op.actionLabel}
+          </button>
+          {op.badge && <Badge>{op.badge}</Badge>}
+          {/* More complex rendering... */}
+        </div>
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// ✅ After: Extracted item component
+interface OperationItemProps {
+  operation: Operation
+  onAction: (id: string) => void
+}
+
+const OperationItem: FC<OperationItemProps> = ({ operation, onAction }) => {
+  return (
+    <div className="operation-item">
+      <span className="icon">{operation.icon}</span>
+      <span className="title">{operation.title}</span>
+      <span className="description">{operation.description}</span>
+      <button onClick={() => onAction(operation.id)}>
+        {operation.actionLabel}
+      </button>
+      {operation.badge && <Badge>{operation.badge}</Badge>}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+const OperationsList = () => {
+  const handleAction = useCallback((id: string) => {
+    const op = operations.find(o => o.id === id)
+    op?.onClick()
+  }, [operations])
+
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {operations.map(op => (
+        <OperationItem
+          key={op.id}
+          operation={op}
+          onAction={handleAction}
+        />
+      ))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+## Directory Structure Patterns
+
+### Pattern A: Flat Structure (Simple Components)
+
+For components with 2-3 sub-components:
+
+```
+component-name/
+  ├── index.tsx           # Main component
+  ├── sub-component-a.tsx
+  ├── sub-component-b.tsx
+  └── types.ts            # Shared types
+```
+
+### Pattern B: Nested Structure (Complex Components)
+
+For components with many sub-components:
+
+```
+component-name/
+  ├── index.tsx           # Main orchestration
+  ├── types.ts            # Shared types
+  ├── hooks/
+  │   ├── use-feature-a.ts
+  │   └── use-feature-b.ts
+  ├── components/
+  │   ├── header/
+  │   │   └── index.tsx
+  │   ├── content/
+  │   │   └── index.tsx
+  │   └── modals/
+  │       └── index.tsx
+  └── utils/
+      └── helpers.ts
+```
+
+### Pattern C: Feature-Based Structure (Dify Standard)
+
+Following Dify's existing patterns:
+
+```
+configuration/
+  ├── index.tsx           # Main page component
+  ├── base/               # Base/shared components
+  │   ├── feature-panel/
+  │   ├── group-name/
+  │   └── operation-btn/
+  ├── config/             # Config section
+  │   ├── index.tsx
+  │   ├── agent/
+  │   └── automatic/
+  ├── dataset-config/     # Dataset section
+  │   ├── index.tsx
+  │   ├── card-item/
+  │   └── params-config/
+  ├── debug/              # Debug section
+  │   ├── index.tsx
+  │   └── hooks.tsx
+  └── hooks/              # Shared hooks
+      └── use-advanced-prompt-config.ts
+```
+
+## Props Design
+
+### Minimal Props Principle
+
+Pass only what's needed:
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Bad: Passing entire objects when only some fields needed
+<ConfigHeader appDetail={appDetail} modelConfig={modelConfig} />
+
+// ✅ Good: Destructure to minimum required
+<ConfigHeader
+  appName={appDetail.name}
+  isAdvancedMode={modelConfig.isAdvanced}
+  onPublish={handlePublish}
+/>
+```
+
+### Callback Props Pattern
+
+Use callbacks for child-to-parent communication:
+
+```typescript
+// Parent
+const Parent = () => {
+  const [value, setValue] = useState('')
+  
+  return (
+    <Child
+      value={value}
+      onChange={setValue}
+      onSubmit={handleSubmit}
+    />
+  )
+}
+
+// Child
+interface ChildProps {
+  value: string
+  onChange: (value: string) => void
+  onSubmit: () => void
+}
+
+const Child: FC<ChildProps> = ({ value, onChange, onSubmit }) => {
+  return (
+    <div>
+      <input value={value} onChange={e => onChange(e.target.value)} />
+      <button onClick={onSubmit}>Submit</button>
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+### Render Props for Flexibility
+
+When sub-components need parent context:
+
+```typescript
+interface ListProps<T> {
+  items: T[]
+  renderItem: (item: T, index: number) => React.ReactNode
+  renderEmpty?: () => React.ReactNode
+}
+
+function List<T>({ items, renderItem, renderEmpty }: ListProps<T>) {
+  if (items.length === 0 && renderEmpty) {
+    return <>{renderEmpty()}</>
+  }
+  
+  return (
+    <div>
+      {items.map((item, index) => renderItem(item, index))}
+    </div>
+  )
+}
+
+// Usage
+<List
+  items={operations}
+  renderItem={(op, i) => <OperationItem key={i} operation={op} />}
+  renderEmpty={() => <EmptyState message="No operations" />}
+/>
+```

.claude/skills/component-refactoring/references/hook-extraction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+# Hook Extraction Patterns
+
+This document provides detailed guidance on extracting custom hooks from complex components in Dify.
+
+## When to Extract Hooks
+
+Extract a custom hook when you identify:
+
+1. **Coupled state groups** - Multiple `useState` hooks that are always used together
+1. **Complex effects** - `useEffect` with multiple dependencies or cleanup logic
+1. **Business logic** - Data transformations, validations, or calculations
+1. **Reusable patterns** - Logic that appears in multiple components
+
+## Extraction Process
+
+### Step 1: Identify State Groups
+
+Look for state variables that are logically related:
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ These belong together - extract to hook
+const [modelConfig, setModelConfig] = useState<ModelConfig>(...)
+const [completionParams, setCompletionParams] = useState<FormValue>({})
+const [modelModeType, setModelModeType] = useState<ModelModeType>(...)
+
+// These are model-related state that should be in useModelConfig()
+```
+
+### Step 2: Identify Related Effects
+
+Find effects that modify the grouped state:
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ These effects belong with the state above
+useEffect(() => {
+  if (hasFetchedDetail && !modelModeType) {
+    const mode = currModel?.model_properties.mode
+    if (mode) {
+      const newModelConfig = produce(modelConfig, (draft) => {
+        draft.mode = mode
+      })
+      setModelConfig(newModelConfig)
+    }
+  }
+}, [textGenerationModelList, hasFetchedDetail, modelModeType, currModel])
+```
+
+### Step 3: Create the Hook
+
+```typescript
+// hooks/use-model-config.ts
+import type { FormValue } from '@/app/components/header/account-setting/model-provider-page/declarations'
+import type { ModelConfig } from '@/models/debug'
+import { produce } from 'immer'
+import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { ModelModeType } from '@/types/app'
+
+interface UseModelConfigParams {
+  initialConfig?: Partial<ModelConfig>
+  currModel?: { model_properties?: { mode?: ModelModeType } }
+  hasFetchedDetail: boolean
+}
+
+interface UseModelConfigReturn {
+  modelConfig: ModelConfig
+  setModelConfig: (config: ModelConfig) => void
+  completionParams: FormValue
+  setCompletionParams: (params: FormValue) => void
+  modelModeType: ModelModeType
+}
+
+export const useModelConfig = ({
+  initialConfig,
+  currModel,
+  hasFetchedDetail,
+}: UseModelConfigParams): UseModelConfigReturn => {
+  const [modelConfig, setModelConfig] = useState<ModelConfig>({
+    provider: 'langgenius/openai/openai',
+    model_id: 'gpt-3.5-turbo',
+    mode: ModelModeType.unset,
+    // ... default values
+    ...initialConfig,
+  })
+  
+  const [completionParams, setCompletionParams] = useState<FormValue>({})
+  
+  const modelModeType = modelConfig.mode
+
+  // Fill old app data missing model mode
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (hasFetchedDetail && !modelModeType) {
+      const mode = currModel?.model_properties?.mode
+      if (mode) {
+        setModelConfig(produce(modelConfig, (draft) => {
+          draft.mode = mode
+        }))
+      }
+    }
+  }, [hasFetchedDetail, modelModeType, currModel])
+
+  return {
+    modelConfig,
+    setModelConfig,
+    completionParams,
+    setCompletionParams,
+    modelModeType,
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Step 4: Update Component
+
+```typescript
+// Before: 50+ lines of state management
+const Configuration: FC = () => {
+  const [modelConfig, setModelConfig] = useState<ModelConfig>(...)
+  // ... lots of related state and effects
+}
+
+// After: Clean component
+const Configuration: FC = () => {
+  const {
+    modelConfig,
+    setModelConfig,
+    completionParams,
+    setCompletionParams,
+    modelModeType,
+  } = useModelConfig({
+    currModel,
+    hasFetchedDetail,
+  })
+  
+  // Component now focuses on UI
+}
+```
+
+## Naming Conventions
+
+### Hook Names
+
+- Use `use` prefix: `useModelConfig`, `useDatasetConfig`
+- Be specific: `useAdvancedPromptConfig` not `usePrompt`
+- Include domain: `useWorkflowVariables`, `useMCPServer`
+
+### File Names
+
+- Kebab-case: `use-model-config.ts`
+- Place in `hooks/` subdirectory when multiple hooks exist
+- Place alongside component for single-use hooks
+
+### Return Type Names
+
+- Suffix with `Return`: `UseModelConfigReturn`
+- Suffix params with `Params`: `UseModelConfigParams`
+
+## Common Hook Patterns in Dify
+
+### 1. Data Fetching Hook (React Query)
+
+```typescript
+// Pattern: Use @tanstack/react-query for data fetching
+import { useQuery, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query'
+import { get } from '@/service/base'
+import { useInvalid } from '@/service/use-base'
+
+const NAME_SPACE = 'appConfig'
+
+// Query keys for cache management
+export const appConfigQueryKeys = {
+  detail: (appId: string) => [NAME_SPACE, 'detail', appId] as const,
+}
+
+// Main data hook
+export const useAppConfig = (appId: string) => {
+  return useQuery({
+    enabled: !!appId,
+    queryKey: appConfigQueryKeys.detail(appId),
+    queryFn: () => get<AppDetailResponse>(`/apps/${appId}`),
+    select: data => data?.model_config || null,
+  })
+}
+
+// Invalidation hook for refreshing data
+export const useInvalidAppConfig = () => {
+  return useInvalid([NAME_SPACE])
+}
+
+// Usage in component
+const Component = () => {
+  const { data: config, isLoading, error, refetch } = useAppConfig(appId)
+  const invalidAppConfig = useInvalidAppConfig()
+  
+  const handleRefresh = () => {
+    invalidAppConfig() // Invalidates cache and triggers refetch
+  }
+  
+  return <div>...</div>
+}
+```
+
+### 2. Form State Hook
+
+```typescript
+// Pattern: Form state + validation + submission
+export const useConfigForm = (initialValues: ConfigFormValues) => {
+  const [values, setValues] = useState(initialValues)
+  const [errors, setErrors] = useState<Record<string, string>>({})
+  const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false)
+
+  const validate = useCallback(() => {
+    const newErrors: Record<string, string> = {}
+    if (!values.name) newErrors.name = 'Name is required'
+    setErrors(newErrors)
+    return Object.keys(newErrors).length === 0
+  }, [values])
+
+  const handleChange = useCallback((field: string, value: any) => {
+    setValues(prev => ({ ...prev, [field]: value }))
+  }, [])
+
+  const handleSubmit = useCallback(async (onSubmit: (values: ConfigFormValues) => Promise<void>) => {
+    if (!validate()) return
+    setIsSubmitting(true)
+    try {
+      await onSubmit(values)
+    } finally {
+      setIsSubmitting(false)
+    }
+  }, [values, validate])
+
+  return { values, errors, isSubmitting, handleChange, handleSubmit }
+}
+```
+
+### 3. Modal State Hook
+
+```typescript
+// Pattern: Multiple modal management
+type ModalType = 'edit' | 'delete' | 'duplicate' | null
+
+export const useModalState = () => {
+  const [activeModal, setActiveModal] = useState<ModalType>(null)
+  const [modalData, setModalData] = useState<any>(null)
+
+  const openModal = useCallback((type: ModalType, data?: any) => {
+    setActiveModal(type)
+    setModalData(data)
+  }, [])
+
+  const closeModal = useCallback(() => {
+    setActiveModal(null)
+    setModalData(null)
+  }, [])
+
+  return {
+    activeModal,
+    modalData,
+    openModal,
+    closeModal,
+    isOpen: useCallback((type: ModalType) => activeModal === type, [activeModal]),
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### 4. Toggle/Boolean Hook
+
+```typescript
+// Pattern: Boolean state with convenience methods
+export const useToggle = (initialValue = false) => {
+  const [value, setValue] = useState(initialValue)
+
+  const toggle = useCallback(() => setValue(v => !v), [])
+  const setTrue = useCallback(() => setValue(true), [])
+  const setFalse = useCallback(() => setValue(false), [])
+
+  return [value, { toggle, setTrue, setFalse, set: setValue }] as const
+}
+
+// Usage
+const [isExpanded, { toggle, setTrue: expand, setFalse: collapse }] = useToggle()
+```
+
+## Testing Extracted Hooks
+
+After extraction, test hooks in isolation:
+
+```typescript
+// use-model-config.spec.ts
+import { renderHook, act } from '@testing-library/react'
+import { useModelConfig } from './use-model-config'
+
+describe('useModelConfig', () => {
+  it('should initialize with default values', () => {
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useModelConfig({
+      hasFetchedDetail: false,
+    }))
+
+    expect(result.current.modelConfig.provider).toBe('langgenius/openai/openai')
+    expect(result.current.modelModeType).toBe(ModelModeType.unset)
+  })
+
+  it('should update model config', () => {
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => useModelConfig({
+      hasFetchedDetail: true,
+    }))
+
+    act(() => {
+      result.current.setModelConfig({
+        ...result.current.modelConfig,
+        model_id: 'gpt-4',
+      })
+    })
+
+    expect(result.current.modelConfig.model_id).toBe('gpt-4')
+  })
+})
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-code-review/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+name: frontend-code-review
+description: "Trigger when the user requests a review of frontend files (e.g., `.tsx`, `.ts`, `.js`). Support both pending-change reviews and focused file reviews while applying the checklist rules."
+---
+
+# Frontend Code Review
+
+## Intent
+Use this skill whenever the user asks to review frontend code (especially `.tsx`, `.ts`, or `.js` files). Support two review modes:
+
+1. **Pending-change review** – inspect staged/working-tree files slated for commit and flag checklist violations before submission.
+2. **File-targeted review** – review the specific file(s) the user names and report the relevant checklist findings.
+
+Stick to the checklist below for every applicable file and mode.
+
+## Checklist
+See [references/code-quality.md](references/code-quality.md), [references/performance.md](references/performance.md), [references/business-logic.md](references/business-logic.md) for the living checklist split by category—treat it as the canonical set of rules to follow.
+
+Flag each rule violation with urgency metadata so future reviewers can prioritize fixes.
+
+## Review Process
+1. Open the relevant component/module. Gather lines that relate to class names, React Flow hooks, prop memoization, and styling.
+2. For each rule in the review point, note where the code deviates and capture a representative snippet.
+3. Compose the review section per the template below. Group violations first by **Urgent** flag, then by category order (Code Quality, Performance, Business Logic).
+
+## Required output
+When invoked, the response must exactly follow one of the two templates:
+
+### Template A (any findings)
+```
+# Code review
+Found <N> urgent issues need to be fixed:
+
+## 1 <brief description of bug>
+FilePath: <path> line <line>
+<relevant code snippet or pointer>
+
+
+### Suggested fix
+<brief description of suggested fix>
+
+---
+... (repeat for each urgent issue) ...
+
+Found <M> suggestions for improvement:
+
+## 1 <brief description of suggestion>
+FilePath: <path> line <line>
+<relevant code snippet or pointer>
+
+
+### Suggested fix
+<brief description of suggested fix>
+
+---
+
+... (repeat for each suggestion) ...
+```
+
+If there are no urgent issues, omit that section. If there are no suggestions, omit that section.
+
+If the issue number is more than 10, summarize as "10+ urgent issues" or "10+ suggestions" and just output the first 10 issues.
+
+Don't compress the blank lines between sections; keep them as-is for readability.
+
+If you use Template A (i.e., there are issues to fix) and at least one issue requires code changes, append a brief follow-up question after the structured output asking whether the user wants you to apply the suggested fix(es). For example: "Would you like me to use the Suggested fix section to address these issues?"
+
+### Template B (no issues)
+```
+## Code review
+No issues found.
+```
+

.claude/skills/frontend-code-review/references/business-logic.md

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Rule Catalog — Business Logic
+
+## Can't use workflowStore in Node components
+
+IsUrgent: True
+
+### Description
+
+File path pattern of node components: `web/app/components/workflow/nodes/[nodeName]/node.tsx`
+
+Node components are also used when creating a RAG Pipe from a template, but in that context there is no workflowStore Provider, which results in a blank screen. [This Issue](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/issues/29168) was caused by exactly this reason.
+
+### Suggested Fix
+
+Use `import { useNodes } from 'reactflow'` instead of `import useNodes from '@/app/components/workflow/store/workflow/use-nodes'`.

.claude/skills/frontend-code-review/references/code-quality.md

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+# Rule Catalog — Code Quality
+
+## Conditional class names use utility function
+
+IsUrgent: True
+Category: Code Quality
+
+### Description
+
+Ensure conditional CSS is handled via the shared `classNames` instead of custom ternaries, string concatenation, or template strings. Centralizing class logic keeps components consistent and easier to maintain.
+
+### Suggested Fix
+
+```ts
+import { cn } from '@/utils/classnames'
+const classNames = cn(isActive ? 'text-primary-600' : 'text-gray-500')
+```
+
+## Tailwind-first styling
+
+IsUrgent: True
+Category: Code Quality
+
+### Description
+
+Favor Tailwind CSS utility classes instead of adding new `.module.css` files unless a Tailwind combination cannot achieve the required styling. Keeping styles in Tailwind improves consistency and reduces maintenance overhead.
+
+Update this file when adding, editing, or removing Code Quality rules so the catalog remains accurate.
+
+## Classname ordering for easy overrides
+
+### Description
+
+When writing components, always place the incoming `className` prop after the component’s own class values so that downstream consumers can override or extend the styling. This keeps your component’s defaults but still lets external callers change or remove specific styles.
+
+Example:
+
+```tsx
+import { cn } from '@/utils/classnames'
+
+const Button = ({ className }) => {
+  return <div className={cn('bg-primary-600', className)}></div>
+}
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-code-review/references/performance.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# Rule Catalog — Performance
+
+## React Flow data usage
+
+IsUrgent: True
+Category: Performance
+
+### Description
+
+When rendering React Flow, prefer `useNodes`/`useEdges` for UI consumption and rely on `useStoreApi` inside callbacks that mutate or read node/edge state. Avoid manually pulling Flow data outside of these hooks.
+
+## Complex prop memoization
+
+IsUrgent: True
+Category: Performance
+
+### Description
+
+Wrap complex prop values (objects, arrays, maps) in `useMemo` prior to passing them into child components to guarantee stable references and prevent unnecessary renders.
+
+Update this file when adding, editing, or removing Performance rules so the catalog remains accurate.
+
+Wrong:
+
+```tsx
+<HeavyComp
+    config={{
+        provider: ...,
+        detail: ...
+    }}
+/>
+```
+
+Right:
+
+```tsx
+const config = useMemo(() => ({
+    provider: ...,
+    detail: ...
+}), [provider, detail]);
+
+<HeavyComp
+    config={config}
+/>
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+---
+name: frontend-testing
+description: Generate Vitest + React Testing Library tests for Dify frontend components, hooks, and utilities. Triggers on testing, spec files, coverage, Vitest, RTL, unit tests, integration tests, or write/review test requests.
+---
+
+# Dify Frontend Testing Skill
+
+This skill enables Claude to generate high-quality, comprehensive frontend tests for the Dify project following established conventions and best practices.
+
+> **⚠️ Authoritative Source**: This skill is derived from `web/testing/testing.md`. Use Vitest mock/timer APIs (`vi.*`).
+
+## When to Apply This Skill
+
+Apply this skill when the user:
+
+- Asks to **write tests** for a component, hook, or utility
+- Asks to **review existing tests** for completeness
+- Mentions **Vitest**, **React Testing Library**, **RTL**, or **spec files**
+- Requests **test coverage** improvement
+- Uses `pnpm analyze-component` output as context
+- Mentions **testing**, **unit tests**, or **integration tests** for frontend code
+- Wants to understand **testing patterns** in the Dify codebase
+
+**Do NOT apply** when:
+
+- User is asking about backend/API tests (Python/pytest)
+- User is asking about E2E tests (Playwright/Cypress)
+- User is only asking conceptual questions without code context
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+### Tech Stack
+
+| Tool | Version | Purpose |
+|------|---------|---------|
+| Vitest | 4.0.16 | Test runner |
+| React Testing Library | 16.0 | Component testing |
+| jsdom | - | Test environment |
+| nock | 14.0 | HTTP mocking |
+| TypeScript | 5.x | Type safety |
+
+### Key Commands
+
+```bash
+# Run all tests
+pnpm test
+
+# Watch mode
+pnpm test:watch
+
+# Run specific file
+pnpm test path/to/file.spec.tsx
+
+# Generate coverage report
+pnpm test:coverage
+
+# Analyze component complexity
+pnpm analyze-component <path>
+
+# Review existing test
+pnpm analyze-component <path> --review
+```
+
+### File Naming
+
+- Test files: `ComponentName.spec.tsx` (same directory as component)
+- Integration tests: `web/__tests__/` directory
+
+## Test Structure Template
+
+```typescript
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import Component from './index'
+
+// ✅ Import real project components (DO NOT mock these)
+// import Loading from '@/app/components/base/loading'
+// import { ChildComponent } from './child-component'
+
+// ✅ Mock external dependencies only
+vi.mock('@/service/api')
+vi.mock('next/navigation', () => ({
+  useRouter: () => ({ push: vi.fn() }),
+  usePathname: () => '/test',
+}))
+
+// Shared state for mocks (if needed)
+let mockSharedState = false
+
+describe('ComponentName', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()  // ✅ Reset mocks BEFORE each test
+    mockSharedState = false  // ✅ Reset shared state
+  })
+
+  // Rendering tests (REQUIRED)
+  describe('Rendering', () => {
+    it('should render without crashing', () => {
+      // Arrange
+      const props = { title: 'Test' }
+      
+      // Act
+      render(<Component {...props} />)
+      
+      // Assert
+      expect(screen.getByText('Test')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // Props tests (REQUIRED)
+  describe('Props', () => {
+    it('should apply custom className', () => {
+      render(<Component className="custom" />)
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toHaveClass('custom')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // User Interactions
+  describe('User Interactions', () => {
+    it('should handle click events', () => {
+      const handleClick = vi.fn()
+      render(<Component onClick={handleClick} />)
+      
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+      
+      expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // Edge Cases (REQUIRED)
+  describe('Edge Cases', () => {
+    it('should handle null data', () => {
+      render(<Component data={null} />)
+      expect(screen.getByText(/no data/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle empty array', () => {
+      render(<Component items={[]} />)
+      expect(screen.getByText(/empty/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Testing Workflow (CRITICAL)
+
+### ⚠️ Incremental Approach Required
+
+**NEVER generate all test files at once.** For complex components or multi-file directories:
+
+1. **Analyze & Plan**: List all files, order by complexity (simple → complex)
+1. **Process ONE at a time**: Write test → Run test → Fix if needed → Next
+1. **Verify before proceeding**: Do NOT continue to next file until current passes
+
+```
+For each file:
+  ┌────────────────────────────────────────┐
+  │ 1. Write test                          │
+  │ 2. Run: pnpm test <file>.spec.tsx      │
+  │ 3. PASS? → Mark complete, next file    │
+  │    FAIL? → Fix first, then continue    │
+  └────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+### Complexity-Based Order
+
+Process in this order for multi-file testing:
+
+1. 🟢 Utility functions (simplest)
+1. 🟢 Custom hooks
+1. 🟡 Simple components (presentational)
+1. 🟡 Medium components (state, effects)
+1. 🔴 Complex components (API, routing)
+1. 🔴 Integration tests (index files - last)
+
+### When to Refactor First
+
+- **Complexity > 50**: Break into smaller pieces before testing
+- **500+ lines**: Consider splitting before testing
+- **Many dependencies**: Extract logic into hooks first
+
+> 📖 See `references/workflow.md` for complete workflow details and todo list format.
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+### Path-Level Testing (Directory Testing)
+
+When assigned to test a directory/path, test **ALL content** within that path:
+
+- Test all components, hooks, utilities in the directory (not just `index` file)
+- Use incremental approach: one file at a time, verify each before proceeding
+- Goal: 100% coverage of ALL files in the directory
+
+### Integration Testing First
+
+**Prefer integration testing** when writing tests for a directory:
+
+- ✅ **Import real project components** directly (including base components and siblings)
+- ✅ **Only mock**: API services (`@/service/*`), `next/navigation`, complex context providers
+- ❌ **DO NOT mock** base components (`@/app/components/base/*`)
+- ❌ **DO NOT mock** sibling/child components in the same directory
+
+> See [Test Structure Template](#test-structure-template) for correct import/mock patterns.
+
+## Core Principles
+
+### 1. AAA Pattern (Arrange-Act-Assert)
+
+Every test should clearly separate:
+
+- **Arrange**: Setup test data and render component
+- **Act**: Perform user actions
+- **Assert**: Verify expected outcomes
+
+### 2. Black-Box Testing
+
+- Test observable behavior, not implementation details
+- Use semantic queries (getByRole, getByLabelText)
+- Avoid testing internal state directly
+- **Prefer pattern matching over hardcoded strings** in assertions:
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Avoid: hardcoded text assertions
+expect(screen.getByText('Loading...')).toBeInTheDocument()
+
+// ✅ Better: role-based queries
+expect(screen.getByRole('status')).toBeInTheDocument()
+
+// ✅ Better: pattern matching
+expect(screen.getByText(/loading/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+```
+
+### 3. Single Behavior Per Test
+
+Each test verifies ONE user-observable behavior:
+
+```typescript
+// ✅ Good: One behavior
+it('should disable button when loading', () => {
+  render(<Button loading />)
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toBeDisabled()
+})
+
+// ❌ Bad: Multiple behaviors
+it('should handle loading state', () => {
+  render(<Button loading />)
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toBeDisabled()
+  expect(screen.getByText('Loading...')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toHaveClass('loading')
+})
+```
+
+### 4. Semantic Naming
+
+Use `should <behavior> when <condition>`:
+
+```typescript
+it('should show error message when validation fails')
+it('should call onSubmit when form is valid')
+it('should disable input when isReadOnly is true')
+```
+
+## Required Test Scenarios
+
+### Always Required (All Components)
+
+1. **Rendering**: Component renders without crashing
+1. **Props**: Required props, optional props, default values
+1. **Edge Cases**: null, undefined, empty values, boundary conditions
+
+### Conditional (When Present)
+
+| Feature | Test Focus |
+|---------|-----------|
+| `useState` | Initial state, transitions, cleanup |
+| `useEffect` | Execution, dependencies, cleanup |
+| Event handlers | All onClick, onChange, onSubmit, keyboard |
+| API calls | Loading, success, error states |
+| Routing | Navigation, params, query strings |
+| `useCallback`/`useMemo` | Referential equality |
+| Context | Provider values, consumer behavior |
+| Forms | Validation, submission, error display |
+
+## Coverage Goals (Per File)
+
+For each test file generated, aim for:
+
+- ✅ **100%** function coverage
+- ✅ **100%** statement coverage
+- ✅ **>95%** branch coverage
+- ✅ **>95%** line coverage
+
+> **Note**: For multi-file directories, process one file at a time with full coverage each. See `references/workflow.md`.
+
+## Detailed Guides
+
+For more detailed information, refer to:
+
+- `references/workflow.md` - **Incremental testing workflow** (MUST READ for multi-file testing)
+- `references/mocking.md` - Mock patterns and best practices
+- `references/async-testing.md` - Async operations and API calls
+- `references/domain-components.md` - Workflow, Dataset, Configuration testing
+- `references/common-patterns.md` - Frequently used testing patterns
+- `references/checklist.md` - Test generation checklist and validation steps
+
+## Authoritative References
+
+### Primary Specification (MUST follow)
+
+- **`web/testing/testing.md`** - The canonical testing specification. This skill is derived from this document.
+
+### Reference Examples in Codebase
+
+- `web/utils/classnames.spec.ts` - Utility function tests
+- `web/app/components/base/button/index.spec.tsx` - Component tests
+- `web/__mocks__/provider-context.ts` - Mock factory example
+
+### Project Configuration
+
+- `web/vitest.config.ts` - Vitest configuration
+- `web/vitest.setup.ts` - Test environment setup
+- `web/scripts/analyze-component.js` - Component analysis tool
+- Modules are not mocked automatically. Global mocks live in `web/vitest.setup.ts` (for example `react-i18next`, `next/image`); mock other modules like `ky` or `mime` locally in test files.

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/assets/component-test.template.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+/**
+ * Test Template for React Components
+ *
+ * WHY THIS STRUCTURE?
+ * - Organized sections make tests easy to navigate and maintain
+ * - Mocks at top ensure consistent test isolation
+ * - Factory functions reduce duplication and improve readability
+ * - describe blocks group related scenarios for better debugging
+ *
+ * INSTRUCTIONS:
+ * 1. Replace `ComponentName` with your component name
+ * 2. Update import path
+ * 3. Add/remove test sections based on component features (use analyze-component)
+ * 4. Follow AAA pattern: Arrange → Act → Assert
+ *
+ * RUN FIRST: pnpm analyze-component <path> to identify required test scenarios
+ */
+
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
+// import ComponentName from './index'
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Mocks
+// ============================================================================
+// WHY: Mocks must be hoisted to top of file (Vitest requirement).
+// They run BEFORE imports, so keep them before component imports.
+
+// i18n (automatically mocked)
+// WHY: Global mock in web/vitest.setup.ts is auto-loaded by Vitest setup
+// The global mock provides: useTranslation, Trans, useMixedTranslation, useGetLanguage
+// No explicit mock needed for most tests
+//
+// Override only if custom translations are required:
+// import { createReactI18nextMock } from '@/test/i18n-mock'
+// vi.mock('react-i18next', () => createReactI18nextMock({
+//   'my.custom.key': 'Custom Translation',
+//   'button.save': 'Save',
+// }))
+
+// Router (if component uses useRouter, usePathname, useSearchParams)
+// WHY: Isolates tests from Next.js routing, enables testing navigation behavior
+// const mockPush = vi.fn()
+// vi.mock('next/navigation', () => ({
+//   useRouter: () => ({ push: mockPush }),
+//   usePathname: () => '/test-path',
+// }))
+
+// API services (if component fetches data)
+// WHY: Prevents real network calls, enables testing all states (loading/success/error)
+// vi.mock('@/service/api')
+// import * as api from '@/service/api'
+// const mockedApi = vi.mocked(api)
+
+// Shared mock state (for portal/dropdown components)
+// WHY: Portal components like PortalToFollowElem need shared state between
+// parent and child mocks to correctly simulate open/close behavior
+// let mockOpenState = false
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Test Data Factories
+// ============================================================================
+// WHY FACTORIES?
+// - Avoid hard-coded test data scattered across tests
+// - Easy to create variations with overrides
+// - Type-safe when using actual types from source
+// - Single source of truth for default test values
+
+// const createMockProps = (overrides = {}) => ({
+//   // Default props that make component render successfully
+//   ...overrides,
+// })
+
+// const createMockItem = (overrides = {}) => ({
+//   id: 'item-1',
+//   name: 'Test Item',
+//   ...overrides,
+// })
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Test Helpers
+// ============================================================================
+
+// const renderComponent = (props = {}) => {
+//   return render(<ComponentName {...createMockProps(props)} />)
+// }
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Tests
+// ============================================================================
+
+describe('ComponentName', () => {
+  // WHY beforeEach with clearAllMocks?
+  // - Ensures each test starts with clean slate
+  // - Prevents mock call history from leaking between tests
+  // - MUST be beforeEach (not afterEach) to reset BEFORE assertions like toHaveBeenCalledTimes
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    // Reset shared mock state if used (CRITICAL for portal/dropdown tests)
+    // mockOpenState = false
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Rendering Tests (REQUIRED - Every component MUST have these)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Catches import errors, missing providers, and basic render issues
+  describe('Rendering', () => {
+    it('should render without crashing', () => {
+      // Arrange - Setup data and mocks
+      // const props = createMockProps()
+
+      // Act - Render the component
+      // render(<ComponentName {...props} />)
+
+      // Assert - Verify expected output
+      // Prefer getByRole for accessibility; it's what users "see"
+      // expect(screen.getByRole('...')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should render with default props', () => {
+      // WHY: Verifies component works without optional props
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      // expect(screen.getByText('...')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Props Tests (REQUIRED - Every component MUST test prop behavior)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Props are the component's API contract. Test them thoroughly.
+  describe('Props', () => {
+    it('should apply custom className', () => {
+      // WHY: Common pattern in Dify - components should merge custom classes
+      // render(<ComponentName className="custom-class" />)
+      // expect(screen.getByTestId('component')).toHaveClass('custom-class')
+    })
+
+    it('should use default values for optional props', () => {
+      // WHY: Verifies TypeScript defaults work at runtime
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      // expect(screen.getByRole('...')).toHaveAttribute('...', 'default-value')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // User Interactions (if component has event handlers - on*, handle*)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Event handlers are core functionality. Test from user's perspective.
+  describe('User Interactions', () => {
+    it('should call onClick when clicked', async () => {
+      // WHY userEvent over fireEvent?
+      // - userEvent simulates real user behavior (focus, hover, then click)
+      // - fireEvent is lower-level, doesn't trigger all browser events
+      // const user = userEvent.setup()
+      // const handleClick = vi.fn()
+      // render(<ComponentName onClick={handleClick} />)
+      //
+      // await user.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+      //
+      // expect(handleClick).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+    })
+
+    it('should call onChange when value changes', async () => {
+      // const user = userEvent.setup()
+      // const handleChange = vi.fn()
+      // render(<ComponentName onChange={handleChange} />)
+      //
+      // await user.type(screen.getByRole('textbox'), 'new value')
+      //
+      // expect(handleChange).toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // State Management (if component uses useState/useReducer)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Test state through observable UI changes, not internal state values
+  describe('State Management', () => {
+    it('should update state on interaction', async () => {
+      // WHY test via UI, not state?
+      // - State is implementation detail; UI is what users see
+      // - If UI works correctly, state must be correct
+      // const user = userEvent.setup()
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      //
+      // // Initial state - verify what user sees
+      // expect(screen.getByText('Initial')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      //
+      // // Trigger state change via user action
+      // await user.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+      //
+      // // New state - verify UI updated
+      // expect(screen.getByText('Updated')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Async Operations (if component fetches data - useQuery, fetch)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Async operations have 3 states users experience: loading, success, error
+  describe('Async Operations', () => {
+    it('should show loading state', () => {
+      // WHY never-resolving promise?
+      // - Keeps component in loading state for assertion
+      // - Alternative: use fake timers
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockImplementation(() => new Promise(() => {}))
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      //
+      // expect(screen.getByText(/loading/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should show data on success', async () => {
+      // WHY waitFor?
+      // - Component updates asynchronously after fetch resolves
+      // - waitFor retries assertion until it passes or times out
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ items: ['Item 1'] })
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      //
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(screen.getByText('Item 1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      // })
+    })
+
+    it('should show error on failure', async () => {
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Network error'))
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      //
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(screen.getByText(/error/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      // })
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Edge Cases (REQUIRED - Every component MUST handle edge cases)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Real-world data is messy. Components must handle:
+  // - Null/undefined from API failures or optional fields
+  // - Empty arrays/strings from user clearing data
+  // - Boundary values (0, MAX_INT, special characters)
+  describe('Edge Cases', () => {
+    it('should handle null value', () => {
+      // WHY test null specifically?
+      // - API might return null for missing data
+      // - Prevents "Cannot read property of null" in production
+      // render(<ComponentName value={null} />)
+      // expect(screen.getByText(/no data/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle undefined value', () => {
+      // WHY test undefined separately from null?
+      // - TypeScript treats them differently
+      // - Optional props are undefined, not null
+      // render(<ComponentName value={undefined} />)
+      // expect(screen.getByText(/no data/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle empty array', () => {
+      // WHY: Empty state often needs special UI (e.g., "No items yet")
+      // render(<ComponentName items={[]} />)
+      // expect(screen.getByText(/empty/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle empty string', () => {
+      // WHY: Empty strings are truthy in JS but visually empty
+      // render(<ComponentName text="" />)
+      // expect(screen.getByText(/placeholder/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Accessibility (optional but recommended for Dify's enterprise users)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // WHY: Dify has enterprise customers who may require accessibility compliance
+  describe('Accessibility', () => {
+    it('should have accessible name', () => {
+      // WHY getByRole with name?
+      // - Tests that screen readers can identify the element
+      // - Enforces proper labeling practices
+      // render(<ComponentName label="Test Label" />)
+      // expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /test label/i })).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should support keyboard navigation', async () => {
+      // WHY: Some users can't use a mouse
+      // const user = userEvent.setup()
+      // render(<ComponentName />)
+      //
+      // await user.tab()
+      // expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toHaveFocus()
+    })
+  })
+})

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/assets/hook-test.template.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+/**
+ * Test Template for Custom Hooks
+ *
+ * Instructions:
+ * 1. Replace `useHookName` with your hook name
+ * 2. Update import path
+ * 3. Add/remove test sections based on hook features
+ */
+
+import { renderHook, act, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+// import { useHookName } from './use-hook-name'
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Mocks
+// ============================================================================
+
+// API services (if hook fetches data)
+// vi.mock('@/service/api')
+// import * as api from '@/service/api'
+// const mockedApi = vi.mocked(api)
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Test Helpers
+// ============================================================================
+
+// Wrapper for hooks that need context
+// const createWrapper = (contextValue = {}) => {
+//   return ({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) => (
+//     <SomeContext.Provider value={contextValue}>
+//       {children}
+//     </SomeContext.Provider>
+//   )
+// }
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Tests
+// ============================================================================
+
+describe('useHookName', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Initial State
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Initial State', () => {
+    it('should return initial state', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe(initialValue)
+      // expect(result.current.isLoading).toBe(false)
+    })
+
+    it('should accept initial value from props', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName({ initialValue: 'custom' }))
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe('custom')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // State Updates
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('State Updates', () => {
+    it('should update value when setValue is called', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // act(() => {
+      //   result.current.setValue('new value')
+      // })
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe('new value')
+    })
+
+    it('should reset to initial value', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName({ initialValue: 'initial' }))
+      //
+      // act(() => {
+      //   result.current.setValue('changed')
+      // })
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe('changed')
+      //
+      // act(() => {
+      //   result.current.reset()
+      // })
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe('initial')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Async Operations
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Async Operations', () => {
+    it('should fetch data on mount', async () => {
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ data: 'test' })
+      //
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // // Initially loading
+      // expect(result.current.isLoading).toBe(true)
+      //
+      // // Wait for data
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(result.current.isLoading).toBe(false)
+      // })
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.data).toEqual({ data: 'test' })
+    })
+
+    it('should handle fetch error', async () => {
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Network error'))
+      //
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(result.current.error).toBeTruthy()
+      // })
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.error?.message).toBe('Network error')
+    })
+
+    it('should refetch when dependency changes', async () => {
+      // mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ data: 'test' })
+      //
+      // const { result, rerender } = renderHook(
+      //   ({ id }) => useHookName(id),
+      //   { initialProps: { id: '1' } }
+      // )
+      //
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(mockedApi.fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1')
+      // })
+      //
+      // rerender({ id: '2' })
+      //
+      // await waitFor(() => {
+      //   expect(mockedApi.fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2')
+      // })
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Side Effects
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Side Effects', () => {
+    it('should call callback when value changes', () => {
+      // const callback = vi.fn()
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName({ onChange: callback }))
+      //
+      // act(() => {
+      //   result.current.setValue('new value')
+      // })
+      //
+      // expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledWith('new value')
+    })
+
+    it('should cleanup on unmount', () => {
+      // const cleanup = vi.fn()
+      // vi.spyOn(window, 'addEventListener')
+      // vi.spyOn(window, 'removeEventListener')
+      //
+      // const { unmount } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // expect(window.addEventListener).toHaveBeenCalled()
+      //
+      // unmount()
+      //
+      // expect(window.removeEventListener).toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Edge Cases
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Edge Cases', () => {
+    it('should handle null input', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName(null))
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBeNull()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle rapid updates', () => {
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName())
+      //
+      // act(() => {
+      //   result.current.setValue('1')
+      //   result.current.setValue('2')
+      //   result.current.setValue('3')
+      // })
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.value).toBe('3')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // With Context (if hook uses context)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('With Context', () => {
+    it('should use context value', () => {
+      // const wrapper = createWrapper({ someValue: 'context-value' })
+      // const { result } = renderHook(() => useHookName(), { wrapper })
+      //
+      // expect(result.current.contextValue).toBe('context-value')
+    })
+  })
+})

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/assets/utility-test.template.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+/**
+ * Test Template for Utility Functions
+ *
+ * Instructions:
+ * 1. Replace `utilityFunction` with your function name
+ * 2. Update import path
+ * 3. Use test.each for data-driven tests
+ */
+
+// import { utilityFunction } from './utility'
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Tests
+// ============================================================================
+
+describe('utilityFunction', () => {
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Basic Functionality
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Basic Functionality', () => {
+    it('should return expected result for valid input', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction('input')).toBe('expected-output')
+    })
+
+    it('should handle multiple arguments', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction('a', 'b', 'c')).toBe('abc')
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Data-Driven Tests
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Input/Output Mapping', () => {
+    test.each([
+      // [input, expected]
+      ['input1', 'output1'],
+      ['input2', 'output2'],
+      ['input3', 'output3'],
+    ])('should return %s for input %s', (input, expected) => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(input)).toBe(expected)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Edge Cases
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Edge Cases', () => {
+    it('should handle empty string', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction('')).toBe('')
+    })
+
+    it('should handle null', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(null)).toBe(null)
+      // or
+      // expect(() => utilityFunction(null)).toThrow()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle undefined', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(undefined)).toBe(undefined)
+      // or
+      // expect(() => utilityFunction(undefined)).toThrow()
+    })
+
+    it('should handle empty array', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction([])).toEqual([])
+    })
+
+    it('should handle empty object', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction({})).toEqual({})
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Boundary Conditions
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Boundary Conditions', () => {
+    it('should handle minimum value', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(0)).toBe(0)
+    })
+
+    it('should handle maximum value', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER)).toBe(...)
+    })
+
+    it('should handle negative numbers', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(-1)).toBe(...)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Type Coercion (if applicable)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Type Handling', () => {
+    it('should handle numeric string', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction('123')).toBe(123)
+    })
+
+    it('should handle boolean', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(true)).toBe(...)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Error Cases
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Error Handling', () => {
+    it('should throw for invalid input', () => {
+      // expect(() => utilityFunction('invalid')).toThrow('Error message')
+    })
+
+    it('should throw with specific error type', () => {
+      // expect(() => utilityFunction('invalid')).toThrow(ValidationError)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Complex Objects (if applicable)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Object Handling', () => {
+    it('should preserve object structure', () => {
+      // const input = { a: 1, b: 2 }
+      // expect(utilityFunction(input)).toEqual({ a: 1, b: 2 })
+    })
+
+    it('should handle nested objects', () => {
+      // const input = { nested: { deep: 'value' } }
+      // expect(utilityFunction(input)).toEqual({ nested: { deep: 'transformed' } })
+    })
+
+    it('should not mutate input', () => {
+      // const input = { a: 1 }
+      // const inputCopy = { ...input }
+      // utilityFunction(input)
+      // expect(input).toEqual(inputCopy)
+    })
+  })
+
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  // Array Handling (if applicable)
+  // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  describe('Array Handling', () => {
+    it('should process all elements', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction([1, 2, 3])).toEqual([2, 4, 6])
+    })
+
+    it('should handle single element array', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction([1])).toEqual([2])
+    })
+
+    it('should preserve order', () => {
+      // expect(utilityFunction(['c', 'a', 'b'])).toEqual(['c', 'a', 'b'])
+    })
+  })
+})

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/async-testing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+# Async Testing Guide
+
+## Core Async Patterns
+
+### 1. waitFor - Wait for Condition
+
+```typescript
+import { render, screen, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+
+it('should load and display data', async () => {
+  render(<DataComponent />)
+  
+  // Wait for element to appear
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.getByText('Loaded Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+
+it('should hide loading spinner after load', async () => {
+  render(<DataComponent />)
+  
+  // Wait for element to disappear
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Loading...')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 2. findBy\* - Async Queries
+
+```typescript
+it('should show user name after fetch', async () => {
+  render(<UserProfile />)
+  
+  // findBy returns a promise, auto-waits up to 1000ms
+  const userName = await screen.findByText('John Doe')
+  expect(userName).toBeInTheDocument()
+  
+  // findByRole with options
+  const button = await screen.findByRole('button', { name: /submit/i })
+  expect(button).toBeEnabled()
+})
+```
+
+### 3. userEvent for Async Interactions
+
+```typescript
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
+
+it('should submit form', async () => {
+  const user = userEvent.setup()
+  const onSubmit = vi.fn()
+  
+  render(<Form onSubmit={onSubmit} />)
+  
+  // userEvent methods are async
+  await user.type(screen.getByLabelText('Email'), 'test@example.com')
+  await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i }))
+  
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ email: 'test@example.com' })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Fake Timers
+
+### When to Use Fake Timers
+
+- Testing components with `setTimeout`/`setInterval`
+- Testing debounce/throttle behavior
+- Testing animations or delayed transitions
+- Testing polling or retry logic
+
+### Basic Fake Timer Setup
+
+```typescript
+describe('Debounced Search', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.useFakeTimers()
+  })
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    vi.useRealTimers()
+  })
+
+  it('should debounce search input', async () => {
+    const onSearch = vi.fn()
+    render(<SearchInput onSearch={onSearch} debounceMs={300} />)
+    
+    // Type in the input
+    fireEvent.change(screen.getByRole('textbox'), { target: { value: 'query' } })
+    
+    // Search not called immediately
+    expect(onSearch).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    
+    // Advance timers
+    vi.advanceTimersByTime(300)
+    
+    // Now search is called
+    expect(onSearch).toHaveBeenCalledWith('query')
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Fake Timers with Async Code
+
+```typescript
+it('should retry on failure', async () => {
+  vi.useFakeTimers()
+  const fetchData = vi.fn()
+    .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('Network error'))
+    .mockResolvedValueOnce({ data: 'success' })
+  
+  render(<RetryComponent fetchData={fetchData} retryDelayMs={1000} />)
+  
+  // First call fails
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+  
+  // Advance timer for retry
+  vi.advanceTimersByTime(1000)
+  
+  // Second call succeeds
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+    expect(screen.getByText('success')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+  
+  vi.useRealTimers()
+})
+```
+
+### Common Fake Timer Utilities
+
+```typescript
+// Run all pending timers
+vi.runAllTimers()
+
+// Run only pending timers (not new ones created during execution)
+vi.runOnlyPendingTimers()
+
+// Advance by specific time
+vi.advanceTimersByTime(1000)
+
+// Get current fake time
+Date.now()
+
+// Clear all timers
+vi.clearAllTimers()
+```
+
+## API Testing Patterns
+
+### Loading → Success → Error States
+
+```typescript
+describe('DataFetcher', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  it('should show loading state', () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockImplementation(() => new Promise(() => {})) // Never resolves
+    
+    render(<DataFetcher />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('loading-spinner')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should show data on success', async () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ items: ['Item 1', 'Item 2'] })
+    
+    render(<DataFetcher />)
+    
+    // Use findBy* for multiple async elements (better error messages than waitFor with multiple assertions)
+    const item1 = await screen.findByText('Item 1')
+    const item2 = await screen.findByText('Item 2')
+    expect(item1).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(item2).toBeInTheDocument()
+    
+    expect(screen.queryByTestId('loading-spinner')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should show error on failure', async () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Failed to fetch'))
+    
+    render(<DataFetcher />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText(/failed to fetch/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should retry on error', async () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Network error'))
+    
+    render(<DataFetcher />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /retry/i })).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+    
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ items: ['Item 1'] })
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /retry/i }))
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText('Item 1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Testing Mutations
+
+```typescript
+it('should submit form and show success', async () => {
+  const user = userEvent.setup()
+  mockedApi.createItem.mockResolvedValue({ id: '1', name: 'New Item' })
+  
+  render(<CreateItemForm />)
+  
+  await user.type(screen.getByLabelText('Name'), 'New Item')
+  await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /create/i }))
+  
+  // Button should be disabled during submission
+  expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /creating/i })).toBeDisabled()
+  
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.getByText(/created successfully/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+  
+  expect(mockedApi.createItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith({ name: 'New Item' })
+})
+```
+
+## useEffect Testing
+
+### Testing Effect Execution
+
+```typescript
+it('should fetch data on mount', async () => {
+  const fetchData = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ data: 'test' })
+  
+  render(<ComponentWithEffect fetchData={fetchData} />)
+  
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Testing Effect Dependencies
+
+```typescript
+it('should refetch when id changes', async () => {
+  const fetchData = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({ data: 'test' })
+  
+  const { rerender } = render(<ComponentWithEffect id="1" fetchData={fetchData} />)
+  
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledWith('1')
+  })
+  
+  rerender(<ComponentWithEffect id="2" fetchData={fetchData} />)
+  
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledWith('2')
+    expect(fetchData).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2)
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Testing Effect Cleanup
+
+```typescript
+it('should cleanup subscription on unmount', () => {
+  const subscribe = vi.fn()
+  const unsubscribe = vi.fn()
+  subscribe.mockReturnValue(unsubscribe)
+  
+  const { unmount } = render(<SubscriptionComponent subscribe={subscribe} />)
+  
+  expect(subscribe).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+  
+  unmount()
+  
+  expect(unsubscribe).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
+})
+```
+
+## Common Async Pitfalls
+
+### ❌ Don't: Forget to await
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - test may pass even if assertion fails
+it('should load data', () => {
+  render(<Component />)
+  waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+
+// Good - properly awaited
+it('should load data', async () => {
+  render(<Component />)
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't: Use multiple assertions in single waitFor
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - if first assertion fails, won't know about second
+await waitFor(() => {
+  expect(screen.getByText('Title')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  expect(screen.getByText('Description')).toBeInTheDocument()
+})
+
+// Good - separate waitFor or use findBy
+const title = await screen.findByText('Title')
+const description = await screen.findByText('Description')
+expect(title).toBeInTheDocument()
+expect(description).toBeInTheDocument()
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't: Mix fake timers with real async
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - fake timers don't work well with real Promises
+vi.useFakeTimers()
+await waitFor(() => {
+  expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+}) // May timeout!
+
+// Good - use runAllTimers or advanceTimersByTime
+vi.useFakeTimers()
+render(<Component />)
+vi.runAllTimers()
+expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/checklist.md

@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+# Test Generation Checklist
+
+Use this checklist when generating or reviewing tests for Dify frontend components.
+
+## Pre-Generation
+
+- [ ] Read the component source code completely
+- [ ] Identify component type (component, hook, utility, page)
+- [ ] Run `pnpm analyze-component <path>` if available
+- [ ] Note complexity score and features detected
+- [ ] Check for existing tests in the same directory
+- [ ] **Identify ALL files in the directory** that need testing (not just index)
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+### ⚠️ Incremental Workflow (CRITICAL for Multi-File)
+
+- [ ] **NEVER generate all tests at once** - process one file at a time
+- [ ] Order files by complexity: utilities → hooks → simple → complex → integration
+- [ ] Create a todo list to track progress before starting
+- [ ] For EACH file: write → run test → verify pass → then next
+- [ ] **DO NOT proceed** to next file until current one passes
+
+### Path-Level Coverage
+
+- [ ] **Test ALL files** in the assigned directory/path
+- [ ] List all components, hooks, utilities that need coverage
+- [ ] Decide: single spec file (integration) or multiple spec files (unit)
+
+### Complexity Assessment
+
+- [ ] Run `pnpm analyze-component <path>` for complexity score
+- [ ] **Complexity > 50**: Consider refactoring before testing
+- [ ] **500+ lines**: Consider splitting before testing
+- [ ] **30-50 complexity**: Use multiple describe blocks, organized structure
+
+### Integration vs Mocking
+
+- [ ] **DO NOT mock base components** (`Loading`, `Button`, `Tooltip`, etc.)
+- [ ] Import real project components instead of mocking
+- [ ] Only mock: API calls, complex context providers, third-party libs with side effects
+- [ ] Prefer integration testing when using single spec file
+
+## Required Test Sections
+
+### All Components MUST Have
+
+- [ ] **Rendering tests** - Component renders without crashing
+- [ ] **Props tests** - Required props, optional props, default values
+- [ ] **Edge cases** - null, undefined, empty values, boundaries
+
+### Conditional Sections (Add When Feature Present)
+
+| Feature | Add Tests For |
+|---------|---------------|
+| `useState` | Initial state, transitions, cleanup |
+| `useEffect` | Execution, dependencies, cleanup |
+| Event handlers | onClick, onChange, onSubmit, keyboard |
+| API calls | Loading, success, error states |
+| Routing | Navigation, params, query strings |
+| `useCallback`/`useMemo` | Referential equality |
+| Context | Provider values, consumer behavior |
+| Forms | Validation, submission, error display |
+
+## Code Quality Checklist
+
+### Structure
+
+- [ ] Uses `describe` blocks to group related tests
+- [ ] Test names follow `should <behavior> when <condition>` pattern
+- [ ] AAA pattern (Arrange-Act-Assert) is clear
+- [ ] Comments explain complex test scenarios
+
+### Mocks
+
+- [ ] **DO NOT mock base components** (`@/app/components/base/*`)
+- [ ] `vi.clearAllMocks()` in `beforeEach` (not `afterEach`)
+- [ ] Shared mock state reset in `beforeEach`
+- [ ] i18n uses global mock (auto-loaded in `web/vitest.setup.ts`); only override locally for custom translations
+- [ ] Router mocks match actual Next.js API
+- [ ] Mocks reflect actual component conditional behavior
+- [ ] Only mock: API services, complex context providers, third-party libs
+
+### Queries
+
+- [ ] Prefer semantic queries (`getByRole`, `getByLabelText`)
+- [ ] Use `queryBy*` for absence assertions
+- [ ] Use `findBy*` for async elements
+- [ ] `getByTestId` only as last resort
+
+### Async
+
+- [ ] All async tests use `async/await`
+- [ ] `waitFor` wraps async assertions
+- [ ] Fake timers properly setup/teardown
+- [ ] No floating promises
+
+### TypeScript
+
+- [ ] No `any` types without justification
+- [ ] Mock data uses actual types from source
+- [ ] Factory functions have proper return types
+
+## Coverage Goals (Per File)
+
+For the current file being tested:
+
+- [ ] 100% function coverage
+- [ ] 100% statement coverage
+- [ ] >95% branch coverage
+- [ ] >95% line coverage
+
+## Post-Generation (Per File)
+
+**Run these checks after EACH test file, not just at the end:**
+
+- [ ] Run `pnpm test path/to/file.spec.tsx` - **MUST PASS before next file**
+- [ ] Fix any failures immediately
+- [ ] Mark file as complete in todo list
+- [ ] Only then proceed to next file
+
+### After All Files Complete
+
+- [ ] Run full directory test: `pnpm test path/to/directory/`
+- [ ] Check coverage report: `pnpm test:coverage`
+- [ ] Run `pnpm lint:fix` on all test files
+- [ ] Run `pnpm type-check:tsgo`
+
+## Common Issues to Watch
+
+### False Positives
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Mock doesn't match actual behavior
+vi.mock('./Component', () => () => <div>Mocked</div>)
+
+// ✅ Mock matches actual conditional logic
+vi.mock('./Component', () => ({ isOpen }: any) =>
+  isOpen ? <div>Content</div> : null
+)
+```
+
+### State Leakage
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Shared state not reset
+let mockState = false
+vi.mock('./useHook', () => () => mockState)
+
+// ✅ Reset in beforeEach
+beforeEach(() => {
+  mockState = false
+})
+```
+
+### Async Race Conditions
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Not awaited
+it('loads data', () => {
+  render(<Component />)
+  expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+})
+
+// ✅ Properly awaited
+it('loads data', async () => {
+  render(<Component />)
+  await waitFor(() => {
+    expect(screen.getByText('Data')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Missing Edge Cases
+
+Always test these scenarios:
+
+- `null` / `undefined` inputs
+- Empty strings / arrays / objects
+- Boundary values (0, -1, MAX_INT)
+- Error states
+- Loading states
+- Disabled states
+
+## Quick Commands
+
+```bash
+# Run specific test
+pnpm test path/to/file.spec.tsx
+
+# Run with coverage
+pnpm test:coverage path/to/file.spec.tsx
+
+# Watch mode
+pnpm test:watch path/to/file.spec.tsx
+
+# Update snapshots (use sparingly)
+pnpm test -u path/to/file.spec.tsx
+
+# Analyze component
+pnpm analyze-component path/to/component.tsx
+
+# Review existing test
+pnpm analyze-component path/to/component.tsx --review
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/common-patterns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+# Common Testing Patterns
+
+## Query Priority
+
+Use queries in this order (most to least preferred):
+
+```typescript
+// 1. getByRole - Most recommended (accessibility)
+screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i })
+screen.getByRole('textbox', { name: /email/i })
+screen.getByRole('heading', { level: 1 })
+
+// 2. getByLabelText - Form fields
+screen.getByLabelText('Email address')
+screen.getByLabelText(/password/i)
+
+// 3. getByPlaceholderText - When no label
+screen.getByPlaceholderText('Search...')
+
+// 4. getByText - Non-interactive elements
+screen.getByText('Welcome to Dify')
+screen.getByText(/loading/i)
+
+// 5. getByDisplayValue - Current input value
+screen.getByDisplayValue('current value')
+
+// 6. getByAltText - Images
+screen.getByAltText('Company logo')
+
+// 7. getByTitle - Tooltip elements
+screen.getByTitle('Close')
+
+// 8. getByTestId - Last resort only!
+screen.getByTestId('custom-element')
+```
+
+## Event Handling Patterns
+
+### Click Events
+
+```typescript
+// Basic click
+fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+
+// With userEvent (preferred for realistic interaction)
+const user = userEvent.setup()
+await user.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+
+// Double click
+await user.dblClick(screen.getByRole('button'))
+
+// Right click
+await user.pointer({ keys: '[MouseRight]', target: screen.getByRole('button') })
+```
+
+### Form Input
+
+```typescript
+const user = userEvent.setup()
+
+// Type in input
+await user.type(screen.getByRole('textbox'), 'Hello World')
+
+// Clear and type
+await user.clear(screen.getByRole('textbox'))
+await user.type(screen.getByRole('textbox'), 'New value')
+
+// Select option
+await user.selectOptions(screen.getByRole('combobox'), 'option-value')
+
+// Check checkbox
+await user.click(screen.getByRole('checkbox'))
+
+// Upload file
+const file = new File(['content'], 'test.pdf', { type: 'application/pdf' })
+await user.upload(screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i), file)
+```
+
+### Keyboard Events
+
+```typescript
+const user = userEvent.setup()
+
+// Press Enter
+await user.keyboard('{Enter}')
+
+// Press Escape
+await user.keyboard('{Escape}')
+
+// Keyboard shortcut
+await user.keyboard('{Control>}a{/Control}') // Ctrl+A
+
+// Tab navigation
+await user.tab()
+
+// Arrow keys
+await user.keyboard('{ArrowDown}')
+await user.keyboard('{ArrowUp}')
+```
+
+## Component State Testing
+
+### Testing State Transitions
+
+```typescript
+describe('Counter', () => {
+  it('should increment count', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    render(<Counter initialCount={0} />)
+    
+    // Initial state
+    expect(screen.getByText('Count: 0')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    
+    // Trigger transition
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /increment/i }))
+    
+    // New state
+    expect(screen.getByText('Count: 1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Testing Controlled Components
+
+```typescript
+describe('ControlledInput', () => {
+  it('should call onChange with new value', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const handleChange = vi.fn()
+    
+    render(<ControlledInput value="" onChange={handleChange} />)
+    
+    await user.type(screen.getByRole('textbox'), 'a')
+    
+    expect(handleChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith('a')
+  })
+
+  it('should display controlled value', () => {
+    render(<ControlledInput value="controlled" onChange={vi.fn()} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByRole('textbox')).toHaveValue('controlled')
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Conditional Rendering Testing
+
+```typescript
+describe('ConditionalComponent', () => {
+  it('should show loading state', () => {
+    render(<DataDisplay isLoading={true} data={null} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/loading/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(screen.queryByTestId('data-content')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should show error state', () => {
+    render(<DataDisplay isLoading={false} data={null} error="Failed to load" />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/failed to load/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should show data when loaded', () => {
+    render(<DataDisplay isLoading={false} data={{ name: 'Test' }} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText('Test')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should show empty state when no data', () => {
+    render(<DataDisplay isLoading={false} data={[]} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/no data/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## List Rendering Testing
+
+```typescript
+describe('ItemList', () => {
+  const items = [
+    { id: '1', name: 'Item 1' },
+    { id: '2', name: 'Item 2' },
+    { id: '3', name: 'Item 3' },
+  ]
+
+  it('should render all items', () => {
+    render(<ItemList items={items} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getAllByRole('listitem')).toHaveLength(3)
+    items.forEach(item => {
+      expect(screen.getByText(item.name)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should handle item selection', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const onSelect = vi.fn()
+    
+    render(<ItemList items={items} onSelect={onSelect} />)
+    
+    await user.click(screen.getByText('Item 2'))
+    
+    expect(onSelect).toHaveBeenCalledWith(items[1])
+  })
+
+  it('should handle empty list', () => {
+    render(<ItemList items={[]} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/no items/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Modal/Dialog Testing
+
+```typescript
+describe('Modal', () => {
+  it('should not render when closed', () => {
+    render(<Modal isOpen={false} onClose={vi.fn()} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.queryByRole('dialog')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should render when open', () => {
+    render(<Modal isOpen={true} onClose={vi.fn()} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByRole('dialog')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should call onClose when clicking overlay', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const handleClose = vi.fn()
+    
+    render(<Modal isOpen={true} onClose={handleClose} />)
+    
+    await user.click(screen.getByTestId('modal-overlay'))
+    
+    expect(handleClose).toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('should call onClose when pressing Escape', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const handleClose = vi.fn()
+    
+    render(<Modal isOpen={true} onClose={handleClose} />)
+    
+    await user.keyboard('{Escape}')
+    
+    expect(handleClose).toHaveBeenCalled()
+  })
+
+  it('should trap focus inside modal', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    
+    render(
+      <Modal isOpen={true} onClose={vi.fn()}>
+        <button>First</button>
+        <button>Second</button>
+      </Modal>
+    )
+    
+    // Focus should cycle within modal
+    await user.tab()
+    expect(screen.getByText('First')).toHaveFocus()
+    
+    await user.tab()
+    expect(screen.getByText('Second')).toHaveFocus()
+    
+    await user.tab()
+    expect(screen.getByText('First')).toHaveFocus() // Cycles back
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Form Testing
+
+```typescript
+describe('LoginForm', () => {
+  it('should submit valid form', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const onSubmit = vi.fn()
+    
+    render(<LoginForm onSubmit={onSubmit} />)
+    
+    await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), 'test@example.com')
+    await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/password/i), 'password123')
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }))
+    
+    expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+      email: 'test@example.com',
+      password: 'password123',
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should show validation errors', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    
+    render(<LoginForm onSubmit={vi.fn()} />)
+    
+    // Submit empty form
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }))
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/email is required/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    expect(screen.getByText(/password is required/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should validate email format', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    
+    render(<LoginForm onSubmit={vi.fn()} />)
+    
+    await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), 'invalid-email')
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }))
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(/invalid email/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should disable submit button while submitting', async () => {
+    const user = userEvent.setup()
+    const onSubmit = vi.fn(() => new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 100)))
+    
+    render(<LoginForm onSubmit={onSubmit} />)
+    
+    await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), 'test@example.com')
+    await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/password/i), 'password123')
+    await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }))
+    
+    expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /signing in/i })).toBeDisabled()
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i })).toBeEnabled()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Data-Driven Tests with test.each
+
+```typescript
+describe('StatusBadge', () => {
+  test.each([
+    ['success', 'bg-green-500'],
+    ['warning', 'bg-yellow-500'],
+    ['error', 'bg-red-500'],
+    ['info', 'bg-blue-500'],
+  ])('should apply correct class for %s status', (status, expectedClass) => {
+    render(<StatusBadge status={status} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByTestId('status-badge')).toHaveClass(expectedClass)
+  })
+
+  test.each([
+    { input: null, expected: 'Unknown' },
+    { input: undefined, expected: 'Unknown' },
+    { input: '', expected: 'Unknown' },
+    { input: 'invalid', expected: 'Unknown' },
+  ])('should show "Unknown" for invalid input: $input', ({ input, expected }) => {
+    render(<StatusBadge status={input} />)
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText(expected)).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Debugging Tips
+
+```typescript
+// Print entire DOM
+screen.debug()
+
+// Print specific element
+screen.debug(screen.getByRole('button'))
+
+// Log testing playground URL
+screen.logTestingPlaygroundURL()
+
+// Pretty print DOM
+import { prettyDOM } from '@testing-library/react'
+console.log(prettyDOM(screen.getByRole('dialog')))
+
+// Check available roles
+import { getRoles } from '@testing-library/react'
+console.log(getRoles(container))
+```
+
+## Common Mistakes to Avoid
+
+### ❌ Don't Use Implementation Details
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - testing implementation
+expect(component.state.isOpen).toBe(true)
+expect(wrapper.find('.internal-class').length).toBe(1)
+
+// Good - testing behavior
+expect(screen.getByRole('dialog')).toBeInTheDocument()
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't Forget Cleanup
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - may leak state between tests
+it('test 1', () => {
+  render(<Component />)
+})
+
+// Good - cleanup is automatic with RTL, but reset mocks
+beforeEach(() => {
+  vi.clearAllMocks()
+})
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't Use Exact String Matching (Prefer Black-Box Assertions)
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ Bad - hardcoded strings are brittle
+expect(screen.getByText('Submit Form')).toBeInTheDocument()
+expect(screen.getByText('Loading...')).toBeInTheDocument()
+
+// ✅ Good - role-based queries (most semantic)
+expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /submit/i })).toBeInTheDocument()
+expect(screen.getByRole('status')).toBeInTheDocument()
+
+// ✅ Good - pattern matching (flexible)
+expect(screen.getByText(/submit/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+expect(screen.getByText(/loading/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+
+// ✅ Good - test behavior, not exact UI text
+expect(screen.getByRole('button')).toBeDisabled()
+expect(screen.getByRole('alert')).toBeInTheDocument()
+```
+
+**Why prefer black-box assertions?**
+
+- Text content may change (i18n, copy updates)
+- Role-based queries test accessibility
+- Pattern matching is resilient to minor changes
+- Tests focus on behavior, not implementation details
+
+### ❌ Don't Assert on Absence Without Query
+
+```typescript
+// Bad - throws if not found
+expect(screen.getByText('Error')).not.toBeInTheDocument() // Error!
+
+// Good - use queryBy for absence assertions
+expect(screen.queryByText('Error')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/domain-components.md

@@ -0,0 +1,523 @@
+# Domain-Specific Component Testing
+
+This guide covers testing patterns for Dify's domain-specific components.
+
+## Workflow Components (`workflow/`)
+
+Workflow components handle node configuration, data flow, and graph operations.
+
+### Key Test Areas
+
+1. **Node Configuration**
+1. **Data Validation**
+1. **Variable Passing**
+1. **Edge Connections**
+1. **Error Handling**
+
+### Example: Node Configuration Panel
+
+```typescript
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
+import NodeConfigPanel from './node-config-panel'
+import { createMockNode, createMockWorkflowContext } from '@/__mocks__/workflow'
+
+// Mock workflow context
+vi.mock('@/app/components/workflow/hooks', () => ({
+  useWorkflowStore: () => mockWorkflowStore,
+  useNodesInteractions: () => mockNodesInteractions,
+}))
+
+let mockWorkflowStore = {
+  nodes: [],
+  edges: [],
+  updateNode: vi.fn(),
+}
+
+let mockNodesInteractions = {
+  handleNodeSelect: vi.fn(),
+  handleNodeDelete: vi.fn(),
+}
+
+describe('NodeConfigPanel', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    mockWorkflowStore = {
+      nodes: [],
+      edges: [],
+      updateNode: vi.fn(),
+    }
+  })
+
+  describe('Node Configuration', () => {
+    it('should render node type selector', () => {
+      const node = createMockNode({ type: 'llm' })
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={node} />)
+      
+      expect(screen.getByLabelText(/model/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should update node config on change', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      const node = createMockNode({ type: 'llm' })
+      
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={node} />)
+      
+      await user.selectOptions(screen.getByLabelText(/model/i), 'gpt-4')
+      
+      expect(mockWorkflowStore.updateNode).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        node.id,
+        expect.objectContaining({ model: 'gpt-4' })
+      )
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Data Validation', () => {
+    it('should show error for invalid input', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      const node = createMockNode({ type: 'code' })
+      
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={node} />)
+      
+      // Enter invalid code
+      const codeInput = screen.getByLabelText(/code/i)
+      await user.clear(codeInput)
+      await user.type(codeInput, 'invalid syntax {{{')
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText(/syntax error/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('should validate required fields', async () => {
+      const node = createMockNode({ type: 'http', data: { url: '' } })
+      
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={node} />)
+      
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /save/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText(/url is required/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Variable Passing', () => {
+    it('should display available variables from upstream nodes', () => {
+      const upstreamNode = createMockNode({
+        id: 'node-1',
+        type: 'start',
+        data: { outputs: [{ name: 'user_input', type: 'string' }] },
+      })
+      const currentNode = createMockNode({
+        id: 'node-2',
+        type: 'llm',
+      })
+      
+      mockWorkflowStore.nodes = [upstreamNode, currentNode]
+      mockWorkflowStore.edges = [{ source: 'node-1', target: 'node-2' }]
+      
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={currentNode} />)
+      
+      // Variable selector should show upstream variables
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /add variable/i }))
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText('user_input')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should insert variable into prompt template', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      const node = createMockNode({ type: 'llm' })
+      
+      render(<NodeConfigPanel node={node} />)
+      
+      // Click variable button
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /insert variable/i }))
+      await user.click(screen.getByText('user_input'))
+      
+      const promptInput = screen.getByLabelText(/prompt/i)
+      expect(promptInput).toHaveValue(expect.stringContaining('{{user_input}}'))
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Dataset Components (`dataset/`)
+
+Dataset components handle file uploads, data display, and search/filter operations.
+
+### Key Test Areas
+
+1. **File Upload**
+1. **File Type Validation**
+1. **Pagination**
+1. **Search & Filtering**
+1. **Data Format Handling**
+
+### Example: Document Uploader
+
+```typescript
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
+import DocumentUploader from './document-uploader'
+
+vi.mock('@/service/datasets', () => ({
+  uploadDocument: vi.fn(),
+  parseDocument: vi.fn(),
+}))
+
+import * as datasetService from '@/service/datasets'
+const mockedService = vi.mocked(datasetService)
+
+describe('DocumentUploader', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  describe('File Upload', () => {
+    it('should accept valid file types', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      const onUpload = vi.fn()
+      mockedService.uploadDocument.mockResolvedValue({ id: 'doc-1' })
+      
+      render(<DocumentUploader onUpload={onUpload} />)
+      
+      const file = new File(['content'], 'test.pdf', { type: 'application/pdf' })
+      const input = screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i)
+      
+      await user.upload(input, file)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(mockedService.uploadDocument).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+          expect.any(FormData)
+        )
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('should reject invalid file types', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      render(<DocumentUploader />)
+      
+      const file = new File(['content'], 'test.exe', { type: 'application/x-msdownload' })
+      const input = screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i)
+      
+      await user.upload(input, file)
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText(/unsupported file type/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(mockedService.uploadDocument).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+
+    it('should show upload progress', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      // Mock upload with progress
+      mockedService.uploadDocument.mockImplementation(() => {
+        return new Promise((resolve) => {
+          setTimeout(() => resolve({ id: 'doc-1' }), 100)
+        })
+      })
+      
+      render(<DocumentUploader />)
+      
+      const file = new File(['content'], 'test.pdf', { type: 'application/pdf' })
+      await user.upload(screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i), file)
+      
+      expect(screen.getByRole('progressbar')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.queryByRole('progressbar')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Error Handling', () => {
+    it('should handle upload failure', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.uploadDocument.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Upload failed'))
+      
+      render(<DocumentUploader />)
+      
+      const file = new File(['content'], 'test.pdf', { type: 'application/pdf' })
+      await user.upload(screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i), file)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText(/upload failed/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+
+    it('should allow retry after failure', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.uploadDocument
+        .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error('Network error'))
+        .mockResolvedValueOnce({ id: 'doc-1' })
+      
+      render(<DocumentUploader />)
+      
+      const file = new File(['content'], 'test.pdf', { type: 'application/pdf' })
+      await user.upload(screen.getByLabelText(/upload/i), file)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /retry/i })).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+      
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /retry/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText(/uploaded successfully/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### Example: Document List with Pagination
+
+```typescript
+describe('DocumentList', () => {
+  describe('Pagination', () => {
+    it('should load first page on mount', async () => {
+      mockedService.getDocuments.mockResolvedValue({
+        data: [{ id: '1', name: 'Doc 1' }],
+        total: 50,
+        page: 1,
+        pageSize: 10,
+      })
+      
+      render(<DocumentList datasetId="ds-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText('Doc 1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+      
+      expect(mockedService.getDocuments).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ds-1', { page: 1 })
+    })
+
+    it('should navigate to next page', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.getDocuments.mockResolvedValue({
+        data: [{ id: '1', name: 'Doc 1' }],
+        total: 50,
+        page: 1,
+        pageSize: 10,
+      })
+      
+      render(<DocumentList datasetId="ds-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText('Doc 1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+      
+      mockedService.getDocuments.mockResolvedValue({
+        data: [{ id: '11', name: 'Doc 11' }],
+        total: 50,
+        page: 2,
+        pageSize: 10,
+      })
+      
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /next/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText('Doc 11')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Search & Filtering', () => {
+    it('should filter by search query', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      vi.useFakeTimers()
+      
+      render(<DocumentList datasetId="ds-1" />)
+      
+      await user.type(screen.getByPlaceholderText(/search/i), 'test query')
+      
+      // Debounce
+      vi.advanceTimersByTime(300)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(mockedService.getDocuments).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+          'ds-1',
+          expect.objectContaining({ search: 'test query' })
+        )
+      })
+      
+      vi.useRealTimers()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+## Configuration Components (`app/configuration/`, `config/`)
+
+Configuration components handle forms, validation, and data persistence.
+
+### Key Test Areas
+
+1. **Form Validation**
+1. **Save/Reset**
+1. **Required vs Optional Fields**
+1. **Configuration Persistence**
+1. **Error Feedback**
+
+### Example: App Configuration Form
+
+```typescript
+import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event'
+import AppConfigForm from './app-config-form'
+
+vi.mock('@/service/apps', () => ({
+  updateAppConfig: vi.fn(),
+  getAppConfig: vi.fn(),
+}))
+
+import * as appService from '@/service/apps'
+const mockedService = vi.mocked(appService)
+
+describe('AppConfigForm', () => {
+  const defaultConfig = {
+    name: 'My App',
+    description: '',
+    icon: 'default',
+    openingStatement: '',
+  }
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    mockedService.getAppConfig.mockResolvedValue(defaultConfig)
+  })
+
+  describe('Form Validation', () => {
+    it('should require app name', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      // Clear name field
+      await user.clear(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i))
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /save/i }))
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText(/name is required/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(mockedService.updateAppConfig).not.toHaveBeenCalled()
+    })
+
+    it('should validate name length', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+      
+      // Enter very long name
+      await user.clear(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i))
+      await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), 'a'.repeat(101))
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText(/name must be less than 100 characters/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should allow empty optional fields', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.updateAppConfig.mockResolvedValue({ success: true })
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      // Leave description empty (optional)
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /save/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(mockedService.updateAppConfig).toHaveBeenCalled()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Save/Reset Functionality', () => {
+    it('should save configuration', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.updateAppConfig.mockResolvedValue({ success: true })
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      await user.clear(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i))
+      await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), 'Updated App')
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /save/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(mockedService.updateAppConfig).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+          'app-1',
+          expect.objectContaining({ name: 'Updated App' })
+        )
+      })
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText(/saved successfully/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('should reset to default values', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      // Make changes
+      await user.clear(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i))
+      await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), 'Changed Name')
+      
+      // Reset
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /reset/i }))
+      
+      expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+    })
+
+    it('should show unsaved changes warning', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      // Make changes
+      await user.type(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i), ' Updated')
+      
+      expect(screen.getByText(/unsaved changes/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  describe('Error Handling', () => {
+    it('should show error on save failure', async () => {
+      const user = userEvent.setup()
+      mockedService.updateAppConfig.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Server error'))
+      
+      render(<AppConfigForm appId="app-1" />)
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByLabelText(/name/i)).toHaveValue('My App')
+      })
+      
+      await user.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /save/i }))
+      
+      await waitFor(() => {
+        expect(screen.getByText(/failed to save/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+      })
+    })
+  })
+})
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/mocking.md

@@ -0,0 +1,349 @@
+# Mocking Guide for Dify Frontend Tests
+
+## ⚠️ Important: What NOT to Mock
+
+### DO NOT Mock Base Components
+
+**Never mock components from `@/app/components/base/`** such as:
+
+- `Loading`, `Spinner`
+- `Button`, `Input`, `Select`
+- `Tooltip`, `Modal`, `Dropdown`
+- `Icon`, `Badge`, `Tag`
+
+**Why?**
+
+- Base components will have their own dedicated tests
+- Mocking them creates false positives (tests pass but real integration fails)
+- Using real components tests actual integration behavior
+
+```typescript
+// ❌ WRONG: Don't mock base components
+vi.mock('@/app/components/base/loading', () => () => <div>Loading</div>)
+vi.mock('@/app/components/base/button', () => ({ children }: any) => <button>{children}</button>)
+
+// ✅ CORRECT: Import and use real base components
+import Loading from '@/app/components/base/loading'
+import Button from '@/app/components/base/button'
+// They will render normally in tests
+```
+
+### What TO Mock
+
+Only mock these categories:
+
+1. **API services** (`@/service/*`) - Network calls
+1. **Complex context providers** - When setup is too difficult
+1. **Third-party libraries with side effects** - `next/navigation`, external SDKs
+1. **i18n** - Always mock to return keys
+
+## Mock Placement
+
+| Location | Purpose |
+|----------|---------|
+| `web/vitest.setup.ts` | Global mocks shared by all tests (for example `react-i18next`, `next/image`) |
+| `web/__mocks__/` | Reusable mock factories shared across multiple test files |
+| Test file | Test-specific mocks, inline with `vi.mock()` |
+
+Modules are not mocked automatically. Use `vi.mock` in test files, or add global mocks in `web/vitest.setup.ts`.
+
+## Essential Mocks
+
+### 1. i18n (Auto-loaded via Global Mock)
+
+A global mock is defined in `web/vitest.setup.ts` and is auto-loaded by Vitest setup.
+
+The global mock provides:
+
+- `useTranslation` - returns translation keys with namespace prefix
+- `Trans` component - renders i18nKey and components
+- `useMixedTranslation` (from `@/app/components/plugins/marketplace/hooks`)
+- `useGetLanguage` (from `@/context/i18n`) - returns `'en-US'`
+
+**Default behavior**: Most tests should use the global mock (no local override needed).
+
+**For custom translations**: Use the helper function from `@/test/i18n-mock`:
+
+```typescript
+import { createReactI18nextMock } from '@/test/i18n-mock'
+
+vi.mock('react-i18next', () => createReactI18nextMock({
+  'my.custom.key': 'Custom translation',
+  'button.save': 'Save',
+}))
+```
+
+**Avoid**: Manually defining `useTranslation` mocks that just return the key - the global mock already does this.
+
+### 2. Next.js Router
+
+```typescript
+const mockPush = vi.fn()
+const mockReplace = vi.fn()
+
+vi.mock('next/navigation', () => ({
+  useRouter: () => ({
+    push: mockPush,
+    replace: mockReplace,
+    back: vi.fn(),
+    prefetch: vi.fn(),
+  }),
+  usePathname: () => '/current-path',
+  useSearchParams: () => new URLSearchParams('?key=value'),
+}))
+
+describe('Component', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+  })
+
+  it('should navigate on click', () => {
+    render(<Component />)
+    fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button'))
+    expect(mockPush).toHaveBeenCalledWith('/expected-path')
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 3. Portal Components (with Shared State)
+
+```typescript
+// ⚠️ Important: Use shared state for components that depend on each other
+let mockPortalOpenState = false
+
+vi.mock('@/app/components/base/portal-to-follow-elem', () => ({
+  PortalToFollowElem: ({ children, open, ...props }: any) => {
+    mockPortalOpenState = open || false  // Update shared state
+    return <div data-testid="portal" data-open={open}>{children}</div>
+  },
+  PortalToFollowElemContent: ({ children }: any) => {
+    // ✅ Matches actual: returns null when portal is closed
+    if (!mockPortalOpenState) return null
+    return <div data-testid="portal-content">{children}</div>
+  },
+  PortalToFollowElemTrigger: ({ children }: any) => (
+    <div data-testid="portal-trigger">{children}</div>
+  ),
+}))
+
+describe('Component', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    mockPortalOpenState = false  // ✅ Reset shared state
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 4. API Service Mocks
+
+```typescript
+import * as api from '@/service/api'
+
+vi.mock('@/service/api')
+
+const mockedApi = vi.mocked(api)
+
+describe('Component', () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.clearAllMocks()
+    
+    // Setup default mock implementation
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ data: [] })
+  })
+
+  it('should show data on success', async () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockResolvedValue({ data: [{ id: 1 }] })
+    
+    render(<Component />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText('1')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should show error on failure', async () => {
+    mockedApi.fetchData.mockRejectedValue(new Error('Network error'))
+    
+    render(<Component />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText(/error/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 5. HTTP Mocking with Nock
+
+```typescript
+import nock from 'nock'
+
+const GITHUB_HOST = 'https://api.github.com'
+const GITHUB_PATH = '/repos/owner/repo'
+
+const mockGithubApi = (status: number, body: Record<string, unknown>, delayMs = 0) => {
+  return nock(GITHUB_HOST)
+    .get(GITHUB_PATH)
+    .delay(delayMs)
+    .reply(status, body)
+}
+
+describe('GithubComponent', () => {
+  afterEach(() => {
+    nock.cleanAll()
+  })
+
+  it('should display repo info', async () => {
+    mockGithubApi(200, { name: 'dify', stars: 1000 })
+    
+    render(<GithubComponent />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText('dify')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+
+  it('should handle API error', async () => {
+    mockGithubApi(500, { message: 'Server error' })
+    
+    render(<GithubComponent />)
+    
+    await waitFor(() => {
+      expect(screen.getByText(/error/i)).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 6. Context Providers
+
+```typescript
+import { ProviderContext } from '@/context/provider-context'
+import { createMockProviderContextValue, createMockPlan } from '@/__mocks__/provider-context'
+
+describe('Component with Context', () => {
+  it('should render for free plan', () => {
+    const mockContext = createMockPlan('sandbox')
+    
+    render(
+      <ProviderContext.Provider value={mockContext}>
+        <Component />
+      </ProviderContext.Provider>
+    )
+    
+    expect(screen.getByText('Upgrade')).toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+
+  it('should render for pro plan', () => {
+    const mockContext = createMockPlan('professional')
+    
+    render(
+      <ProviderContext.Provider value={mockContext}>
+        <Component />
+      </ProviderContext.Provider>
+    )
+    
+    expect(screen.queryByText('Upgrade')).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+  })
+})
+```
+
+### 7. React Query
+
+```typescript
+import { QueryClient, QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query'
+
+const createTestQueryClient = () => new QueryClient({
+  defaultOptions: {
+    queries: { retry: false },
+    mutations: { retry: false },
+  },
+})
+
+const renderWithQueryClient = (ui: React.ReactElement) => {
+  const queryClient = createTestQueryClient()
+  return render(
+    <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>
+      {ui}
+    </QueryClientProvider>
+  )
+}
+```
+
+## Mock Best Practices
+
+### ✅ DO
+
+1. **Use real base components** - Import from `@/app/components/base/` directly
+1. **Use real project components** - Prefer importing over mocking
+1. **Reset mocks in `beforeEach`**, not `afterEach`
+1. **Match actual component behavior** in mocks (when mocking is necessary)
+1. **Use factory functions** for complex mock data
+1. **Import actual types** for type safety
+1. **Reset shared mock state** in `beforeEach`
+
+### ❌ DON'T
+
+1. **Don't mock base components** (`Loading`, `Button`, `Tooltip`, etc.)
+1. Don't mock components you can import directly
+1. Don't create overly simplified mocks that miss conditional logic
+1. Don't forget to clean up nock after each test
+1. Don't use `any` types in mocks without necessity
+
+### Mock Decision Tree
+
+```
+Need to use a component in test?
+│
+├─ Is it from @/app/components/base/*?
+│  └─ YES → Import real component, DO NOT mock
+│
+├─ Is it a project component?
+│  └─ YES → Prefer importing real component
+│           Only mock if setup is extremely complex
+│
+├─ Is it an API service (@/service/*)?
+│  └─ YES → Mock it
+│
+├─ Is it a third-party lib with side effects?
+│  └─ YES → Mock it (next/navigation, external SDKs)
+│
+└─ Is it i18n?
+   └─ YES → Uses shared mock (auto-loaded). Override only for custom translations
+```
+
+## Factory Function Pattern
+
+```typescript
+// __mocks__/data-factories.ts
+import type { User, Project } from '@/types'
+
+export const createMockUser = (overrides: Partial<User> = {}): User => ({
+  id: 'user-1',
+  name: 'Test User',
+  email: 'test@example.com',
+  role: 'member',
+  createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+  ...overrides,
+})
+
+export const createMockProject = (overrides: Partial<Project> = {}): Project => ({
+  id: 'project-1',
+  name: 'Test Project',
+  description: 'A test project',
+  owner: createMockUser(),
+  members: [],
+  createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+  ...overrides,
+})
+
+// Usage in tests
+it('should display project owner', () => {
+  const project = createMockProject({
+    owner: createMockUser({ name: 'John Doe' }),
+  })
+  
+  render(<ProjectCard project={project} />)
+  expect(screen.getByText('John Doe')).toBeInTheDocument()
+})
+```

.claude/skills/frontend-testing/references/workflow.md

@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+# Testing Workflow Guide
+
+This guide defines the workflow for generating tests, especially for complex components or directories with multiple files.
+
+## Scope Clarification
+
+This guide addresses **multi-file workflow** (how to process multiple test files). For coverage requirements within a single test file, see `web/testing/testing.md` § Coverage Goals.
+
+| Scope | Rule |
+|-------|------|
+| **Single file** | Complete coverage in one generation (100% function, >95% branch) |
+| **Multi-file directory** | Process one file at a time, verify each before proceeding |
+
+## ⚠️ Critical Rule: Incremental Approach for Multi-File Testing
+
+When testing a **directory with multiple files**, **NEVER generate all test files at once.** Use an incremental, verify-as-you-go approach.
+
+### Why Incremental?
+
+| Batch Approach (❌) | Incremental Approach (✅) |
+|---------------------|---------------------------|
+| Generate 5+ tests at once | Generate 1 test at a time |
+| Run tests only at the end | Run test immediately after each file |
+| Multiple failures compound | Single point of failure, easy to debug |
+| Hard to identify root cause | Clear cause-effect relationship |
+| Mock issues affect many files | Mock issues caught early |
+| Messy git history | Clean, atomic commits possible |
+
+## Single File Workflow
+
+When testing a **single component, hook, or utility**:
+
+```
+1. Read source code completely
+2. Run `pnpm analyze-component <path>` (if available)
+3. Check complexity score and features detected
+4. Write the test file
+5. Run test: `pnpm test <file>.spec.tsx`
+6. Fix any failures
+7. Verify coverage meets goals (100% function, >95% branch)
+```
+
+## Directory/Multi-File Workflow (MUST FOLLOW)
+
+When testing a **directory or multiple files**, follow this strict workflow:
+
+### Step 1: Analyze and Plan
+
+1. **List all files** that need tests in the directory
+1. **Categorize by complexity**:
+   - 🟢 **Simple**: Utility functions, simple hooks, presentational components
+   - 🟡 **Medium**: Components with state, effects, or event handlers
+   - 🔴 **Complex**: Components with API calls, routing, or many dependencies
+1. **Order by dependency**: Test dependencies before dependents
+1. **Create a todo list** to track progress
+
+### Step 2: Determine Processing Order
+
+Process files in this recommended order:
+
+```
+1. Utility functions (simplest, no React)
+2. Custom hooks (isolated logic)
+3. Simple presentational components (few/no props)
+4. Medium complexity components (state, effects)
+5. Complex components (API, routing, many deps)
+6. Container/index components (integration tests - last)
+```
+
+**Rationale**:
+
+- Simpler files help establish mock patterns
+- Hooks used by components should be tested first
+- Integration tests (index files) depend on child components working
+
+### Step 3: Process Each File Incrementally
+
+**For EACH file in the ordered list:**
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│  1. Write test file                         │
+│  2. Run: pnpm test <file>.spec.tsx          │
+│  3. If FAIL → Fix immediately, re-run       │
+│  4. If PASS → Mark complete in todo list    │
+│  5. ONLY THEN proceed to next file          │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+**DO NOT proceed to the next file until the current one passes.**
+
+### Step 4: Final Verification
+
+After all individual tests pass:
+
+```bash
+# Run all tests in the directory together
+pnpm test path/to/directory/
+
+# Check coverage
+pnpm test:coverage path/to/directory/
+```
+
+## Component Complexity Guidelines
+
+Use `pnpm analyze-component <path>` to assess complexity before testing.
+
+### 🔴 Very Complex Components (Complexity > 50)
+
+**Consider refactoring BEFORE testing:**
+
+- Break component into smaller, testable pieces
+- Extract complex logic into custom hooks
+- Separate container and presentational layers
+
+**If testing as-is:**
+
+- Use integration tests for complex workflows
+- Use `test.each()` for data-driven testing
+- Multiple `describe` blocks for organization
+- Consider testing major sections separately
+
+### 🟡 Medium Complexity (Complexity 30-50)
+
+- Group related tests in `describe` blocks
+- Test integration scenarios between internal parts
+- Focus on state transitions and side effects
+- Use helper functions to reduce test complexity
+
+### 🟢 Simple Components (Complexity < 30)
+
+- Standard test structure
+- Focus on props, rendering, and edge cases
+- Usually straightforward to test
+
+### 📏 Large Files (500+ lines)
+
+Regardless of complexity score:
+
+- **Strongly consider refactoring** before testing
+- If testing as-is, test major sections separately
+- Create helper functions for test setup
+- May need multiple test files
+
+## Todo List Format
+
+When testing multiple files, use a todo list like this:
+
+```
+Testing: path/to/directory/
+
+Ordered by complexity (simple → complex):
+
+☐ utils/helper.ts           [utility, simple]
+☐ hooks/use-custom-hook.ts  [hook, simple]
+☐ empty-state.tsx           [component, simple]
+☐ item-card.tsx             [component, medium]
+☐ list.tsx                  [component, complex]
+☐ index.tsx                 [integration]
+
+Progress: 0/6 complete
+```
+
+Update status as you complete each:
+
+- ☐ → ⏳ (in progress)
+- ⏳ → ✅ (complete and verified)
+- ⏳ → ❌ (blocked, needs attention)
+
+## When to Stop and Verify
+
+**Always run tests after:**
+
+- Completing a test file
+- Making changes to fix a failure
+- Modifying shared mocks
+- Updating test utilities or helpers
+
+**Signs you should pause:**
+
+- More than 2 consecutive test failures
+- Mock-related errors appearing
+- Unclear why a test is failing
+- Test passing but coverage unexpectedly low
+
+## Common Pitfalls to Avoid
+
+### ❌ Don't: Generate Everything First
+
+```
+# BAD: Writing all files then testing
+Write component-a.spec.tsx
+Write component-b.spec.tsx  
+Write component-c.spec.tsx
+Write component-d.spec.tsx
+Run pnpm test  ← Multiple failures, hard to debug
+```
+
+### ✅ Do: Verify Each Step
+
+```
+# GOOD: Incremental with verification
+Write component-a.spec.tsx
+Run pnpm test component-a.spec.tsx ✅
+Write component-b.spec.tsx
+Run pnpm test component-b.spec.tsx ✅
+...continue...
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't: Skip Verification for "Simple" Components
+
+Even simple components can have:
+
+- Import errors
+- Missing mock setup
+- Incorrect assumptions about props
+
+**Always verify, regardless of perceived simplicity.**
+
+### ❌ Don't: Continue When Tests Fail
+
+Failing tests compound:
+
+- A mock issue in file A affects files B, C, D
+- Fixing A later requires revisiting all dependent tests
+- Time wasted on debugging cascading failures
+
+**Fix failures immediately before proceeding.**
+
+## Integration with Claude's Todo Feature
+
+When using Claude for multi-file testing:
+
+1. **Ask Claude to create a todo list** before starting
+1. **Request one file at a time** or ensure Claude processes incrementally
+1. **Verify each test passes** before asking for the next
+1. **Mark todos complete** as you progress
+
+Example prompt:
+
+```
+Test all components in `path/to/directory/`.
+First, analyze the directory and create a todo list ordered by complexity.
+Then, process ONE file at a time, waiting for my confirmation that tests pass
+before proceeding to the next.
+```
+
+## Summary Checklist
+
+Before starting multi-file testing:
+
+- [ ] Listed all files needing tests
+- [ ] Ordered by complexity (simple → complex)
+- [ ] Created todo list for tracking
+- [ ] Understand dependencies between files
+
+During testing:
+
+- [ ] Processing ONE file at a time
+- [ ] Running tests after EACH file
+- [ ] Fixing failures BEFORE proceeding
+- [ ] Updating todo list progress
+
+After completion:
+
+- [ ] All individual tests pass
+- [ ] Full directory test run passes
+- [ ] Coverage goals met
+- [ ] Todo list shows all complete

.claude/skills/orpc-contract-first/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+---
+name: orpc-contract-first
+description: Guide for implementing oRPC contract-first API patterns in Dify frontend. Triggers when creating new API contracts, adding service endpoints, integrating TanStack Query with typed contracts, or migrating legacy service calls to oRPC. Use for all API layer work in web/contract and web/service directories.
+---
+
+# oRPC Contract-First Development
+
+## Project Structure
+
+```
+web/contract/
+├── base.ts           # Base contract (inputStructure: 'detailed')
+├── router.ts         # Router composition & type exports
+├── marketplace.ts    # Marketplace contracts
+└── console/          # Console contracts by domain
+    ├── system.ts
+    └── billing.ts
+```
+
+## Workflow
+
+1. **Create contract** in `web/contract/console/{domain}.ts`
+   - Import `base` from `../base` and `type` from `@orpc/contract`
+   - Define route with `path`, `method`, `input`, `output`
+
+2. **Register in router** at `web/contract/router.ts`
+   - Import directly from domain file (no barrel files)
+   - Nest by API prefix: `billing: { invoices, bindPartnerStack }`
+
+3. **Create hooks** in `web/service/use-{domain}.ts`
+   - Use `consoleQuery.{group}.{contract}.queryKey()` for query keys
+   - Use `consoleClient.{group}.{contract}()` for API calls
+
+## Key Rules
+
+- **Input structure**: Always use `{ params, query?, body? }` format
+- **Path params**: Use `{paramName}` in path, match in `params` object
+- **Router nesting**: Group by API prefix (e.g., `/billing/*` → `billing: {}`)
+- **No barrel files**: Import directly from specific files
+- **Types**: Import from `@/types/`, use `type<T>()` helper
+
+## Type Export
+
+```typescript
+export type ConsoleInputs = InferContractRouterInputs<typeof consoleRouterContract>
+```

.claude/skills/skill-creator/SKILL.md

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+---
+name: skill-creator
+description: Guide for creating effective skills. This skill should be used when users want to create a new skill (or update an existing skill) that extends Claude's capabilities with specialized knowledge, workflows, or tool integrations.
+---
+
+# Skill Creator
+
+This skill provides guidance for creating effective skills.
+
+## About Skills
+
+Skills are modular, self-contained packages that extend Claude's capabilities by providing
+specialized knowledge, workflows, and tools. Think of them as "onboarding guides" for specific
+domains or tasks—they transform Claude from a general-purpose agent into a specialized agent
+equipped with procedural knowledge that no model can fully possess.
+
+### What Skills Provide
+
+1. Specialized workflows - Multi-step procedures for specific domains
+2. Tool integrations - Instructions for working with specific file formats or APIs
+3. Domain expertise - Company-specific knowledge, schemas, business logic
+4. Bundled resources - Scripts, references, and assets for complex and repetitive tasks
+
+## Core Principles
+
+### Concise is Key
+
+The context window is a public good. Skills share the context window with everything else Claude needs: system prompt, conversation history, other Skills' metadata, and the actual user request.
+
+**Default assumption: Claude is already very smart.** Only add context Claude doesn't already have. Challenge each piece of information: "Does Claude really need this explanation?" and "Does this paragraph justify its token cost?"
+
+Prefer concise examples over verbose explanations.
+
+### Set Appropriate Degrees of Freedom
+
+Match the level of specificity to the task's fragility and variability:
+
+**High freedom (text-based instructions)**: Use when multiple approaches are valid, decisions depend on context, or heuristics guide the approach.
+
+**Medium freedom (pseudocode or scripts with parameters)**: Use when a preferred pattern exists, some variation is acceptable, or configuration affects behavior.
+
+**Low freedom (specific scripts, few parameters)**: Use when operations are fragile and error-prone, consistency is critical, or a specific sequence must be followed.
+
+Think of Claude as exploring a path: a narrow bridge with cliffs needs specific guardrails (low freedom), while an open field allows many routes (high freedom).
+
+### Anatomy of a Skill
+
+Every skill consists of a required SKILL.md file and optional bundled resources:
+
+```
+skill-name/
+├── SKILL.md (required)
+│   ├── YAML frontmatter metadata (required)
+│   │   ├── name: (required)
+│   │   └── description: (required)
+│   └── Markdown instructions (required)
+└── Bundled Resources (optional)
+    ├── scripts/          - Executable code (Python/Bash/etc.)
+    ├── references/       - Documentation intended to be loaded into context as needed
+    └── assets/           - Files used in output (templates, icons, fonts, etc.)
+```
+
+#### SKILL.md (required)
+
+Every SKILL.md consists of:
+
+- **Frontmatter** (YAML): Contains `name` and `description` fields. These are the only fields that Claude reads to determine when the skill gets used, thus it is very important to be clear and comprehensive in describing what the skill is, and when it should be used.
+- **Body** (Markdown): Instructions and guidance for using the skill. Only loaded AFTER the skill triggers (if at all).
+
+#### Bundled Resources (optional)
+
+##### Scripts (`scripts/`)
+
+Executable code (Python/Bash/etc.) for tasks that require deterministic reliability or are repeatedly rewritten.
+
+- **When to include**: When the same code is being rewritten repeatedly or deterministic reliability is needed
+- **Example**: `scripts/rotate_pdf.py` for PDF rotation tasks
+- **Benefits**: Token efficient, deterministic, may be executed without loading into context
+- **Note**: Scripts may still need to be read by Claude for patching or environment-specific adjustments
+
+##### References (`references/`)
+
+Documentation and reference material intended to be loaded as needed into context to inform Claude's process and thinking.
+
+- **When to include**: For documentation that Claude should reference while working
+- **Examples**: `references/finance.md` for financial schemas, `references/mnda.md` for company NDA template, `references/policies.md` for company policies, `references/api_docs.md` for API specifications
+- **Use cases**: Database schemas, API documentation, domain knowledge, company policies, detailed workflow guides
+- **Benefits**: Keeps SKILL.md lean, loaded only when Claude determines it's needed
+- **Best practice**: If files are large (>10k words), include grep search patterns in SKILL.md
+- **Avoid duplication**: Information should live in either SKILL.md or references files, not both. Prefer references files for detailed information unless it's truly core to the skill—this keeps SKILL.md lean while making information discoverable without hogging the context window. Keep only essential procedural instructions and workflow guidance in SKILL.md; move detailed reference material, schemas, and examples to references files.
+
+##### Assets (`assets/`)
+
+Files not intended to be loaded into context, but rather used within the output Claude produces.
+
+- **When to include**: When the skill needs files that will be used in the final output
+- **Examples**: `assets/logo.png` for brand assets, `assets/slides.pptx` for PowerPoint templates, `assets/frontend-template/` for HTML/React boilerplate, `assets/font.ttf` for typography
+- **Use cases**: Templates, images, icons, boilerplate code, fonts, sample documents that get copied or modified
+- **Benefits**: Separates output resources from documentation, enables Claude to use files without loading them into context
+
+#### What to Not Include in a Skill
+
+A skill should only contain essential files that directly support its functionality. Do NOT create extraneous documentation or auxiliary files, including:
+
+- README.md
+- INSTALLATION_GUIDE.md
+- QUICK_REFERENCE.md
+- CHANGELOG.md
+- etc.
+
+The skill should only contain the information needed for an AI agent to do the job at hand. It should not contain auxilary context about the process that went into creating it, setup and testing procedures, user-facing documentation, etc. Creating additional documentation files just adds clutter and confusion.
+
+### Progressive Disclosure Design Principle
+
+Skills use a three-level loading system to manage context efficiently:
+
+1. **Metadata (name + description)** - Always in context (~100 words)
+2. **SKILL.md body** - When skill triggers (<5k words)
+3. **Bundled resources** - As needed by Claude (Unlimited because scripts can be executed without reading into context window)
+
+#### Progressive Disclosure Patterns
+
+Keep SKILL.md body to the essentials and under 500 lines to minimize context bloat. Split content into separate files when approaching this limit. When splitting out content into other files, it is very important to reference them from SKILL.md and describe clearly when to read them, to ensure the reader of the skill knows they exist and when to use them.
+
+**Key principle:** When a skill supports multiple variations, frameworks, or options, keep only the core workflow and selection guidance in SKILL.md. Move variant-specific details (patterns, examples, configuration) into separate reference files.
+
+**Pattern 1: High-level guide with references**
+
+```markdown
+# PDF Processing
+
+## Quick start
+
+Extract text with pdfplumber:
+[code example]
+
+## Advanced features
+
+- **Form filling**: See [FORMS.md](FORMS.md) for complete guide
+- **API reference**: See [REFERENCE.md](REFERENCE.md) for all methods
+- **Examples**: See [EXAMPLES.md](EXAMPLES.md) for common patterns
+```
+
+Claude loads FORMS.md, REFERENCE.md, or EXAMPLES.md only when needed.
+
+**Pattern 2: Domain-specific organization**
+
+For Skills with multiple domains, organize content by domain to avoid loading irrelevant context:
+
+```
+bigquery-skill/
+├── SKILL.md (overview and navigation)
+└── reference/
+    ├── finance.md (revenue, billing metrics)
+    ├── sales.md (opportunities, pipeline)
+    ├── product.md (API usage, features)
+    └── marketing.md (campaigns, attribution)
+```
+
+When a user asks about sales metrics, Claude only reads sales.md.
+
+Similarly, for skills supporting multiple frameworks or variants, organize by variant:
+
+```
+cloud-deploy/
+├── SKILL.md (workflow + provider selection)
+└── references/
+    ├── aws.md (AWS deployment patterns)
+    ├── gcp.md (GCP deployment patterns)
+    └── azure.md (Azure deployment patterns)
+```
+
+When the user chooses AWS, Claude only reads aws.md.
+
+**Pattern 3: Conditional details**
+
+Show basic content, link to advanced content:
+
+```markdown
+# DOCX Processing
+
+## Creating documents
+
+Use docx-js for new documents. See [DOCX-JS.md](DOCX-JS.md).
+
+## Editing documents
+
+For simple edits, modify the XML directly.
+
+**For tracked changes**: See [REDLINING.md](REDLINING.md)
+**For OOXML details**: See [OOXML.md](OOXML.md)
+```
+
+Claude reads REDLINING.md or OOXML.md only when the user needs those features.
+
+**Important guidelines:**
+
+- **Avoid deeply nested references** - Keep references one level deep from SKILL.md. All reference files should link directly from SKILL.md.
+- **Structure longer reference files** - For files longer than 100 lines, include a table of contents at the top so Claude can see the full scope when previewing.
+
+## Skill Creation Process
+
+Skill creation involves these steps:
+
+1. Understand the skill with concrete examples
+2. Plan reusable skill contents (scripts, references, assets)
+3. Initialize the skill (run init_skill.py)
+4. Edit the skill (implement resources and write SKILL.md)
+5. Package the skill (run package_skill.py)
+6. Iterate based on real usage
+
+Follow these steps in order, skipping only if there is a clear reason why they are not applicable.
+
+### Step 1: Understanding the Skill with Concrete Examples
+
+Skip this step only when the skill's usage patterns are already clearly understood. It remains valuable even when working with an existing skill.
+
+To create an effective skill, clearly understand concrete examples of how the skill will be used. This understanding can come from either direct user examples or generated examples that are validated with user feedback.
+
+For example, when building an image-editor skill, relevant questions include:
+
+- "What functionality should the image-editor skill support? Editing, rotating, anything else?"
+- "Can you give some examples of how this skill would be used?"
+- "I can imagine users asking for things like 'Remove the red-eye from this image' or 'Rotate this image'. Are there other ways you imagine this skill being used?"
+- "What would a user say that should trigger this skill?"
+
+To avoid overwhelming users, avoid asking too many questions in a single message. Start with the most important questions and follow up as needed for better effectiveness.
+
+Conclude this step when there is a clear sense of the functionality the skill should support.
+
+### Step 2: Planning the Reusable Skill Contents
+
+To turn concrete examples into an effective skill, analyze each example by:
+
+1. Considering how to execute on the example from scratch
+2. Identifying what scripts, references, and assets would be helpful when executing these workflows repeatedly
+
+Example: When building a `pdf-editor` skill to handle queries like "Help me rotate this PDF," the analysis shows:
+
+1. Rotating a PDF requires re-writing the same code each time
+2. A `scripts/rotate_pdf.py` script would be helpful to store in the skill
+
+Example: When designing a `frontend-webapp-builder` skill for queries like "Build me a todo app" or "Build me a dashboard to track my steps," the analysis shows:
+
+1. Writing a frontend webapp requires the same boilerplate HTML/React each time
+2. An `assets/hello-world/` template containing the boilerplate HTML/React project files would be helpful to store in the skill
+
+Example: When building a `big-query` skill to handle queries like "How many users have logged in today?" the analysis shows:
+
+1. Querying BigQuery requires re-discovering the table schemas and relationships each time
+2. A `references/schema.md` file documenting the table schemas would be helpful to store in the skill
+
+To establish the skill's contents, analyze each concrete example to create a list of the reusable resources to include: scripts, references, and assets.
+
+### Step 3: Initializing the Skill
+
+At this point, it is time to actually create the skill.
+
+Skip this step only if the skill being developed already exists, and iteration or packaging is needed. In this case, continue to the next step.
+
+When creating a new skill from scratch, always run the `init_skill.py` script. The script conveniently generates a new template skill directory that automatically includes everything a skill requires, making the skill creation process much more efficient and reliable.
+
+Usage:
+
+```bash
+scripts/init_skill.py <skill-name> --path <output-directory>
+```
+
+The script:
+
+- Creates the skill directory at the specified path
+- Generates a SKILL.md template with proper frontmatter and TODO placeholders
+- Creates example resource directories: `scripts/`, `references/`, and `assets/`
+- Adds example files in each directory that can be customized or deleted
+
+After initialization, customize or remove the generated SKILL.md and example files as needed.
+
+### Step 4: Edit the Skill
+
+When editing the (newly-generated or existing) skill, remember that the skill is being created for another instance of Claude to use. Include information that would be beneficial and non-obvious to Claude. Consider what procedural knowledge, domain-specific details, or reusable assets would help another Claude instance execute these tasks more effectively.
+
+#### Learn Proven Design Patterns
+
+Consult these helpful guides based on your skill's needs:
+
+- **Multi-step processes**: See references/workflows.md for sequential workflows and conditional logic
+- **Specific output formats or quality standards**: See references/output-patterns.md for template and example patterns
+
+These files contain established best practices for effective skill design.
+
+#### Start with Reusable Skill Contents
+
+To begin implementation, start with the reusable resources identified above: `scripts/`, `references/`, and `assets/` files. Note that this step may require user input. For example, when implementing a `brand-guidelines` skill, the user may need to provide brand assets or templates to store in `assets/`, or documentation to store in `references/`.
+
+Added scripts must be tested by actually running them to ensure there are no bugs and that the output matches what is expected. If there are many similar scripts, only a representative sample needs to be tested to ensure confidence that they all work while balancing time to completion.
+
+Any example files and directories not needed for the skill should be deleted. The initialization script creates example files in `scripts/`, `references/`, and `assets/` to demonstrate structure, but most skills won't need all of them.
+
+#### Update SKILL.md
+
+**Writing Guidelines:** Always use imperative/infinitive form.
+
+##### Frontmatter
+
+Write the YAML frontmatter with `name` and `description`:
+
+- `name`: The skill name
+- `description`: This is the primary triggering mechanism for your skill, and helps Claude understand when to use the skill.
+  - Include both what the Skill does and specific triggers/contexts for when to use it.
+  - Include all "when to use" information here - Not in the body. The body is only loaded after triggering, so "When to Use This Skill" sections in the body are not helpful to Claude.
+  - Example description for a `docx` skill: "Comprehensive document creation, editing, and analysis with support for tracked changes, comments, formatting preservation, and text extraction. Use when Claude needs to work with professional documents (.docx files) for: (1) Creating new documents, (2) Modifying or editing content, (3) Working with tracked changes, (4) Adding comments, or any other document tasks"
+
+Do not include any other fields in YAML frontmatter.
+
+##### Body
+
+Write instructions for using the skill and its bundled resources.
+
+### Step 5: Packaging a Skill
+
+Once development of the skill is complete, it must be packaged into a distributable .skill file that gets shared with the user. The packaging process automatically validates the skill first to ensure it meets all requirements:
+
+```bash
+scripts/package_skill.py <path/to/skill-folder>
+```
+
+Optional output directory specification:
+
+```bash
+scripts/package_skill.py <path/to/skill-folder> ./dist
+```
+
+The packaging script will:
+
+1. **Validate** the skill automatically, checking:
+
+   - YAML frontmatter format and required fields
+   - Skill naming conventions and directory structure
+   - Description completeness and quality
+   - File organization and resource references
+
+2. **Package** the skill if validation passes, creating a .skill file named after the skill (e.g., `my-skill.skill`) that includes all files and maintains the proper directory structure for distribution. The .skill file is a zip file with a .skill extension.
+
+If validation fails, the script will report the errors and exit without creating a package. Fix any validation errors and run the packaging command again.
+
+### Step 6: Iterate
+
+After testing the skill, users may request improvements. Often this happens right after using the skill, with fresh context of how the skill performed.
+
+**Iteration workflow:**
+
+1. Use the skill on real tasks
+2. Notice struggles or inefficiencies
+3. Identify how SKILL.md or bundled resources should be updated
+4. Implement changes and test again

.claude/skills/skill-creator/references/output-patterns.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Output Patterns
+
+Use these patterns when skills need to produce consistent, high-quality output.
+
+## Template Pattern
+
+Provide templates for output format. Match the level of strictness to your needs.
+
+**For strict requirements (like API responses or data formats):**
+
+```markdown
+## Report structure
+
+ALWAYS use this exact template structure:
+
+# [Analysis Title]
+
+## Executive summary
+[One-paragraph overview of key findings]
+
+## Key findings
+- Finding 1 with supporting data
+- Finding 2 with supporting data
+- Finding 3 with supporting data
+
+## Recommendations
+1. Specific actionable recommendation
+2. Specific actionable recommendation
+```
+
+**For flexible guidance (when adaptation is useful):**
+
+```markdown
+## Report structure
+
+Here is a sensible default format, but use your best judgment:
+
+# [Analysis Title]
+
+## Executive summary
+[Overview]
+
+## Key findings
+[Adapt sections based on what you discover]
+
+## Recommendations
+[Tailor to the specific context]
+
+Adjust sections as needed for the specific analysis type.
+```
+
+## Examples Pattern
+
+For skills where output quality depends on seeing examples, provide input/output pairs:
+
+```markdown
+## Commit message format
+
+Generate commit messages following these examples:
+
+**Example 1:**
+Input: Added user authentication with JWT tokens
+Output:
+```
+
+feat(auth): implement JWT-based authentication
+
+Add login endpoint and token validation middleware
+
+```
+
+**Example 2:**
+Input: Fixed bug where dates displayed incorrectly in reports
+Output:
+```
+
+fix(reports): correct date formatting in timezone conversion
+
+Use UTC timestamps consistently across report generation
+
+```
+
+Follow this style: type(scope): brief description, then detailed explanation.
+```
+
+Examples help Claude understand the desired style and level of detail more clearly than descriptions alone.

.claude/skills/skill-creator/references/workflows.md

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# Workflow Patterns
+
+## Sequential Workflows
+
+For complex tasks, break operations into clear, sequential steps. It is often helpful to give Claude an overview of the process towards the beginning of SKILL.md:
+
+```markdown
+Filling a PDF form involves these steps:
+
+1. Analyze the form (run analyze_form.py)
+2. Create field mapping (edit fields.json)
+3. Validate mapping (run validate_fields.py)
+4. Fill the form (run fill_form.py)
+5. Verify output (run verify_output.py)
+```
+
+## Conditional Workflows
+
+For tasks with branching logic, guide Claude through decision points:
+
+```markdown
+1. Determine the modification type:
+   **Creating new content?** → Follow "Creation workflow" below
+   **Editing existing content?** → Follow "Editing workflow" below
+
+2. Creation workflow: [steps]
+3. Editing workflow: [steps]
+```

.claude/skills/skill-creator/scripts/init_skill.py

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Skill Initializer - Creates a new skill from template
+
+Usage:
+    init_skill.py <skill-name> --path <path>
+
+Examples:
+    init_skill.py my-new-skill --path skills/public
+    init_skill.py my-api-helper --path skills/private
+    init_skill.py custom-skill --path /custom/location
+"""
+
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+SKILL_TEMPLATE = """---
+name: {skill_name}
+description: [TODO: Complete and informative explanation of what the skill does and when to use it. Include WHEN to use this skill - specific scenarios, file types, or tasks that trigger it.]
+---
+
+# {skill_title}
+
+## Overview
+
+[TODO: 1-2 sentences explaining what this skill enables]
+
+## Structuring This Skill
+
+[TODO: Choose the structure that best fits this skill's purpose. Common patterns:
+
+**1. Workflow-Based** (best for sequential processes)
+- Works well when there are clear step-by-step procedures
+- Example: DOCX skill with "Workflow Decision Tree" → "Reading" → "Creating" → "Editing"
+- Structure: ## Overview → ## Workflow Decision Tree → ## Step 1 → ## Step 2...
+
+**2. Task-Based** (best for tool collections)
+- Works well when the skill offers different operations/capabilities
+- Example: PDF skill with "Quick Start" → "Merge PDFs" → "Split PDFs" → "Extract Text"
+- Structure: ## Overview → ## Quick Start → ## Task Category 1 → ## Task Category 2...
+
+**3. Reference/Guidelines** (best for standards or specifications)
+- Works well for brand guidelines, coding standards, or requirements
+- Example: Brand styling with "Brand Guidelines" → "Colors" → "Typography" → "Features"
+- Structure: ## Overview → ## Guidelines → ## Specifications → ## Usage...
+
+**4. Capabilities-Based** (best for integrated systems)
+- Works well when the skill provides multiple interrelated features
+- Example: Product Management with "Core Capabilities" → numbered capability list
+- Structure: ## Overview → ## Core Capabilities → ### 1. Feature → ### 2. Feature...
+
+Patterns can be mixed and matched as needed. Most skills combine patterns (e.g., start with task-based, add workflow for complex operations).
+
+Delete this entire "Structuring This Skill" section when done - it's just guidance.]
+
+## [TODO: Replace with the first main section based on chosen structure]
+
+[TODO: Add content here. See examples in existing skills:
+- Code samples for technical skills
+- Decision trees for complex workflows
+- Concrete examples with realistic user requests
+- References to scripts/templates/references as needed]
+
+## Resources
+
+This skill includes example resource directories that demonstrate how to organize different types of bundled resources:
+
+### scripts/
+Executable code (Python/Bash/etc.) that can be run directly to perform specific operations.
+
+**Examples from other skills:**
+- PDF skill: `fill_fillable_fields.py`, `extract_form_field_info.py` - utilities for PDF manipulation
+- DOCX skill: `document.py`, `utilities.py` - Python modules for document processing
+
+**Appropriate for:** Python scripts, shell scripts, or any executable code that performs automation, data processing, or specific operations.
+
+**Note:** Scripts may be executed without loading into context, but can still be read by Claude for patching or environment adjustments.
+
+### references/
+Documentation and reference material intended to be loaded into context to inform Claude's process and thinking.
+
+**Examples from other skills:**
+- Product management: `communication.md`, `context_building.md` - detailed workflow guides
+- BigQuery: API reference documentation and query examples
+- Finance: Schema documentation, company policies
+
+**Appropriate for:** In-depth documentation, API references, database schemas, comprehensive guides, or any detailed information that Claude should reference while working.
+
+### assets/
+Files not intended to be loaded into context, but rather used within the output Claude produces.
+
+**Examples from other skills:**
+- Brand styling: PowerPoint template files (.pptx), logo files
+- Frontend builder: HTML/React boilerplate project directories
+- Typography: Font files (.ttf, .woff2)
+
+**Appropriate for:** Templates, boilerplate code, document templates, images, icons, fonts, or any files meant to be copied or used in the final output.
+
+---
+
+**Any unneeded directories can be deleted.** Not every skill requires all three types of resources.
+"""
+
+EXAMPLE_SCRIPT = '''#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Example helper script for {skill_name}
+
+This is a placeholder script that can be executed directly.
+Replace with actual implementation or delete if not needed.
+
+Example real scripts from other skills:
+- pdf/scripts/fill_fillable_fields.py - Fills PDF form fields
+- pdf/scripts/convert_pdf_to_images.py - Converts PDF pages to images
+"""
+
+def main():
+    print("This is an example script for {skill_name}")
+    # TODO: Add actual script logic here
+    # This could be data processing, file conversion, API calls, etc.
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+'''
+
+EXAMPLE_REFERENCE = """# Reference Documentation for {skill_title}
+
+This is a placeholder for detailed reference documentation.
+Replace with actual reference content or delete if not needed.
+
+Example real reference docs from other skills:
+- product-management/references/communication.md - Comprehensive guide for status updates
+- product-management/references/context_building.md - Deep-dive on gathering context
+- bigquery/references/ - API references and query examples
+
+## When Reference Docs Are Useful
+
+Reference docs are ideal for:
+- Comprehensive API documentation
+- Detailed workflow guides
+- Complex multi-step processes
+- Information too lengthy for main SKILL.md
+- Content that's only needed for specific use cases
+
+## Structure Suggestions
+
+### API Reference Example
+- Overview
+- Authentication
+- Endpoints with examples
+- Error codes
+- Rate limits
+
+### Workflow Guide Example
+- Prerequisites
+- Step-by-step instructions
+- Common patterns
+- Troubleshooting
+- Best practices
+"""
+
+EXAMPLE_ASSET = """# Example Asset File
+
+This placeholder represents where asset files would be stored.
+Replace with actual asset files (templates, images, fonts, etc.) or delete if not needed.
+
+Asset files are NOT intended to be loaded into context, but rather used within
+the output Claude produces.
+
+Example asset files from other skills:
+- Brand guidelines: logo.png, slides_template.pptx
+- Frontend builder: hello-world/ directory with HTML/React boilerplate
+- Typography: custom-font.ttf, font-family.woff2
+- Data: sample_data.csv, test_dataset.json
+
+## Common Asset Types
+
+- Templates: .pptx, .docx, boilerplate directories
+- Images: .png, .jpg, .svg, .gif
+- Fonts: .ttf, .otf, .woff, .woff2
+- Boilerplate code: Project directories, starter files
+- Icons: .ico, .svg
+- Data files: .csv, .json, .xml, .yaml
+
+Note: This is a text placeholder. Actual assets can be any file type.
+"""
+
+
+def title_case_skill_name(skill_name):
+    """Convert hyphenated skill name to Title Case for display."""
+    return " ".join(word.capitalize() for word in skill_name.split("-"))
+
+
+def init_skill(skill_name, path):
+    """
+    Initialize a new skill directory with template SKILL.md.
+
+    Args:
+        skill_name: Name of the skill
+        path: Path where the skill directory should be created
+
+    Returns:
+        Path to created skill directory, or None if error
+    """
+    # Determine skill directory path
+    skill_dir = Path(path).resolve() / skill_name
+
+    # Check if directory already exists
+    if skill_dir.exists():
+        print(f"❌ Error: Skill directory already exists: {skill_dir}")
+        return None
+
+    # Create skill directory
+    try:
+        skill_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=False)
+        print(f"✅ Created skill directory: {skill_dir}")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error creating directory: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    # Create SKILL.md from template
+    skill_title = title_case_skill_name(skill_name)
+    skill_content = SKILL_TEMPLATE.format(skill_name=skill_name, skill_title=skill_title)
+
+    skill_md_path = skill_dir / "SKILL.md"
+    try:
+        skill_md_path.write_text(skill_content)
+        print("✅ Created SKILL.md")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error creating SKILL.md: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    # Create resource directories with example files
+    try:
+        # Create scripts/ directory with example script
+        scripts_dir = skill_dir / "scripts"
+        scripts_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        example_script = scripts_dir / "example.py"
+        example_script.write_text(EXAMPLE_SCRIPT.format(skill_name=skill_name))
+        example_script.chmod(0o755)
+        print("✅ Created scripts/example.py")
+
+        # Create references/ directory with example reference doc
+        references_dir = skill_dir / "references"
+        references_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        example_reference = references_dir / "api_reference.md"
+        example_reference.write_text(EXAMPLE_REFERENCE.format(skill_title=skill_title))
+        print("✅ Created references/api_reference.md")
+
+        # Create assets/ directory with example asset placeholder
+        assets_dir = skill_dir / "assets"
+        assets_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
+        example_asset = assets_dir / "example_asset.txt"
+        example_asset.write_text(EXAMPLE_ASSET)
+        print("✅ Created assets/example_asset.txt")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error creating resource directories: {e}")
+        return None
+
+    # Print next steps
+    print(f"\n✅ Skill '{skill_name}' initialized successfully at {skill_dir}")
+    print("\nNext steps:")
+    print("1. Edit SKILL.md to complete the TODO items and update the description")
+    print("2. Customize or delete the example files in scripts/, references/, and assets/")
+    print("3. Run the validator when ready to check the skill structure")
+
+    return skill_dir
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) < 4 or sys.argv[2] != "--path":
+        print("Usage: init_skill.py <skill-name> --path <path>")
+        print("\nSkill name requirements:")
+        print("  - Hyphen-case identifier (e.g., 'data-analyzer')")
+        print("  - Lowercase letters, digits, and hyphens only")
+        print("  - Max 40 characters")
+        print("  - Must match directory name exactly")
+        print("\nExamples:")
+        print("  init_skill.py my-new-skill --path skills/public")
+        print("  init_skill.py my-api-helper --path skills/private")
+        print("  init_skill.py custom-skill --path /custom/location")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    skill_name = sys.argv[1]
+    path = sys.argv[3]
+
+    print(f"🚀 Initializing skill: {skill_name}")
+    print(f"   Location: {path}")
+    print()
+
+    result = init_skill(skill_name, path)
+
+    if result:
+        sys.exit(0)
+    else:
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

.claude/skills/skill-creator/scripts/package_skill.py

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Skill Packager - Creates a distributable .skill file of a skill folder
+
+Usage:
+    python utils/package_skill.py <path/to/skill-folder> [output-directory]
+
+Example:
+    python utils/package_skill.py skills/public/my-skill
+    python utils/package_skill.py skills/public/my-skill ./dist
+"""
+
+import sys
+import zipfile
+from pathlib import Path
+from quick_validate import validate_skill
+
+
+def package_skill(skill_path, output_dir=None):
+    """
+    Package a skill folder into a .skill file.
+
+    Args:
+        skill_path: Path to the skill folder
+        output_dir: Optional output directory for the .skill file (defaults to current directory)
+
+    Returns:
+        Path to the created .skill file, or None if error
+    """
+    skill_path = Path(skill_path).resolve()
+
+    # Validate skill folder exists
+    if not skill_path.exists():
+        print(f"❌ Error: Skill folder not found: {skill_path}")
+        return None
+
+    if not skill_path.is_dir():
+        print(f"❌ Error: Path is not a directory: {skill_path}")
+        return None
+
+    # Validate SKILL.md exists
+    skill_md = skill_path / "SKILL.md"
+    if not skill_md.exists():
+        print(f"❌ Error: SKILL.md not found in {skill_path}")
+        return None
+
+    # Run validation before packaging
+    print("🔍 Validating skill...")
+    valid, message = validate_skill(skill_path)
+    if not valid:
+        print(f"❌ Validation failed: {message}")
+        print("   Please fix the validation errors before packaging.")
+        return None
+    print(f"✅ {message}\n")
+
+    # Determine output location
+    skill_name = skill_path.name
+    if output_dir:
+        output_path = Path(output_dir).resolve()
+        output_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    else:
+        output_path = Path.cwd()
+
+    skill_filename = output_path / f"{skill_name}.skill"
+
+    # Create the .skill file (zip format)
+    try:
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(skill_filename, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
+            # Walk through the skill directory
+            for file_path in skill_path.rglob("*"):
+                if file_path.is_file():
+                    # Calculate the relative path within the zip
+                    arcname = file_path.relative_to(skill_path.parent)
+                    zipf.write(file_path, arcname)
+                    print(f"  Added: {arcname}")
+
+        print(f"\n✅ Successfully packaged skill to: {skill_filename}")
+        return skill_filename
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"❌ Error creating .skill file: {e}")
+        return None
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv) < 2:
+        print("Usage: python utils/package_skill.py <path/to/skill-folder> [output-directory]")
+        print("\nExample:")
+        print("  python utils/package_skill.py skills/public/my-skill")
+        print("  python utils/package_skill.py skills/public/my-skill ./dist")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    skill_path = sys.argv[1]
+    output_dir = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else None
+
+    print(f"📦 Packaging skill: {skill_path}")
+    if output_dir:
+        print(f"   Output directory: {output_dir}")
+    print()
+
+    result = package_skill(skill_path, output_dir)
+
+    if result:
+        sys.exit(0)
+    else:
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

.claude/skills/skill-creator/scripts/quick_validate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""
+Quick validation script for skills - minimal version
+"""
+
+import sys
+import os
+import re
+import yaml
+from pathlib import Path
+
+
+def validate_skill(skill_path):
+    """Basic validation of a skill"""
+    skill_path = Path(skill_path)
+
+    # Check SKILL.md exists
+    skill_md = skill_path / "SKILL.md"
+    if not skill_md.exists():
+        return False, "SKILL.md not found"
+
+    # Read and validate frontmatter
+    content = skill_md.read_text()
+    if not content.startswith("---"):
+        return False, "No YAML frontmatter found"
+
+    # Extract frontmatter
+    match = re.match(r"^---\n(.*?)\n---", content, re.DOTALL)
+    if not match:
+        return False, "Invalid frontmatter format"
+
+    frontmatter_text = match.group(1)
+
+    # Parse YAML frontmatter
+    try:
+        frontmatter = yaml.safe_load(frontmatter_text)
+        if not isinstance(frontmatter, dict):
+            return False, "Frontmatter must be a YAML dictionary"
+    except yaml.YAMLError as e:
+        return False, f"Invalid YAML in frontmatter: {e}"
+
+    # Define allowed properties
+    ALLOWED_PROPERTIES = {"name", "description", "license", "allowed-tools", "metadata"}
+
+    # Check for unexpected properties (excluding nested keys under metadata)
+    unexpected_keys = set(frontmatter.keys()) - ALLOWED_PROPERTIES
+    if unexpected_keys:
+        return False, (
+            f"Unexpected key(s) in SKILL.md frontmatter: {', '.join(sorted(unexpected_keys))}. "
+            f"Allowed properties are: {', '.join(sorted(ALLOWED_PROPERTIES))}"
+        )
+
+    # Check required fields
+    if "name" not in frontmatter:
+        return False, "Missing 'name' in frontmatter"
+    if "description" not in frontmatter:
+        return False, "Missing 'description' in frontmatter"
+
+    # Extract name for validation
+    name = frontmatter.get("name", "")
+    if not isinstance(name, str):
+        return False, f"Name must be a string, got {type(name).__name__}"
+    name = name.strip()
+    if name:
+        # Check naming convention (hyphen-case: lowercase with hyphens)
+        if not re.match(r"^[a-z0-9-]+$", name):
+            return False, f"Name '{name}' should be hyphen-case (lowercase letters, digits, and hyphens only)"
+        if name.startswith("-") or name.endswith("-") or "--" in name:
+            return False, f"Name '{name}' cannot start/end with hyphen or contain consecutive hyphens"
+        # Check name length (max 64 characters per spec)
+        if len(name) > 64:
+            return False, f"Name is too long ({len(name)} characters). Maximum is 64 characters."
+
+    # Extract and validate description
+    description = frontmatter.get("description", "")
+    if not isinstance(description, str):
+        return False, f"Description must be a string, got {type(description).__name__}"
+    description = description.strip()
+    if description:
+        # Check for angle brackets
+        if "<" in description or ">" in description:
+            return False, "Description cannot contain angle brackets (< or >)"
+        # Check description length (max 1024 characters per spec)
+        if len(description) > 1024:
+            return False, f"Description is too long ({len(description)} characters). Maximum is 1024 characters."
+
+    return True, "Skill is valid!"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) != 2:
+        print("Usage: python quick_validate.py <skill_directory>")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    valid, message = validate_skill(sys.argv[1])
+    print(message)
+    sys.exit(0 if valid else 1)

.codex/skills

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../.claude/skills

.coveragerc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+[run]
+omit =
+    api/tests/*
+    api/migrations/*
+    api/core/rag/datasource/vdb/*

.cursorrules

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# Cursor Rules for Dify Project
-
-## Automated Test Generation
-
-- Use `web/testing/testing.md` as the canonical instruction set for generating frontend automated tests.
-- When proposing or saving tests, re-read that document and follow every requirement.

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 		"context": "..",
 		"dockerfile": "Dockerfile"
 	},
+	"mounts": [
+		"source=dify-dev-tmp,target=/tmp,type=volume"
+	],
 	"features": {
 		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/node:1": {
 			"nodeGypDependencies": true,
@@ -34,19 +37,13 @@
 	},
 	"postStartCommand": "./.devcontainer/post_start_command.sh",
 	"postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/post_create_command.sh"
-
 	// Features to add to the dev container. More info: https://containers.dev/features.
 	// "features": {},
-
 	// Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
 	// "forwardPorts": [],
-
 	// Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
 	// "postCreateCommand": "python --version",
-
 	// Configure tool-specific properties.
 	// "customizations": {},
-
 	// Uncomment to connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/dev-containers-non-root.
-	// "remoteUser": "root"
-}
+}

.devcontainer/post_create_command.sh

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 WORKSPACE_ROOT=$(pwd)
 
+export COREPACK_ENABLE_DOWNLOAD_PROMPT=0
 corepack enable
 cd web && pnpm install
 pipx install uv
 
 echo "alias start-api=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/api && uv run python -m flask run --host 0.0.0.0 --port=5001 --debug\"" >> ~/.bashrc
-echo "alias start-worker=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/api && uv run python -m celery -A app.celery worker -P threads -c 1 --loglevel INFO -Q dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor\"" >> ~/.bashrc
+echo "alias start-worker=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/api && uv run python -m celery -A app.celery worker -P threads -c 1 --loglevel INFO -Q dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor,retention\"" >> ~/.bashrc
 echo "alias start-web=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/web && pnpm dev\"" >> ~/.bashrc
 echo "alias start-web-prod=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/web && pnpm build && pnpm start\"" >> ~/.bashrc
 echo "alias start-containers=\"cd $WORKSPACE_ROOT/docker && docker-compose -f docker-compose.middleware.yaml -p dify --env-file middleware.env up -d\"" >> ~/.bashrc

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+# CODEOWNERS
+# This file defines code ownership for the Dify project.
+# Each line is a file pattern followed by one or more owners.
+# Owners can be @username, @org/team-name, or email addresses.
+# For more information, see: https://docs.github.com/en/repositories/managing-your-repositorys-settings-and-features/customizing-your-repository/about-code-owners
+
+* @crazywoola @laipz8200 @Yeuoly
+
+# CODEOWNERS file
+/.github/CODEOWNERS @laipz8200 @crazywoola
+
+# Docs
+/docs/ @crazywoola
+
+# Backend (default owner, more specific rules below will override)
+/api/ @QuantumGhost
+
+# Backend - MCP
+/api/core/mcp/ @Nov1c444
+/api/core/entities/mcp_provider.py @Nov1c444
+/api/services/tools/mcp_tools_manage_service.py @Nov1c444
+/api/controllers/mcp/ @Nov1c444
+/api/controllers/console/app/mcp_server.py @Nov1c444
+/api/tests/**/*mcp* @Nov1c444
+
+# Backend - Workflow - Engine (Core graph execution engine)
+/api/core/workflow/graph_engine/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+/api/core/workflow/runtime/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+/api/core/workflow/graph/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+/api/core/workflow/graph_events/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+/api/core/workflow/node_events/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+/api/core/model_runtime/ @laipz8200 @QuantumGhost
+
+# Backend - Workflow - Nodes (Agent, Iteration, Loop, LLM)
+/api/core/workflow/nodes/agent/ @Nov1c444
+/api/core/workflow/nodes/iteration/ @Nov1c444
+/api/core/workflow/nodes/loop/ @Nov1c444
+/api/core/workflow/nodes/llm/ @Nov1c444
+
+# Backend - RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation)
+/api/core/rag/ @JohnJyong
+/api/services/rag_pipeline/ @JohnJyong
+/api/services/dataset_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/knowledge_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/external_knowledge_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/hit_testing_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/metadata_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/vector_service.py @JohnJyong
+/api/services/entities/knowledge_entities/ @JohnJyong
+/api/services/entities/external_knowledge_entities/ @JohnJyong
+/api/controllers/console/datasets/ @JohnJyong
+/api/controllers/service_api/dataset/ @JohnJyong
+/api/models/dataset.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/rag_pipeline/ @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/add_document_to_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/batch_clean_document_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/clean_document_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/clean_notion_document_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/document_indexing_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/document_indexing_sync_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/document_indexing_update_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/duplicate_document_indexing_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/recover_document_indexing_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/remove_document_from_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/retry_document_indexing_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/sync_website_document_indexing_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/batch_create_segment_to_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/create_segment_to_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/delete_segment_from_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/disable_segment_from_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/disable_segments_from_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/enable_segment_to_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/enable_segments_to_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/clean_dataset_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/deal_dataset_index_update_task.py @JohnJyong
+/api/tasks/deal_dataset_vector_index_task.py @JohnJyong
+
+# Backend - Plugins
+/api/core/plugin/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly @Stream29
+/api/services/plugin/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly @Stream29
+/api/controllers/console/workspace/plugin.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly @Stream29
+/api/controllers/inner_api/plugin/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly @Stream29
+/api/tasks/process_tenant_plugin_autoupgrade_check_task.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly @Stream29
+
+# Backend - Trigger/Schedule/Webhook
+/api/controllers/trigger/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/controllers/console/app/workflow_trigger.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/controllers/console/workspace/trigger_providers.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/core/trigger/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/core/app/layers/trigger_post_layer.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/services/trigger/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/models/trigger.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/fields/workflow_trigger_fields.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/repositories/workflow_trigger_log_repository.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/repositories/sqlalchemy_workflow_trigger_log_repository.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/libs/schedule_utils.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/services/workflow/scheduler.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/schedule/trigger_provider_refresh_task.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/schedule/workflow_schedule_task.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/tasks/trigger_processing_tasks.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/tasks/trigger_subscription_refresh_tasks.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/tasks/workflow_schedule_tasks.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/tasks/workflow_cfs_scheduler/ @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/events/event_handlers/sync_plugin_trigger_when_app_created.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/events/event_handlers/update_app_triggers_when_app_published_workflow_updated.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/events/event_handlers/sync_workflow_schedule_when_app_published.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/events/event_handlers/sync_webhook_when_app_created.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+
+# Backend - Async Workflow
+/api/services/async_workflow_service.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+/api/tasks/async_workflow_tasks.py @Mairuis @Yeuoly
+
+# Backend - Billing
+/api/services/billing_service.py @hj24 @zyssyz123
+/api/controllers/console/billing/ @hj24 @zyssyz123
+
+# Backend - Enterprise
+/api/configs/enterprise/ @GarfieldDai @GareArc
+/api/services/enterprise/ @GarfieldDai @GareArc
+/api/services/feature_service.py @GarfieldDai @GareArc
+/api/controllers/console/feature.py @GarfieldDai @GareArc
+/api/controllers/web/feature.py @GarfieldDai @GareArc
+
+# Backend - Database Migrations
+/api/migrations/ @snakevash @laipz8200 @MRZHUH
+
+# Backend - Vector DB Middleware
+/api/configs/middleware/vdb/* @JohnJyong
+
+# Frontend
+/web/ @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Web Tests
+/.github/workflows/web-tests.yml @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - App - Orchestration
+/web/app/components/workflow/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/app/components/workflow-app/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/app/components/app/configuration/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/app/components/app/app-publisher/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - WebApp - Chat
+/web/app/components/base/chat/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - WebApp - Completion
+/web/app/components/share/text-generation/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - App - List and Creation
+/web/app/components/apps/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/create-app-dialog/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/create-app-modal/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/create-from-dsl-modal/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - App - API Documentation
+/web/app/components/develop/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - App - Logs and Annotations
+/web/app/components/app/workflow-log/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/log/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/log-annotation/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/annotation/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - App - Monitoring
+/web/app/(commonLayout)/app/(appDetailLayout)/\[appId\]/overview/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/overview/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - App - Settings
+/web/app/components/app-sidebar/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - RAG - Hit Testing
+/web/app/components/datasets/hit-testing/ @JzoNgKVO @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - RAG - List and Creation
+/web/app/components/datasets/list/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+/web/app/components/datasets/create/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+/web/app/components/datasets/create-from-pipeline/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+/web/app/components/datasets/external-knowledge-base/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+
+# Frontend - RAG - Orchestration (general rule first, specific rules below override)
+/web/app/components/rag-pipeline/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+/web/app/components/rag-pipeline/components/rag-pipeline-main.tsx @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/app/components/rag-pipeline/store/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - RAG - Documents List
+/web/app/components/datasets/documents/list.tsx @iamjoel @WTW0313
+/web/app/components/datasets/documents/create-from-pipeline/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+
+# Frontend - RAG - Segments List
+/web/app/components/datasets/documents/detail/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+
+# Frontend - RAG - Settings
+/web/app/components/datasets/settings/ @iamjoel @WTW0313
+
+# Frontend - Ecosystem - Plugins
+/web/app/components/plugins/ @iamjoel @zhsama
+
+# Frontend - Ecosystem - Tools
+/web/app/components/tools/ @iamjoel @Yessenia-d
+
+# Frontend - Ecosystem - MarketPlace
+/web/app/components/plugins/marketplace/ @iamjoel @Yessenia-d
+
+# Frontend - Login and Registration
+/web/app/signin/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/signup/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/reset-password/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/install/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/init/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/forgot-password/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/account/ @douxc @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Service Authentication
+/web/service/base.ts @douxc @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - WebApp Authentication and Access Control
+/web/app/(shareLayout)/components/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/(shareLayout)/webapp-signin/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/(shareLayout)/webapp-reset-password/ @douxc @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/app/app-access-control/ @douxc @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Explore Page
+/web/app/components/explore/ @CodingOnStar @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Personal Settings
+/web/app/components/header/account-setting/ @CodingOnStar @iamjoel
+/web/app/components/header/account-dropdown/ @CodingOnStar @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Analytics
+/web/app/components/base/ga/ @CodingOnStar @iamjoel
+
+# Frontend - Base Components
+/web/app/components/base/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - Utils and Hooks
+/web/utils/classnames.ts @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/utils/time.ts @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/utils/format.ts @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/utils/clipboard.ts @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/hooks/use-document-title.ts @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - Billing and Education
+/web/app/components/billing/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+/web/app/education-apply/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Frontend - Workspace
+/web/app/components/header/account-dropdown/workplace-selector/ @iamjoel @zxhlyh
+
+# Docker
+/docker/* @laipz8200

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/refactor.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-name: "✨ Refactor"
-description: Refactor existing code for improved readability and maintainability.
-title: "[Chore/Refactor] "
-labels:
-  - refactor
+name: "✨ Refactor or Chore"
+description: Refactor existing code or perform maintenance chores to improve readability and reliability.
+title: "[Refactor/Chore] "
 body:
   - type: checkboxes
     attributes:
@@ -11,7 +9,7 @@ body:
       options:
         - label: I have read the [Contributing Guide](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and [Language Policy](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/issues/1542).
           required: true
-        - label: This is only for refactoring, if you would like to ask a question, please head to [Discussions](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/discussions/categories/general).
+        - label: This is only for refactors or chores; if you would like to ask a question, please head to [Discussions](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/discussions/categories/general).
           required: true
         - label: I have searched for existing issues [search for existing issues](https://github.com/langgenius/dify/issues), including closed ones.
           required: true
@@ -25,14 +23,14 @@ body:
     id: description
     attributes:
       label: Description
-      placeholder: "Describe the refactor you are proposing."
+      placeholder: "Describe the refactor or chore you are proposing."
     validations:
       required: true
   - type: textarea
     id: motivation
     attributes:
       label: Motivation
-      placeholder: "Explain why this refactor is necessary."
+      placeholder: "Explain why this refactor or chore is necessary."
     validations:
       required: false
   - type: textarea

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/tracker.yml

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-name: "👾 Tracker"
-description: For inner usages, please do not use this template.
-title: "[Tracker] "
-labels:
-  - tracker
-body:
-  - type: textarea
-    id: content
-    attributes:
-      label: Blockers
-      placeholder: "- [ ] ..."
-    validations:
-      required: true

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# Copilot Instructions
-
-GitHub Copilot must follow the unified frontend testing requirements documented in `web/testing/testing.md`.
-
-Key reminders:
-
-- Generate tests using the mandated tech stack, naming, and code style (AAA pattern, `fireEvent`, descriptive test names, cleans up mocks).
-- Cover rendering, prop combinations, and edge cases by default; extend coverage for hooks, routing, async flows, and domain-specific components when applicable.
-- Target >95% line and branch coverage and 100% function/statement coverage.
-- Apply the project's mocking conventions for i18n, toast notifications, and Next.js utilities.
-
-Any suggestions from Copilot that conflict with `web/testing/testing.md` should be revised before acceptance.

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -20,4 +20,4 @@
 - [x] I understand that this PR may be closed in case there was no previous discussion or issues. (This doesn't apply to typos!)
 - [x] I've added a test for each change that was introduced, and I tried as much as possible to make a single atomic change.
 - [x] I've updated the documentation accordingly.
-- [x] I ran `dev/reformat`(backend) and `cd web && npx lint-staged`(frontend) to appease the lint gods
+- [x] I ran `make lint` and `make type-check` (backend) and `cd web && npx lint-staged` (frontend) to appease the lint gods

.github/workflows/api-tests.yml

@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Setup UV and Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
@@ -39,12 +39,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: uv sync --project api --dev
 
-      - name: Run pyrefly check
-        run: |
-          cd api
-          uv add --dev pyrefly
-          uv run pyrefly check || true
-
       - name: Run dify config tests
         run: uv run --project api dev/pytest/pytest_config_tests.py
 
@@ -57,7 +51,7 @@ jobs:
         run: sh .github/workflows/expose_service_ports.sh
 
       - name: Set up Sandbox
-        uses: hoverkraft-tech/compose-action@v2.0.2
+        uses: hoverkraft-tech/compose-action@v2
         with:
           compose-file: |
             docker/docker-compose.middleware.yaml
@@ -71,18 +65,18 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           cp api/tests/integration_tests/.env.example api/tests/integration_tests/.env
 
-      - name: Run Workflow
-        run: uv run --project api bash dev/pytest/pytest_workflow.sh
-
-      - name: Run Tool
-        run: uv run --project api bash dev/pytest/pytest_tools.sh
-
-      - name: Run TestContainers
-        run: uv run --project api bash dev/pytest/pytest_testcontainers.sh
-
-      - name: Run Unit tests
+      - name: Run API Tests
+        env:
+          STORAGE_TYPE: opendal
+          OPENDAL_SCHEME: fs
+          OPENDAL_FS_ROOT: /tmp/dify-storage
         run: |
-          uv run --project api bash dev/pytest/pytest_unit_tests.sh
+          uv run --project api pytest \
+            --timeout "${PYTEST_TIMEOUT:-180}" \
+            api/tests/integration_tests/workflow \
+            api/tests/integration_tests/tools \
+            api/tests/test_containers_integration_tests \
+            api/tests/unit_tests
 
       - name: Coverage Summary
         run: |
@@ -93,5 +87,12 @@ jobs:
           # Create a detailed coverage summary
           echo "### Test Coverage Summary :test_tube:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
           echo "Total Coverage: ${TOTAL_COVERAGE}%" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          uv run --project api coverage report --format=markdown >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-
+          {
+            echo ""
+            echo "<details><summary>File-level coverage (click to expand)</summary>"
+            echo ""
+            echo '```'
+            uv run --project api coverage report -m
+            echo '```'
+            echo "</details>"
+          } >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY

.github/workflows/autofix.yml

@@ -12,12 +12,29 @@ jobs:
     if: github.repository == 'langgenius/dify'
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
 
-      # Use uv to ensure we have the same ruff version in CI and locally.
-      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+      - name: Check Docker Compose inputs
+        id: docker-compose-changes
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v47
+        with:
+          files: |
+            docker/generate_docker_compose
+            docker/.env.example
+            docker/docker-compose-template.yaml
+            docker/docker-compose.yaml
+      - uses: actions/setup-python@v6
         with:
           python-version: "3.11"
+
+      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
+
+      - name: Generate Docker Compose
+        if: steps.docker-compose-changes.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
+        run: |
+          cd docker
+          ./generate_docker_compose
+
       - run: |
           cd api
           uv sync --dev
@@ -35,10 +52,11 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: ast-grep
         run: |
-          uvx --from ast-grep-cli sg --pattern 'db.session.query($WHATEVER).filter($HERE)' --rewrite 'db.session.query($WHATEVER).where($HERE)' -l py --update-all
-          uvx --from ast-grep-cli sg --pattern 'session.query($WHATEVER).filter($HERE)' --rewrite 'session.query($WHATEVER).where($HERE)' -l py --update-all
-          uvx --from ast-grep-cli sg -p '$A = db.Column($$$B)' -r '$A = mapped_column($$$B)' -l py --update-all
-          uvx --from ast-grep-cli sg -p '$A : $T = db.Column($$$B)' -r '$A : $T = mapped_column($$$B)' -l py --update-all
+          # ast-grep exits 1 if no matches are found; allow idempotent runs.
+          uvx --from ast-grep-cli ast-grep --pattern 'db.session.query($WHATEVER).filter($HERE)' --rewrite 'db.session.query($WHATEVER).where($HERE)' -l py --update-all || true
+          uvx --from ast-grep-cli ast-grep --pattern 'session.query($WHATEVER).filter($HERE)' --rewrite 'session.query($WHATEVER).where($HERE)' -l py --update-all || true
+          uvx --from ast-grep-cli ast-grep -p '$A = db.Column($$$B)' -r '$A = mapped_column($$$B)' -l py --update-all || true
+          uvx --from ast-grep-cli ast-grep -p '$A : $T = db.Column($$$B)' -r '$A : $T = mapped_column($$$B)' -l py --update-all || true
           # Convert Optional[T] to T | None (ignoring quoted types)
           cat > /tmp/optional-rule.yml << 'EOF'
           id: convert-optional-to-union
@@ -56,35 +74,14 @@ jobs:
                     pattern: $T
           fix: $T | None
           EOF
-          uvx --from ast-grep-cli sg scan --inline-rules "$(cat /tmp/optional-rule.yml)" --update-all
+          uvx --from ast-grep-cli ast-grep scan . --inline-rules "$(cat /tmp/optional-rule.yml)" --update-all
           # Fix forward references that were incorrectly converted (Python doesn't support "Type" | None syntax)
           find . -name "*.py" -type f -exec sed -i.bak -E 's/"([^"]+)" \| None/Optional["\1"]/g; s/'"'"'([^'"'"']+)'"'"' \| None/Optional['"'"'\1'"'"']/g' {} \;
           find . -name "*.py.bak" -type f -delete
 
+      # mdformat breaks YAML front matter in markdown files. Add --exclude for directories containing YAML front matter.
       - name: mdformat
         run: |
-          uvx mdformat .
-
-      - name: Install pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          package_json_file: web/package.json
-          run_install: false
-
-      - name: Setup NodeJS
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: 22
-          cache: pnpm
-          cache-dependency-path: ./web/package.json
-
-      - name: Web dependencies
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
-
-      - name: oxlint
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: |
-          pnpx oxlint --fix
+          uvx --python 3.13 mdformat . --exclude ".claude/skills/**/SKILL.md"
 
       - uses: autofix-ci/action@635ffb0c9798bd160680f18fd73371e355b85f27

.github/workflows/build-push.yml

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ jobs:
           touch "/tmp/digests/${sanitized_digest}"
 
       - name: Upload digest
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: digests-${{ matrix.context }}-${{ env.PLATFORM_PAIR }}
           path: /tmp/digests/*
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ jobs:
             context: "web"
     steps:
       - name: Download digests
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@v7
         with:
           path: /tmp/digests
           pattern: digests-${{ matrix.context }}-*

.github/workflows/db-migration-test.yml

@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Setup UV and Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           python-version: "3.12"
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Setup UV and Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           python-version: "3.12"

.github/workflows/deploy-agent-dev.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: Deploy Agent Dev
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["Build and Push API & Web"]
+    branches:
+      - "deploy/agent-dev"
+    types:
+      - completed
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: |
+      github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
+      github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'deploy/agent-dev'
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy to server
+        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v1
+        with:
+          host: ${{ secrets.AGENT_DEV_SSH_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.SSH_USER }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          script: |
+            ${{ vars.SSH_SCRIPT || secrets.SSH_SCRIPT }}

.github/workflows/deploy-dev.yml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ jobs:
       github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'deploy/dev'
     steps:
       - name: Deploy to server
-        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v0.1.8
+        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v1
         with:
           host: ${{ secrets.SSH_HOST }}
           username: ${{ secrets.SSH_USER }}

.github/workflows/deploy-hitl.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+name: Deploy HITL
+
+on:
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: ["Build and Push API & Web"]
+    branches:
+      - "feat/hitl-frontend"
+      - "feat/hitl-backend"
+    types:
+      - completed
+
+jobs:
+  deploy:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    if: |
+      github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
+      (
+        github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'feat/hitl-frontend' ||
+        github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'feat/hitl-backend'
+      )
+    steps:
+      - name: Deploy to server
+        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v1
+        with:
+          host: ${{ secrets.HITL_SSH_HOST }}
+          username: ${{ secrets.SSH_USER }}
+          key: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
+          script: |
+            ${{ vars.SSH_SCRIPT || secrets.SSH_SCRIPT }}

.github/workflows/deploy-trigger-dev.yml

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-name: Deploy Trigger Dev
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-on:
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: ["Build and Push API & Web"]
-    branches:
-      - "deploy/trigger-dev"
-    types:
-      - completed
-
-jobs:
-  deploy:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: |
-      github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
-      github.event.workflow_run.head_branch == 'deploy/trigger-dev'
-    steps:
-      - name: Deploy to server
-        uses: appleboy/ssh-action@v0.1.8
-        with:
-          host: ${{ secrets.TRIGGER_SSH_HOST }}
-          username: ${{ secrets.SSH_USER }}
-          key: ${{ secrets.SSH_PRIVATE_KEY }}
-          script: |
-            ${{ vars.SSH_SCRIPT || secrets.SSH_SCRIPT }}

.github/workflows/main-ci.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ jobs:
       vdb-changed: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.vdb }}
       migration-changed: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.migration }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
       - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
         id: changes
         with:
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ jobs:
               - '.github/workflows/api-tests.yml'
             web:
               - 'web/**'
+              - '.github/workflows/web-tests.yml'
             vdb:
               - 'api/core/rag/datasource/**'
               - 'docker/**'

.github/workflows/semantic-pull-request.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Semantic Pull Request
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types:
+      - opened
+      - edited
+      - reopened
+      - synchronize
+
+jobs:
+  lint:
+    name: Validate PR title
+    permissions:
+      pull-requests: read
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Check title
+        uses: amannn/action-semantic-pull-request@v6.1.1
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ jobs:
       pull-requests: write
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/stale@v5
+      - uses: actions/stale@v10
         with:
           days-before-issue-stale: 15
           days-before-issue-close: 3

.github/workflows/style.yml

@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Check changed files
         id: changed-files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v46
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v47
         with:
           files: |
             api/**
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Setup UV and Python
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: false
           python-version: "3.12"
@@ -65,18 +65,23 @@ jobs:
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: ./web
+    permissions:
+      checks: write
+      pull-requests: read
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Check changed files
         id: changed-files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v46
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v47
         with:
-          files: web/**
+          files: |
+            web/**
+            .github/workflows/style.yml
 
       - name: Install pnpm
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
@@ -85,12 +90,12 @@ jobs:
           run_install: false
 
       - name: Setup NodeJS
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
         with:
-          node-version: 22
+          node-version: 24
           cache: pnpm
-          cache-dependency-path: ./web/package.json
+          cache-dependency-path: ./web/pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Web dependencies
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
@@ -101,42 +106,30 @@ jobs:
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
         working-directory: ./web
         run: |
-          pnpm run lint
+          pnpm run lint:report
+        continue-on-error: true
+
+      # - name: Annotate Code
+      #   if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true' && github.event_name == 'pull_request'
+      #   uses: DerLev/eslint-annotations@51347b3a0abfb503fc8734d5ae31c4b151297fae
+      #   with:
+      #     eslint-report: web/eslint_report.json
+      #     github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
 
       - name: Web type check
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
         working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm run type-check
+        run: pnpm run type-check:tsgo
 
-  docker-compose-template:
-    name: Docker Compose Template
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-
-      - name: Check changed files
-        id: changed-files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v46
-        with:
-          files: |
-            docker/generate_docker_compose
-            docker/.env.example
-            docker/docker-compose-template.yaml
-            docker/docker-compose.yaml
-
-      - name: Generate Docker Compose
+      - name: Web dead code check
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        run: |
-          cd docker
-          ./generate_docker_compose
+        working-directory: ./web
+        run: pnpm run knip
 
-      - name: Check for changes
+      - name: Web build check
         if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        run: git diff --exit-code
+        working-directory: ./web
+        run: pnpm run build
 
   superlinter:
     name: SuperLinter
@@ -144,14 +137,14 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Check changed files
         id: changed-files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v46
+        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v47
         with:
           files: |
             **.sh

.github/workflows/tool-test-sdks.yaml

@@ -16,23 +16,19 @@ jobs:
     name: unit test for Node.js SDK
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        node-version: [16, 18, 20, 22]
-
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: sdks/nodejs-client
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
-      - name: Use Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+      - name: Use Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: ${{ matrix.node-version }}
+          node-version: 24
           cache: ''
           cache-dependency-path: 'pnpm-lock.yaml'
 

.github/workflows/translate-i18n-base-on-english.yml

@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
-name: Check i18n Files and Create PR
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-    paths:
-      - 'web/i18n/en-US/*.ts'
-
-permissions:
-  contents: write
-  pull-requests: write
-
-jobs:
-  check-and-update:
-    if: github.repository == 'langgenius/dify'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        working-directory: web
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Check for file changes in i18n/en-US
-        id: check_files
-        run: |
-          git fetch origin "${{ github.event.before }}" || true
-          git fetch origin "${{ github.sha }}" || true
-          changed_files=$(git diff --name-only "${{ github.event.before }}" "${{ github.sha }}" -- 'i18n/en-US/*.ts')
-          echo "Changed files: $changed_files"
-          if [ -n "$changed_files" ]; then
-            echo "FILES_CHANGED=true" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-            file_args=""
-            for file in $changed_files; do
-              filename=$(basename "$file" .ts)
-              file_args="$file_args --file $filename"
-            done
-            echo "FILE_ARGS=$file_args" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-            echo "File arguments: $file_args"
-          else
-            echo "FILES_CHANGED=false" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          fi
-
-      - name: Install pnpm
-        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
-        with:
-          package_json_file: web/package.json
-          run_install: false
-
-      - name: Set up Node.js
-        if: env.FILES_CHANGED == 'true'
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        with:
-          node-version: 'lts/*'
-          cache: pnpm
-          cache-dependency-path: ./web/package.json
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        if: env.FILES_CHANGED == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
-
-      - name: Generate i18n translations
-        if: env.FILES_CHANGED == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm run auto-gen-i18n ${{ env.FILE_ARGS }}
-
-      - name: Generate i18n type definitions
-        if: env.FILES_CHANGED == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm run gen:i18n-types
-
-      - name: Create Pull Request
-        if: env.FILES_CHANGED == 'true'
-        uses: peter-evans/create-pull-request@v6
-        with:
-          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          commit-message: Update i18n files and type definitions based on en-US changes
-          title: 'chore: translate i18n files and update type definitions'
-          body: |
-            This PR was automatically created to update i18n files and TypeScript type definitions based on changes in en-US locale.
-            
-            **Changes included:**
-            - Updated translation files for all locales
-            - Regenerated TypeScript type definitions for type safety
-          branch: chore/automated-i18n-updates

.github/workflows/translate-i18n-claude.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,421 @@
+name: Translate i18n Files with Claude Code
+
+# Note: claude-code-action doesn't support push events directly.
+# Push events are handled by trigger-i18n-sync.yml which sends repository_dispatch.
+# See: https://github.com/langgenius/dify/issues/30743
+
+on:
+  repository_dispatch:
+    types: [i18n-sync]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      files:
+        description: 'Specific files to translate (space-separated, e.g., "app common"). Leave empty for all files.'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+      languages:
+        description: 'Specific languages to translate (space-separated, e.g., "zh-Hans ja-JP"). Leave empty for all supported languages.'
+        required: false
+        type: string
+      mode:
+        description: 'Sync mode: incremental (only changes) or full (re-check all keys)'
+        required: false
+        default: 'incremental'
+        type: choice
+        options:
+          - incremental
+          - full
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+  pull-requests: write
+
+jobs:
+  translate:
+    if: github.repository == 'langgenius/dify'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Configure Git
+        run: |
+          git config --global user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config --global user.email "github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+
+      - name: Install pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
+        with:
+          package_json_file: web/package.json
+          run_install: false
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        with:
+          node-version: 24
+          cache: pnpm
+          cache-dependency-path: ./web/pnpm-lock.yaml
+
+      - name: Detect changed files and generate diff
+        id: detect_changes
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
+            # Manual trigger
+            if [ -n "${{ github.event.inputs.files }}" ]; then
+              echo "CHANGED_FILES=${{ github.event.inputs.files }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            else
+              # Get all JSON files in en-US directory
+              files=$(ls web/i18n/en-US/*.json 2>/dev/null | xargs -n1 basename | sed 's/.json$//' | tr '\n' ' ')
+              echo "CHANGED_FILES=$files" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            fi
+            echo "TARGET_LANGS=${{ github.event.inputs.languages }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "SYNC_MODE=${{ github.event.inputs.mode || 'incremental' }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+            # For manual trigger with incremental mode, get diff from last commit
+            # For full mode, we'll do a complete check anyway
+            if [ "${{ github.event.inputs.mode }}" == "full" ]; then
+              echo "Full mode: will check all keys" > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+              echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            else
+              git diff HEAD~1..HEAD -- 'web/i18n/en-US/*.json' > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt 2>/dev/null || echo "" > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+              if [ -s /tmp/i18n-diff.txt ]; then
+                echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              else
+                echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              fi
+            fi
+          elif [ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "repository_dispatch" ]; then
+            # Triggered by push via trigger-i18n-sync.yml workflow
+            # Validate required payload fields
+            if [ -z "${{ github.event.client_payload.changed_files }}" ]; then
+              echo "Error: repository_dispatch payload missing required 'changed_files' field" >&2
+              exit 1
+            fi
+            echo "CHANGED_FILES=${{ github.event.client_payload.changed_files }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "TARGET_LANGS=" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "SYNC_MODE=${{ github.event.client_payload.sync_mode || 'incremental' }}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+            # Decode the base64-encoded diff from the trigger workflow
+            if [ -n "${{ github.event.client_payload.diff_base64 }}" ]; then
+              if ! echo "${{ github.event.client_payload.diff_base64 }}" | base64 -d > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt 2>&1; then
+                echo "Warning: Failed to decode base64 diff payload" >&2
+                echo "" > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+                echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              elif [ -s /tmp/i18n-diff.txt ]; then
+                echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              else
+                echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+              fi
+            else
+              echo "" > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+              echo "DIFF_AVAILABLE=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            fi
+          else
+            echo "Unsupported event type: ${{ github.event_name }}"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          # Truncate diff if too large (keep first 50KB)
+          if [ -f /tmp/i18n-diff.txt ]; then
+            head -c 50000 /tmp/i18n-diff.txt > /tmp/i18n-diff-truncated.txt
+            mv /tmp/i18n-diff-truncated.txt /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+          fi
+
+          echo "Detected files: $(cat $GITHUB_OUTPUT | grep CHANGED_FILES || echo 'none')"
+
+      - name: Run Claude Code for Translation Sync
+        if: steps.detect_changes.outputs.CHANGED_FILES != ''
+        uses: anthropics/claude-code-action@v1
+        with:
+          anthropic_api_key: ${{ secrets.ANTHROPIC_API_KEY }}
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          prompt: |
+            You are a professional i18n synchronization engineer for the Dify project.
+            Your task is to keep all language translations in sync with the English source (en-US).
+
+            ## CRITICAL TOOL RESTRICTIONS
+            - Use **Read** tool to read files (NOT cat or bash)
+            - Use **Edit** tool to modify JSON files (NOT node, jq, or bash scripts)
+            - Use **Bash** ONLY for: git commands, gh commands, pnpm commands
+            - Run bash commands ONE BY ONE, never combine with && or ||
+            - NEVER use `$()` command substitution - it's not supported. Split into separate commands instead.
+
+            ## WORKING DIRECTORY & ABSOLUTE PATHS
+            Claude Code sandbox working directory may vary. Always use absolute paths:
+            - For pnpm: `pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web <command>`
+            - For git: `git -C ${{ github.workspace }} <command>`
+            - For gh: `gh --repo ${{ github.repository }} <command>`
+            - For file paths: `${{ github.workspace }}/web/i18n/`
+
+            ## EFFICIENCY RULES
+            - **ONE Edit per language file** - batch all key additions into a single Edit
+            - Insert new keys at the beginning of JSON (after `{`), lint:fix will sort them
+            - Translate ALL keys for a language mentally first, then do ONE Edit
+
+            ## Context
+            - Changed/target files: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.CHANGED_FILES }}
+            - Target languages (empty means all supported): ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.TARGET_LANGS }}
+            - Sync mode: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.SYNC_MODE }}
+            - Translation files are located in: ${{ github.workspace }}/web/i18n/{locale}/{filename}.json
+            - Language configuration is in: ${{ github.workspace }}/web/i18n-config/languages.ts
+            - Git diff is available: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.DIFF_AVAILABLE }}
+
+            ## CRITICAL DESIGN: Verify First, Then Sync
+
+            You MUST follow this three-phase approach:
+
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+            ║  PHASE 1: VERIFY - Analyze and Generate Change Report       ║
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+            ### Step 1.1: Analyze Git Diff (for incremental mode)
+            Use the Read tool to read `/tmp/i18n-diff.txt` to see the git diff.
+
+            Parse the diff to categorize changes:
+            - Lines with `+` (not `+++`): Added or modified values
+            - Lines with `-` (not `---`): Removed or old values
+            - Identify specific keys for each category:
+              * ADD: Keys that appear only in `+` lines (new keys)
+              * UPDATE: Keys that appear in both `-` and `+` lines (value changed)
+              * DELETE: Keys that appear only in `-` lines (removed keys)
+
+            ### Step 1.2: Read Language Configuration
+            Use the Read tool to read `${{ github.workspace }}/web/i18n-config/languages.ts`.
+            Extract all languages with `supported: true`.
+
+            ### Step 1.3: Run i18n:check for Each Language
+            ```bash
+            pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web install --frozen-lockfile
+            ```
+            ```bash
+            pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web run i18n:check
+            ```
+
+            This will report:
+            - Missing keys (need to ADD)
+            - Extra keys (need to DELETE)
+
+            ### Step 1.4: Generate Change Report
+
+            Create a structured report identifying:
+            ```
+            ╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
+            ║                    I18N SYNC CHANGE REPORT                   ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ Files to process: [list]                                     ║
+            ║ Languages to sync: [list]                                    ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ ADD (New Keys):                                              ║
+            ║   - [filename].[key]: "English value"                        ║
+            ║   ...                                                        ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ UPDATE (Modified Keys - MUST re-translate):                  ║
+            ║   - [filename].[key]: "Old value" → "New value"              ║
+            ║   ...                                                        ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ DELETE (Extra Keys):                                         ║
+            ║   - [language]/[filename].[key]                              ║
+            ║   ...                                                        ║
+            ╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
+            ```
+
+            **IMPORTANT**: For UPDATE detection, compare git diff to find keys where
+            the English value changed. These MUST be re-translated even if target
+            language already has a translation (it's now stale!).
+
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+            ║  PHASE 2: SYNC - Execute Changes Based on Report            ║
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+            ### Step 2.1: Process ADD Operations (BATCH per language file)
+
+            **CRITICAL WORKFLOW for efficiency:**
+            1. First, translate ALL new keys for ALL languages mentally
+            2. Then, for EACH language file, do ONE Edit operation:
+               - Read the file once
+               - Insert ALL new keys at the beginning (right after the opening `{`)
+               - Don't worry about alphabetical order - lint:fix will sort them later
+
+            Example Edit (adding 3 keys to zh-Hans/app.json):
+            ```
+            old_string: '{\n  "accessControl"'
+            new_string: '{\n  "newKey1": "translation1",\n  "newKey2": "translation2",\n  "newKey3": "translation3",\n  "accessControl"'
+            ```
+
+            **IMPORTANT**:
+            - ONE Edit per language file (not one Edit per key!)
+            - Always use the Edit tool. NEVER use bash scripts, node, or jq.
+
+            ### Step 2.2: Process UPDATE Operations
+
+            **IMPORTANT: Special handling for zh-Hans and ja-JP**
+            If zh-Hans or ja-JP files were ALSO modified in the same push:
+            - Run: `git -C ${{ github.workspace }} diff HEAD~1 --name-only` and check for zh-Hans or ja-JP files
+            - If found, it means someone manually translated them. Apply these rules:
+
+            1. **Missing keys**: Still ADD them (completeness required)
+            2. **Existing translations**: Compare with the NEW English value:
+               - If translation is **completely wrong** or **unrelated** → Update it
+               - If translation is **roughly correct** (captures the meaning) → Keep it, respect manual work
+               - When in doubt, **keep the manual translation**
+
+            Example:
+            - English changed: "Save" → "Save Changes"
+            - Manual translation: "保存更改" → Keep it (correct meaning)
+            - Manual translation: "删除" → Update it (completely wrong)
+
+            For other languages:
+            Use Edit tool to replace the old value with the new translation.
+            You can batch multiple updates in one Edit if they are adjacent.
+
+            ### Step 2.3: Process DELETE Operations
+            For extra keys reported by i18n:check:
+            - Run: `pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web run i18n:check --auto-remove`
+            - Or manually remove from target language JSON files
+
+            ## Translation Guidelines
+
+            - PRESERVE all placeholders exactly as-is:
+              - `{{variable}}` - Mustache interpolation
+              - `${variable}` - Template literal
+              - `<tag>content</tag>` - HTML tags
+              - `_one`, `_other` - Pluralization suffixes (these are KEY suffixes, not values)
+            - Use appropriate language register (formal/informal) based on existing translations
+            - Match existing translation style in each language
+            - Technical terms: check existing conventions per language
+            - For CJK languages: no spaces between characters unless necessary
+            - For RTL languages (ar-TN, fa-IR): ensure proper text handling
+
+            ## Output Format Requirements
+            - Alphabetical key ordering (if original file uses it)
+            - 2-space indentation
+            - Trailing newline at end of file
+            - Valid JSON (use proper escaping for special characters)
+
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+            ║  PHASE 3: RE-VERIFY - Confirm All Issues Resolved           ║
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+            ### Step 3.1: Run Lint Fix (IMPORTANT!)
+            ```bash
+            pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web lint:fix --quiet -- 'i18n/**/*.json'
+            ```
+            This ensures:
+            - JSON keys are sorted alphabetically (jsonc/sort-keys rule)
+            - Valid i18n keys (dify-i18n/valid-i18n-keys rule)
+            - No extra keys (dify-i18n/no-extra-keys rule)
+
+            ### Step 3.2: Run Final i18n Check
+            ```bash
+            pnpm --dir ${{ github.workspace }}/web run i18n:check
+            ```
+
+            ### Step 3.3: Fix Any Remaining Issues
+            If check reports issues:
+            - Go back to PHASE 2 for unresolved items
+            - Repeat until check passes
+
+            ### Step 3.4: Generate Final Summary
+            ```
+            ╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
+            ║                    SYNC COMPLETED SUMMARY                    ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ Language      │ Added │ Updated │ Deleted │ Status          ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ zh-Hans       │  5    │   2     │    1    │ ✓ Complete      ║
+            ║ ja-JP         │  5    │   2     │    1    │ ✓ Complete      ║
+            ║ ...           │ ...   │  ...    │   ...   │ ...             ║
+            ╠══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
+            ║ i18n:check    │ PASSED - All keys in sync                   ║
+            ╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
+            ```
+
+            ## Mode-Specific Behavior
+
+            **SYNC_MODE = "incremental"** (default):
+            - Focus on keys identified from git diff
+            - Also check i18n:check output for any missing/extra keys
+            - Efficient for small changes
+
+            **SYNC_MODE = "full"**:
+            - Compare ALL keys between en-US and each language
+            - Run i18n:check to identify all discrepancies
+            - Use for first-time sync or fixing historical issues
+
+            ## Important Notes
+
+            1. Always run i18n:check BEFORE and AFTER making changes
+            2. The check script is the source of truth for missing/extra keys
+            3. For UPDATE scenario: git diff is the source of truth for changed values
+            4. Create a single commit with all translation changes
+            5. If any translation fails, continue with others and report failures
+
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+            ║  PHASE 4: COMMIT AND CREATE PR                              ║
+            ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
+
+            After all translations are complete and verified:
+
+            ### Step 4.1: Check for changes
+            ```bash
+            git -C ${{ github.workspace }} status --porcelain
+            ```
+
+            If there are changes:
+
+            ### Step 4.2: Create a new branch and commit
+            Run these git commands ONE BY ONE (not combined with &&).
+            **IMPORTANT**: Do NOT use `$()` command substitution. Use two separate commands:
+
+            1. First, get the timestamp:
+            ```bash
+            date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S
+            ```
+            (Note the output, e.g., "20260115-143052")
+
+            2. Then create branch using the timestamp value:
+            ```bash
+            git -C ${{ github.workspace }} checkout -b chore/i18n-sync-20260115-143052
+            ```
+            (Replace "20260115-143052" with the actual timestamp from step 1)
+
+            3. Stage changes:
+            ```bash
+            git -C ${{ github.workspace }} add web/i18n/
+            ```
+
+            4. Commit:
+            ```bash
+            git -C ${{ github.workspace }} commit -m "chore(i18n): sync translations with en-US - Mode: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.SYNC_MODE }}"
+            ```
+
+            5. Push:
+            ```bash
+            git -C ${{ github.workspace }} push origin HEAD
+            ```
+
+            ### Step 4.3: Create Pull Request
+            ```bash
+            gh pr create --repo ${{ github.repository }} --title "chore(i18n): sync translations with en-US" --body "## Summary
+
+            This PR was automatically generated to sync i18n translation files.
+
+            ### Changes
+            - Mode: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.SYNC_MODE }}
+            - Files processed: ${{ steps.detect_changes.outputs.CHANGED_FILES }}
+
+            ### Verification
+            - [x] \`i18n:check\` passed
+            - [x] \`lint:fix\` applied
+
+            🤖 Generated with Claude Code GitHub Action" --base main
+            ```
+
+          claude_args: |
+            --max-turns 150
+            --allowedTools "Read,Write,Edit,Bash(git *),Bash(git:*),Bash(gh *),Bash(gh:*),Bash(pnpm *),Bash(pnpm:*),Bash(date *),Bash(date:*),Glob,Grep"

.github/workflows/trigger-i18n-sync.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+name: Trigger i18n Sync on Push
+
+# This workflow bridges the push event to repository_dispatch
+# because claude-code-action doesn't support push events directly.
+# See: https://github.com/langgenius/dify/issues/30743
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+    paths:
+      - 'web/i18n/en-US/*.json'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+jobs:
+  trigger:
+    if: github.repository == 'langgenius/dify'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 5
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Detect changed files and generate diff
+        id: detect
+        run: |
+          BEFORE_SHA="${{ github.event.before }}"
+          # Handle edge case: force push may have null/zero SHA
+          if [ -z "$BEFORE_SHA" ] || [ "$BEFORE_SHA" = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000" ]; then
+            BEFORE_SHA="HEAD~1"
+          fi
+
+          # Detect changed i18n files
+          changed=$(git diff --name-only "$BEFORE_SHA" "${{ github.sha }}" -- 'web/i18n/en-US/*.json' 2>/dev/null | xargs -n1 basename 2>/dev/null | sed 's/.json$//' | tr '\n' ' ' || echo "")
+          echo "changed_files=$changed" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          # Generate diff for context
+          git diff "$BEFORE_SHA" "${{ github.sha }}" -- 'web/i18n/en-US/*.json' > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt 2>/dev/null || echo "" > /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+
+          # Truncate if too large (keep first 50KB to match receiving workflow)
+          head -c 50000 /tmp/i18n-diff.txt > /tmp/i18n-diff-truncated.txt
+          mv /tmp/i18n-diff-truncated.txt /tmp/i18n-diff.txt
+
+          # Base64 encode the diff for safe JSON transport (portable, single-line)
+          diff_base64=$(base64 < /tmp/i18n-diff.txt | tr -d '\n')
+          echo "diff_base64=$diff_base64" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+          if [ -n "$changed" ]; then
+            echo "has_changes=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "Detected changed files: $changed"
+          else
+            echo "has_changes=false" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+            echo "No i18n changes detected"
+          fi
+
+      - name: Trigger i18n sync workflow
+        if: steps.detect.outputs.has_changes == 'true'
+        uses: peter-evans/repository-dispatch@v3
+        with:
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          event-type: i18n-sync
+          client-payload: '{"changed_files": "${{ steps.detect.outputs.changed_files }}", "diff_base64": "${{ steps.detect.outputs.diff_base64 }}", "sync_mode": "incremental", "trigger_sha": "${{ github.sha }}"}'

.github/workflows/vdb-tests.yml

@@ -19,19 +19,19 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Free Disk Space
-        uses: endersonmenezes/free-disk-space@v2
+        uses: endersonmenezes/free-disk-space@v3
         with:
           remove_dotnet: true
           remove_haskell: true
           remove_tool_cache: true
 
       - name: Setup UV and Python
-        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
+        uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v7
         with:
           enable-cache: true
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}

.github/workflows/web-tests.yml

@@ -13,46 +13,356 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     defaults:
       run:
+        shell: bash
         working-directory: ./web
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v6
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 
-      - name: Check changed files
-        id: changed-files
-        uses: tj-actions/changed-files@v46
-        with:
-          files: web/**
-
       - name: Install pnpm
-        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
         uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
         with:
           package_json_file: web/package.json
           run_install: false
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
-        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
         with:
-          node-version: 22
+          node-version: 24
           cache: pnpm
-          cache-dependency-path: ./web/package.json
+          cache-dependency-path: ./web/pnpm-lock.yaml
 
       - name: Install dependencies
-        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
         run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
 
-      - name: Check i18n types synchronization
-        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm run check:i18n-types
-
       - name: Run tests
-        if: steps.changed-files.outputs.any_changed == 'true'
-        working-directory: ./web
-        run: pnpm test
+        run: pnpm test:coverage
+
+      - name: Coverage Summary
+        if: always()
+        id: coverage-summary
+        run: |
+          set -eo pipefail
+
+          COVERAGE_FILE="coverage/coverage-final.json"
+          COVERAGE_SUMMARY_FILE="coverage/coverage-summary.json"
+
+          if [ ! -f "$COVERAGE_FILE" ] && [ ! -f "$COVERAGE_SUMMARY_FILE" ]; then
+            echo "has_coverage=false" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+            echo "### 🚨 Test Coverage Report :test_tube:" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            echo "Coverage data not found. Ensure Vitest runs with coverage enabled." >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          echo "has_coverage=true" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+          node <<'NODE' >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          const fs = require('fs');
+          const path = require('path');
+          let libCoverage = null;
+
+          try {
+            libCoverage = require('istanbul-lib-coverage');
+          } catch (error) {
+            libCoverage = null;
+          }
+
+          const summaryPath = path.join('coverage', 'coverage-summary.json');
+          const finalPath = path.join('coverage', 'coverage-final.json');
+
+          const hasSummary = fs.existsSync(summaryPath);
+          const hasFinal = fs.existsSync(finalPath);
+
+          if (!hasSummary && !hasFinal) {
+            console.log('### Test Coverage Summary :test_tube:');
+            console.log('');
+            console.log('No coverage data found.');
+            process.exit(0);
+          }
+
+          const summary = hasSummary
+            ? JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(summaryPath, 'utf8'))
+            : null;
+          const coverage = hasFinal
+            ? JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(finalPath, 'utf8'))
+            : null;
+
+          const getLineCoverageFromStatements = (statementMap, statementHits) => {
+            const lineHits = {};
+
+            if (!statementMap || !statementHits) {
+              return lineHits;
+            }
+
+            Object.entries(statementMap).forEach(([key, statement]) => {
+              const line = statement?.start?.line;
+              if (!line) {
+                return;
+              }
+              const hits = statementHits[key] ?? 0;
+              const previous = lineHits[line];
+              lineHits[line] = previous === undefined ? hits : Math.max(previous, hits);
+            });
+
+            return lineHits;
+          };
+
+          const getFileCoverage = (entry) => (
+            libCoverage ? libCoverage.createFileCoverage(entry) : null
+          );
+
+          const getLineHits = (entry, fileCoverage) => {
+            const lineHits = entry.l ?? {};
+            if (Object.keys(lineHits).length > 0) {
+              return lineHits;
+            }
+            if (fileCoverage) {
+              return fileCoverage.getLineCoverage();
+            }
+            return getLineCoverageFromStatements(entry.statementMap ?? {}, entry.s ?? {});
+          };
+
+          const getUncoveredLines = (entry, fileCoverage, lineHits) => {
+            if (lineHits && Object.keys(lineHits).length > 0) {
+              return Object.entries(lineHits)
+                .filter(([, count]) => count === 0)
+                .map(([line]) => Number(line))
+                .sort((a, b) => a - b);
+            }
+            if (fileCoverage) {
+              return fileCoverage.getUncoveredLines();
+            }
+            return [];
+          };
+
+          const totals = {
+            lines: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+            statements: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+            branches: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+            functions: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+          };
+          const fileSummaries = [];
+
+          if (summary) {
+            const totalEntry = summary.total ?? {};
+            ['lines', 'statements', 'branches', 'functions'].forEach((key) => {
+              if (totalEntry[key]) {
+                totals[key].covered = totalEntry[key].covered ?? 0;
+                totals[key].total = totalEntry[key].total ?? 0;
+              }
+            });
+
+            Object.entries(summary)
+              .filter(([file]) => file !== 'total')
+              .forEach(([file, data]) => {
+                fileSummaries.push({
+                  file,
+                  pct: data.lines?.pct ?? data.statements?.pct ?? 0,
+                  lines: {
+                    covered: data.lines?.covered ?? 0,
+                    total: data.lines?.total ?? 0,
+                  },
+                });
+              });
+          } else if (coverage) {
+            Object.entries(coverage).forEach(([file, entry]) => {
+              const fileCoverage = getFileCoverage(entry);
+              const lineHits = getLineHits(entry, fileCoverage);
+              const statementHits = entry.s ?? {};
+              const branchHits = entry.b ?? {};
+              const functionHits = entry.f ?? {};
+
+              const lineTotal = Object.keys(lineHits).length;
+              const lineCovered = Object.values(lineHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+
+              const statementTotal = Object.keys(statementHits).length;
+              const statementCovered = Object.values(statementHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+
+              const branchTotal = Object.values(branchHits).reduce((acc, branches) => acc + branches.length, 0);
+              const branchCovered = Object.values(branchHits).reduce(
+                (acc, branches) => acc + branches.filter((n) => n > 0).length,
+                0,
+              );
+
+              const functionTotal = Object.keys(functionHits).length;
+              const functionCovered = Object.values(functionHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+
+              totals.lines.total += lineTotal;
+              totals.lines.covered += lineCovered;
+              totals.statements.total += statementTotal;
+              totals.statements.covered += statementCovered;
+              totals.branches.total += branchTotal;
+              totals.branches.covered += branchCovered;
+              totals.functions.total += functionTotal;
+              totals.functions.covered += functionCovered;
+
+              const pct = (covered, tot) => (tot > 0 ? (covered / tot) * 100 : 0);
+
+              fileSummaries.push({
+                file,
+                pct: pct(lineCovered || statementCovered, lineTotal || statementTotal),
+                lines: {
+                  covered: lineCovered || statementCovered,
+                  total: lineTotal || statementTotal,
+                },
+              });
+            });
+          }
+
+          const pct = (covered, tot) => (tot > 0 ? ((covered / tot) * 100).toFixed(2) : '0.00');
+
+          console.log('### Test Coverage Summary :test_tube:');
+          console.log('');
+          console.log('| Metric | Coverage | Covered / Total |');
+          console.log('|--------|----------|-----------------|');
+          console.log(`| Lines | ${pct(totals.lines.covered, totals.lines.total)}% | ${totals.lines.covered} / ${totals.lines.total} |`);
+          console.log(`| Statements | ${pct(totals.statements.covered, totals.statements.total)}% | ${totals.statements.covered} / ${totals.statements.total} |`);
+          console.log(`| Branches | ${pct(totals.branches.covered, totals.branches.total)}% | ${totals.branches.covered} / ${totals.branches.total} |`);
+          console.log(`| Functions | ${pct(totals.functions.covered, totals.functions.total)}% | ${totals.functions.covered} / ${totals.functions.total} |`);
+
+          console.log('');
+          console.log('<details><summary>File coverage (lowest lines first)</summary>');
+          console.log('');
+          console.log('```');
+          fileSummaries
+            .sort((a, b) => (a.pct - b.pct) || (b.lines.total - a.lines.total))
+            .slice(0, 25)
+            .forEach(({ file, pct, lines }) => {
+              console.log(`${pct.toFixed(2)}%\t${lines.covered}/${lines.total}\t${file}`);
+            });
+          console.log('```');
+          console.log('</details>');
+
+          if (coverage) {
+            const pctValue = (covered, tot) => {
+              if (tot === 0) {
+                return '0';
+              }
+              return ((covered / tot) * 100)
+                .toFixed(2)
+                .replace(/\.?0+$/, '');
+            };
+
+            const formatLineRanges = (lines) => {
+              if (lines.length === 0) {
+                return '';
+              }
+              const ranges = [];
+              let start = lines[0];
+              let end = lines[0];
+
+              for (let i = 1; i < lines.length; i += 1) {
+                const current = lines[i];
+                if (current === end + 1) {
+                  end = current;
+                  continue;
+                }
+                ranges.push(start === end ? `${start}` : `${start}-${end}`);
+                start = current;
+                end = current;
+              }
+              ranges.push(start === end ? `${start}` : `${start}-${end}`);
+              return ranges.join(',');
+            };
+
+            const tableTotals = {
+              statements: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+              branches: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+              functions: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+              lines: { covered: 0, total: 0 },
+            };
+            const tableRows = Object.entries(coverage)
+              .map(([file, entry]) => {
+                const fileCoverage = getFileCoverage(entry);
+                const lineHits = getLineHits(entry, fileCoverage);
+                const statementHits = entry.s ?? {};
+                const branchHits = entry.b ?? {};
+                const functionHits = entry.f ?? {};
+
+                const lineTotal = Object.keys(lineHits).length;
+                const lineCovered = Object.values(lineHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+                const statementTotal = Object.keys(statementHits).length;
+                const statementCovered = Object.values(statementHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+                const branchTotal = Object.values(branchHits).reduce((acc, branches) => acc + branches.length, 0);
+                const branchCovered = Object.values(branchHits).reduce(
+                  (acc, branches) => acc + branches.filter((n) => n > 0).length,
+                  0,
+                );
+                const functionTotal = Object.keys(functionHits).length;
+                const functionCovered = Object.values(functionHits).filter((n) => n > 0).length;
+
+                tableTotals.lines.total += lineTotal;
+                tableTotals.lines.covered += lineCovered;
+                tableTotals.statements.total += statementTotal;
+                tableTotals.statements.covered += statementCovered;
+                tableTotals.branches.total += branchTotal;
+                tableTotals.branches.covered += branchCovered;
+                tableTotals.functions.total += functionTotal;
+                tableTotals.functions.covered += functionCovered;
+
+                const uncoveredLines = getUncoveredLines(entry, fileCoverage, lineHits);
+
+                const filePath = entry.path ?? file;
+                const relativePath = path.isAbsolute(filePath)
+                  ? path.relative(process.cwd(), filePath)
+                  : filePath;
+
+                return {
+                  file: relativePath || file,
+                  statements: pctValue(statementCovered, statementTotal),
+                  branches: pctValue(branchCovered, branchTotal),
+                  functions: pctValue(functionCovered, functionTotal),
+                  lines: pctValue(lineCovered, lineTotal),
+                  uncovered: formatLineRanges(uncoveredLines),
+                };
+              })
+              .sort((a, b) => a.file.localeCompare(b.file));
+
+            const columns = [
+              { key: 'file', header: 'File', align: 'left' },
+              { key: 'statements', header: '% Stmts', align: 'right' },
+              { key: 'branches', header: '% Branch', align: 'right' },
+              { key: 'functions', header: '% Funcs', align: 'right' },
+              { key: 'lines', header: '% Lines', align: 'right' },
+              { key: 'uncovered', header: 'Uncovered Line #s', align: 'left' },
+            ];
+
+            const allFilesRow = {
+              file: 'All files',
+              statements: pctValue(tableTotals.statements.covered, tableTotals.statements.total),
+              branches: pctValue(tableTotals.branches.covered, tableTotals.branches.total),
+              functions: pctValue(tableTotals.functions.covered, tableTotals.functions.total),
+              lines: pctValue(tableTotals.lines.covered, tableTotals.lines.total),
+              uncovered: '',
+            };
+
+            const rowsForOutput = [allFilesRow, ...tableRows];
+            const formatRow = (row) => `| ${columns
+              .map(({ key }) => String(row[key] ?? ''))
+              .join(' | ')} |`;
+            const headerRow = `| ${columns.map(({ header }) => header).join(' | ')} |`;
+            const dividerRow = `| ${columns
+              .map(({ align }) => (align === 'right' ? '---:' : ':---'))
+              .join(' | ')} |`;
+
+            console.log('');
+            console.log('<details><summary>Vitest coverage table</summary>');
+            console.log('');
+            console.log(headerRow);
+            console.log(dividerRow);
+            rowsForOutput.forEach((row) => console.log(formatRow(row)));
+            console.log('</details>');
+          }
+          NODE
+
+      - name: Upload Coverage Artifact
+        if: steps.coverage-summary.outputs.has_coverage == 'true'
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        with:
+          name: web-coverage-report
+          path: web/coverage
+          retention-days: 30
+          if-no-files-found: error

.gitignore

@@ -139,7 +139,6 @@ pyrightconfig.json
 .idea/'
 
 .DS_Store
-web/.vscode/settings.json
 
 # Intellij IDEA Files
 .idea/*
@@ -189,12 +188,14 @@ docker/volumes/matrixone/*
 docker/volumes/mysql/*
 docker/volumes/seekdb/*
 !docker/volumes/oceanbase/init.d
+docker/volumes/iris/*
 
 docker/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
 docker/nginx/ssl/*
 !docker/nginx/ssl/.gitkeep
 docker/middleware.env
 docker/docker-compose.override.yaml
+docker/env-backup/*
 
 sdks/python-client/build
 sdks/python-client/dist
@@ -204,7 +205,6 @@ sdks/python-client/dify_client.egg-info
 !.vscode/launch.json.template
 !.vscode/README.md
 api/.vscode
-web/.vscode
 # vscode Code History Extension
 .history
 
@@ -219,15 +219,6 @@ plugins.jsonl
 # mise
 mise.toml
 
-# Next.js build output
-.next/
-
-# PWA generated files
-web/public/sw.js
-web/public/sw.js.map
-web/public/workbox-*.js
-web/public/workbox-*.js.map
-web/public/fallback-*.js
 
 # AI Assistant
 .roo/
@@ -244,3 +235,4 @@ scripts/stress-test/reports/
 
 # settings
 *.local.json
+*.local.md

.mcp.json

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "mcpServers": {
-      "context7": {
-        "type": "http",
-        "url": "https://mcp.context7.com/mcp"
-      },
-      "sequential-thinking": {
-        "type": "stdio",
-        "command": "npx",
-        "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-sequential-thinking"],
-        "env": {}
-      },
-      "github": {
-        "type": "stdio",
-        "command": "npx",
-        "args": ["-y", "@modelcontextprotocol/server-github"],
-        "env": {
-          "GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN": "${GITHUB_PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN}"
-        }
-      },
-      "fetch": {
-        "type": "stdio",
-        "command": "uvx",
-        "args": ["mcp-server-fetch"],
-        "env": {}
-      },
-      "playwright": {
-        "type": "stdio",
-        "command": "npx",
-        "args": ["-y", "@playwright/mcp@latest"],
-        "env": {}
-      }
-    }
-  }

.vscode/launch.json.template

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
                 "-c",
                 "1",
                 "-Q",
-                "dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor",
+                "dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor,retention",
                 "--loglevel",
                 "INFO"
             ],

.windsurf/rules/testing.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-# Windsurf Testing Rules
-
-- Use `web/testing/testing.md` as the single source of truth for frontend automated testing.
-- Honor every requirement in that document when generating or accepting tests.
-- When proposing or saving tests, re-read that document and follow every requirement.

AGENTS.md

@@ -12,20 +12,16 @@ The codebase is split into:
 
 ## Backend Workflow
 
+- Read `api/AGENTS.md` for details
 - Run backend CLI commands through `uv run --project api <command>`.
-
-- Before submission, all backend modifications must pass local checks: `make lint`, `make type-check`, and `uv run --project api --dev dev/pytest/pytest_unit_tests.sh`.
-
-- Use Makefile targets for linting and formatting; `make lint` and `make type-check` cover the required checks.
-
 - Integration tests are CI-only and are not expected to run in the local environment.
 
 ## Frontend Workflow
 
 ```bash
 cd web
-pnpm lint
 pnpm lint:fix
+pnpm type-check:tsgo
 pnpm test
 ```
 
@@ -39,7 +35,7 @@ pnpm test
 ## Language Style
 
 - **Python**: Keep type hints on functions and attributes, and implement relevant special methods (e.g., `__repr__`, `__str__`).
-- **TypeScript**: Use the strict config, lean on ESLint + Prettier workflows, and avoid `any` types.
+- **TypeScript**: Use the strict config, rely on ESLint (`pnpm lint:fix` preferred) plus `pnpm type-check:tsgo`, and avoid `any` types.
 
 ## General Practices
 

Makefile

@@ -60,9 +60,11 @@ check:
 	@echo "✅ Code check complete"
 
 lint:
-	@echo "🔧 Running ruff format, check with fixes, and import linter..."
-	@uv run --project api --dev sh -c 'ruff format ./api && ruff check --fix ./api'
+	@echo "🔧 Running ruff format, check with fixes, import linter, and dotenv-linter..."
+	@uv run --project api --dev ruff format ./api
+	@uv run --project api --dev ruff check --fix ./api
 	@uv run --directory api --dev lint-imports
+	@uv run --project api --dev dotenv-linter ./api/.env.example ./web/.env.example
 	@echo "✅ Linting complete"
 
 type-check:
@@ -72,7 +74,12 @@ type-check:
 
 test:
 	@echo "🧪 Running backend unit tests..."
-	@uv run --project api --dev dev/pytest/pytest_unit_tests.sh
+	@if [ -n "$(TARGET_TESTS)" ]; then \
+		echo "Target: $(TARGET_TESTS)"; \
+		uv run --project api --dev pytest $(TARGET_TESTS); \
+	else \
+		uv run --project api --dev dev/pytest/pytest_unit_tests.sh; \
+	fi
 	@echo "✅ Tests complete"
 
 # Build Docker images
@@ -122,9 +129,9 @@ help:
 	@echo "Backend Code Quality:"
 	@echo "  make format         - Format code with ruff"
 	@echo "  make check          - Check code with ruff"
-	@echo "  make lint           - Format and fix code with ruff"
+	@echo "  make lint           - Format, fix, and lint code (ruff, imports, dotenv)"
 	@echo "  make type-check     - Run type checking with basedpyright"
-	@echo "  make test           - Run backend unit tests"
+	@echo "  make test           - Run backend unit tests (or TARGET_TESTS=./api/tests/<target_tests>)"
 	@echo ""
 	@echo "Docker Build Targets:"
 	@echo "  make build-web      - Build web Docker image"

README.md

@@ -36,6 +36,12 @@
         <img alt="Issues closed" src="https://img.shields.io/github/issues-search?query=repo%3Alanggenius%2Fdify%20is%3Aclosed&label=issues%20closed&labelColor=%20%237d89b0&color=%20%235d6b98"></a>
     <a href="https://github.com/langgenius/dify/discussions/" target="_blank">
         <img alt="Discussion posts" src="https://img.shields.io/github/discussions/langgenius/dify?labelColor=%20%239b8afb&color=%20%237a5af8"></a>
+    <a href="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/project/langgenius-dify" target="_blank">
+        <img alt="LFX Health Score" src="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/api/badge/health-score?project=langgenius-dify"></a>
+    <a href="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/project/langgenius-dify" target="_blank">
+        <img alt="LFX Contributors" src="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/api/badge/contributors?project=langgenius-dify"></a>
+    <a href="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/project/langgenius-dify" target="_blank">
+        <img alt="LFX Active Contributors" src="https://insights.linuxfoundation.org/api/badge/active-contributors?project=langgenius-dify"></a>
 </p>
 
 <p align="center">
@@ -133,6 +139,19 @@ Star Dify on GitHub and be instantly notified of new releases.
 
 If you need to customize the configuration, please refer to the comments in our [.env.example](docker/.env.example) file and update the corresponding values in your `.env` file. Additionally, you might need to make adjustments to the `docker-compose.yaml` file itself, such as changing image versions, port mappings, or volume mounts, based on your specific deployment environment and requirements. After making any changes, please re-run `docker-compose up -d`. You can find the full list of available environment variables [here](https://docs.dify.ai/getting-started/install-self-hosted/environments).
 
+#### Customizing Suggested Questions
+
+You can now customize the "Suggested Questions After Answer" feature to better fit your use case. For example, to generate longer, more technical questions:
+
+```bash
+# In your .env file
+SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_PROMPT='Please help me predict the five most likely technical follow-up questions a developer would ask. Focus on implementation details, best practices, and architecture considerations. Keep each question between 40-60 characters. Output must be JSON array: ["question1","question2","question3","question4","question5"]'
+SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_MAX_TOKENS=512
+SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_TEMPERATURE=0.3
+```
+
+See the [Suggested Questions Configuration Guide](docs/suggested-questions-configuration.md) for detailed examples and usage instructions.
+
 ### Metrics Monitoring with Grafana
 
 Import the dashboard to Grafana, using Dify's PostgreSQL database as data source, to monitor metrics in granularity of apps, tenants, messages, and more.

api/.env.example

@@ -101,6 +101,15 @@ S3_ACCESS_KEY=your-access-key
 S3_SECRET_KEY=your-secret-key
 S3_REGION=your-region
 
+# Workflow run and Conversation archive storage (S3-compatible)
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENABLED=false
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENDPOINT=
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ARCHIVE_BUCKET=
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_EXPORT_BUCKET=
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ACCESS_KEY=
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_SECRET_KEY=
+ARCHIVE_STORAGE_REGION=auto
+
 # Azure Blob Storage configuration
 AZURE_BLOB_ACCOUNT_NAME=your-account-name
 AZURE_BLOB_ACCOUNT_KEY=your-account-key
@@ -116,6 +125,7 @@ ALIYUN_OSS_AUTH_VERSION=v1
 ALIYUN_OSS_REGION=your-region
 # Don't start with '/'. OSS doesn't support leading slash in object names.
 ALIYUN_OSS_PATH=your-path
+ALIYUN_CLOUDBOX_ID=your-cloudbox-id
 
 # Google Storage configuration
 GOOGLE_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME=your-bucket-name
@@ -127,12 +137,14 @@ TENCENT_COS_SECRET_KEY=your-secret-key
 TENCENT_COS_SECRET_ID=your-secret-id
 TENCENT_COS_REGION=your-region
 TENCENT_COS_SCHEME=your-scheme
+TENCENT_COS_CUSTOM_DOMAIN=your-custom-domain
 
 # Huawei OBS Storage Configuration
 HUAWEI_OBS_BUCKET_NAME=your-bucket-name
 HUAWEI_OBS_SECRET_KEY=your-secret-key
 HUAWEI_OBS_ACCESS_KEY=your-access-key
 HUAWEI_OBS_SERVER=your-server-url
+HUAWEI_OBS_PATH_STYLE=false
 
 # Baidu OBS Storage Configuration
 BAIDU_OBS_BUCKET_NAME=your-bucket-name
@@ -405,6 +417,8 @@ SMTP_USERNAME=123
 SMTP_PASSWORD=abc
 SMTP_USE_TLS=true
 SMTP_OPPORTUNISTIC_TLS=false
+# Optional: override the local hostname used for SMTP HELO/EHLO
+SMTP_LOCAL_HOSTNAME=
 # Sendgid configuration
 SENDGRID_API_KEY=
 # Sentry configuration
@@ -490,6 +504,8 @@ LOG_FILE_BACKUP_COUNT=5
 LOG_DATEFORMAT=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
 # Log Timezone
 LOG_TZ=UTC
+# Log output format: text or json
+LOG_OUTPUT_FORMAT=text
 # Log format
 LOG_FORMAT=%(asctime)s,%(msecs)d %(levelname)-2s [%(filename)s:%(lineno)d] %(req_id)s %(message)s
 
@@ -540,8 +556,32 @@ WORKFLOW_LOG_CLEANUP_BATCH_SIZE=100
 
 # App configuration
 APP_MAX_EXECUTION_TIME=1200
+APP_DEFAULT_ACTIVE_REQUESTS=0
 APP_MAX_ACTIVE_REQUESTS=0
 
+# Aliyun SLS Logstore Configuration
+# Aliyun Access Key ID
+ALIYUN_SLS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=
+# Aliyun Access Key Secret
+ALIYUN_SLS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET=
+# Aliyun SLS Endpoint (e.g., cn-hangzhou.log.aliyuncs.com)
+ALIYUN_SLS_ENDPOINT=
+# Aliyun SLS Region (e.g., cn-hangzhou)
+ALIYUN_SLS_REGION=
+# Aliyun SLS Project Name
+ALIYUN_SLS_PROJECT_NAME=
+# Number of days to retain workflow run logs (default: 365 days， 3650 for permanent storage)
+ALIYUN_SLS_LOGSTORE_TTL=365
+# Enable dual-write to both SLS LogStore and SQL database (default: false)
+LOGSTORE_DUAL_WRITE_ENABLED=false
+# Enable dual-read fallback to SQL database when LogStore returns no results (default: true)
+# Useful for migration scenarios where historical data exists only in SQL database
+LOGSTORE_DUAL_READ_ENABLED=true
+# Control flag for whether to write the `graph` field to LogStore.
+# If LOGSTORE_ENABLE_PUT_GRAPH_FIELD is "true", write the full `graph` field;
+# otherwise write an empty {} instead. Defaults to writing the `graph` field.
+LOGSTORE_ENABLE_PUT_GRAPH_FIELD=true
+
 # Celery beat configuration
 CELERY_BEAT_SCHEDULER_TIME=1
 
@@ -551,6 +591,7 @@ ENABLE_CLEAN_UNUSED_DATASETS_TASK=false
 ENABLE_CREATE_TIDB_SERVERLESS_TASK=false
 ENABLE_UPDATE_TIDB_SERVERLESS_STATUS_TASK=false
 ENABLE_CLEAN_MESSAGES=false
+ENABLE_WORKFLOW_RUN_CLEANUP_TASK=false
 ENABLE_MAIL_CLEAN_DOCUMENT_NOTIFY_TASK=false
 ENABLE_DATASETS_QUEUE_MONITOR=false
 ENABLE_CHECK_UPGRADABLE_PLUGIN_TASK=true
@@ -632,8 +673,56 @@ SWAGGER_UI_PATH=/swagger-ui.html
 # Set to false to export dataset IDs as plain text for easier cross-environment import
 DSL_EXPORT_ENCRYPT_DATASET_ID=true
 
+# Suggested Questions After Answer Configuration
+# These environment variables allow customization of the suggested questions feature
+#
+# Custom prompt for generating suggested questions (optional)
+# If not set, uses the default prompt that generates 3 questions under 20 characters each
+# Example: "Please help me predict the five most likely technical follow-up questions a developer would ask. Focus on implementation details, best practices, and architecture considerations. Keep each question between 40-60 characters. Output must be JSON array: [\"question1\",\"question2\",\"question3\",\"question4\",\"question5\"]"
+# SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_PROMPT=
+
+# Maximum number of tokens for suggested questions generation (default: 256)
+# Adjust this value for longer questions or more questions
+# SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_MAX_TOKENS=256
+
+# Temperature for suggested questions generation (default: 0.0)
+# Higher values (0.5-1.0) produce more creative questions, lower values (0.0-0.3) produce more focused questions
+# SUGGESTED_QUESTIONS_TEMPERATURE=0
+
 # Tenant isolated task queue configuration
 TENANT_ISOLATED_TASK_CONCURRENCY=1
 
 # Maximum number of segments for dataset segments API (0 for unlimited)
 DATASET_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST=0
+
+# Multimodal knowledgebase limit
+SINGLE_CHUNK_ATTACHMENT_LIMIT=10
+ATTACHMENT_IMAGE_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT=2
+ATTACHMENT_IMAGE_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT=60
+IMAGE_FILE_BATCH_LIMIT=10
+
+# Maximum allowed CSV file size for annotation import in megabytes
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT=2
+#Maximum number of annotation records allowed in a single import
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MAX_RECORDS=10000
+# Minimum number of annotation records required in a single import
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MIN_RECORDS=1
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE=5
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR=20
+# Maximum number of concurrent annotation import tasks per tenant
+ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MAX_CONCURRENT=5
+# Sandbox expired records clean configuration
+SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_GRACEFUL_PERIOD=21
+SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_BATCH_SIZE=1000
+SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_RETENTION_DAYS=30
+
+# Sandbox Dify CLI configuration
+# Directory containing dify CLI binaries (dify-cli-<os>-<arch>). Defaults to api/bin when unset.
+SANDBOX_DIFY_CLI_ROOT=
+
+# CLI API URL for sandbox (dify-sandbox or e2b) to call back to Dify API.
+# This URL must be accessible from the sandbox environment.
+# For local development: use http://localhost:5001 or http://127.0.0.1:5001
+# For Docker deployment: use http://api:5001 (internal Docker network)
+# For external sandbox (e.g., e2b): use a publicly accessible URL
+CLI_API_URL=http://localhost:5001

api/.importlinter

@@ -3,9 +3,11 @@ root_packages =
     core
     configs
     controllers
+    extensions
     models
     tasks
     services
+include_external_packages = True
 
 [importlinter:contract:workflow]
 name = Workflow
@@ -16,6 +18,7 @@ layers =
     graph
     nodes
     node_events
+    runtime
     entities
 containers =
     core.workflow
@@ -32,6 +35,28 @@ ignore_imports =
     core.workflow.nodes.loop.loop_node -> core.workflow.graph
     core.workflow.nodes.loop.loop_node -> core.workflow.graph_engine.command_channels
 
+[importlinter:contract:workflow-infrastructure-dependencies]
+name = Workflow Infrastructure Dependencies
+type = forbidden
+source_modules =
+    core.workflow
+forbidden_modules =
+    extensions.ext_database
+    extensions.ext_redis
+allow_indirect_imports = True
+ignore_imports =
+    core.workflow.nodes.agent.agent_node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.datasource.datasource_node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.knowledge_index.knowledge_index_node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.knowledge_retrieval.knowledge_retrieval_node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.llm.file_saver -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.llm.llm_utils -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.llm.node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.nodes.tool.tool_node -> extensions.ext_database
+    core.workflow.graph_engine.command_channels.redis_channel -> extensions.ext_redis
+    core.workflow.graph_engine.manager -> extensions.ext_redis
+    core.workflow.nodes.knowledge_retrieval.knowledge_retrieval_node -> extensions.ext_redis
+
 [importlinter:contract:rsc]
 name = RSC
 type = layers

api/.ruff.toml

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
-exclude = ["migrations/*"]
+exclude = [
+    "migrations/*",
+    ".git",
+    ".git/**",
+]
 line-length = 120
 
 [format]
@@ -36,17 +40,20 @@ select = [
     "UP",      # pyupgrade rules
     "W191",    # tab-indentation
     "W605",    # invalid-escape-sequence
+    "G001",    # don't use str format to logging messages
+    "G003",    # don't use + in logging messages
+    "G004",    # don't use f-strings to format logging messages
+    "UP042",   # use StrEnum,
+    "S110",    # disallow the try-except-pass pattern.
+
     # security related linting rules
     # RCE proctection (sort of)
     "S102", # exec-builtin, disallow use of `exec`
     "S307", # suspicious-eval-usage, disallow use of `eval` and `ast.literal_eval`
     "S301", # suspicious-pickle-usage, disallow use of `pickle` and its wrappers.
     "S302", # suspicious-marshal-usage, disallow use of `marshal` module
-    "S311", # suspicious-non-cryptographic-random-usage
-    "G001", # don't use str format to logging messages
-    "G003", # don't use + in logging messages
-    "G004", # don't use f-strings to format logging messages
-    "UP042", # use StrEnum
+    "S311", # suspicious-non-cryptographic-random-usage,
+
 ]
 
 ignore = [
@@ -91,18 +98,16 @@ ignore = [
 "configs/*" = [
     "N802", # invalid-function-name
 ]
-"core/model_runtime/callbacks/base_callback.py" = [
-    "T201",
-]
-"core/workflow/callbacks/workflow_logging_callback.py" = [
-    "T201",
-]
+"core/model_runtime/callbacks/base_callback.py" = ["T201"]
+"core/workflow/callbacks/workflow_logging_callback.py" = ["T201"]
 "libs/gmpy2_pkcs10aep_cipher.py" = [
     "N803", # invalid-argument-name
 ]
 "tests/*" = [
     "F811", # redefined-while-unused
-    "T201", # allow print in tests
+    "T201", # allow print in tests,
+    "S110", # allow ignoring exceptions in tests code (currently)
+
 ]
 
 [lint.pyflakes]

api/AGENTS.md

@@ -1,62 +1,236 @@
-# Agent Skill Index
+# API Agent Guide
+
+## Agent Notes (must-check)
+
+Before you start work on any backend file under `api/`, you MUST check whether a related note exists under:
+
+- `agent-notes/<same-relative-path-as-target-file>.md`
+
+Rules:
+
+- **Path mapping**: for a target file `<path>/<name>.py`, the note must be `agent-notes/<path>/<name>.py.md` (same folder structure, same filename, plus `.md`).
+- **Before working**:
+  - If the note exists, read it first and follow any constraints/decisions recorded there.
+  - If the note conflicts with the current code, or references an "origin" file/path that has been deleted, renamed, or migrated, treat the **code as the single source of truth** and update the note to match reality.
+  - If the note does not exist, create it with a short architecture/intent summary and any relevant invariants/edge cases.
+- **During working**:
+  - Keep the note in sync as you discover constraints, make decisions, or change approach.
+  - If you move/rename a file, migrate its note to the new mapped path (and fix any outdated references inside the note).
+  - Record non-obvious edge cases, trade-offs, and the test/verification plan as you go (not just at the end).
+  - Keep notes **coherent**: integrate new findings into the relevant sections and rewrite for clarity; avoid append-only “recent fix” / changelog-style additions unless the note is explicitly intended to be a changelog.
+- **When finishing work**:
+  - Update the related note(s) to reflect what changed, why, and any new edge cases/tests.
+  - If a file is deleted, remove or clearly deprecate the corresponding note so it cannot be mistaken as current guidance.
+  - Keep notes concise and accurate; they are meant to prevent repeated rediscovery.
+
+## Skill Index
 
 Start with the section that best matches your need. Each entry lists the problems it solves plus key files/concepts so you know what to expect before opening it.
 
-______________________________________________________________________
+### Platform Foundations
 
-## Platform Foundations
-
-- **[Infrastructure Overview](agent_skills/infra.md)**\
-  When to read this:
+#### [Infrastructure Overview](agent_skills/infra.md)
 
+- **When to read this**
   - You need to understand where a feature belongs in the architecture.
   - You’re wiring storage, Redis, vector stores, or OTEL.
-  - You’re about to add CLI commands or async jobs.\
-    What it covers: configuration stack (`configs/app_config.py`, remote settings), storage entry points (`extensions/ext_storage.py`, `core/file/file_manager.py`), Redis conventions (`extensions/ext_redis.py`), plugin runtime topology, vector-store factory (`core/rag/datasource/vdb/*`), observability hooks, SSRF proxy usage, and core CLI commands.
+  - You’re about to add CLI commands or async jobs.
+- **What it covers**
+  - Configuration stack (`configs/app_config.py`, remote settings)
+  - Storage entry points (`extensions/ext_storage.py`, `core/file/file_manager.py`)
+  - Redis conventions (`extensions/ext_redis.py`)
+  - Plugin runtime topology
+  - Vector-store factory (`core/rag/datasource/vdb/*`)
+  - Observability hooks
+  - SSRF proxy usage
+  - Core CLI commands
 
-- **[Coding Style](agent_skills/coding_style.md)**\
-  When to read this:
+### Plugin & Extension Development
 
-  - You’re writing or reviewing backend code and need the authoritative checklist.
-  - You’re unsure about Pydantic validators, SQLAlchemy session usage, or logging patterns.
-  - You want the exact lint/type/test commands used in PRs.\
-    Includes: Ruff & BasedPyright commands, no-annotation policy, session examples (`with Session(db.engine, ...)`), `@field_validator` usage, logging expectations, and the rule set for file size, helpers, and package management.
-
-______________________________________________________________________
-
-## Plugin & Extension Development
-
-- **[Plugin Systems](agent_skills/plugin.md)**\
-  When to read this:
+#### [Plugin Systems](agent_skills/plugin.md)
 
+- **When to read this**
   - You’re building or debugging a marketplace plugin.
-  - You need to know how manifests, providers, daemons, and migrations fit together.\
-    What it covers: plugin manifests (`core/plugin/entities/plugin.py`), installation/upgrade flows (`services/plugin/plugin_service.py`, CLI commands), runtime adapters (`core/plugin/impl/*` for tool/model/datasource/trigger/endpoint/agent), daemon coordination (`core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py`), and how provider registries surface capabilities to the rest of the platform.
+  - You need to know how manifests, providers, daemons, and migrations fit together.
+- **What it covers**
+  - Plugin manifests (`core/plugin/entities/plugin.py`)
+  - Installation/upgrade flows (`services/plugin/plugin_service.py`, CLI commands)
+  - Runtime adapters (`core/plugin/impl/*` for tool/model/datasource/trigger/endpoint/agent)
+  - Daemon coordination (`core/plugin/entities/plugin_daemon.py`)
+  - How provider registries surface capabilities to the rest of the platform
 
-- **[Plugin OAuth](agent_skills/plugin_oauth.md)**\
-  When to read this:
+#### [Plugin OAuth](agent_skills/plugin_oauth.md)
 
+- **When to read this**
   - You must integrate OAuth for a plugin or datasource.
-  - You’re handling credential encryption or refresh flows.\
-    Topics: credential storage, encryption helpers (`core/helper/provider_encryption.py`), OAuth client bootstrap (`services/plugin/oauth_service.py`, `services/plugin/plugin_parameter_service.py`), and how console/API layers expose the flows.
+  - You’re handling credential encryption or refresh flows.
+- **Topics**
+  - Credential storage
+  - Encryption helpers (`core/helper/provider_encryption.py`)
+  - OAuth client bootstrap (`services/plugin/oauth_service.py`, `services/plugin/plugin_parameter_service.py`)
+  - How console/API layers expose the flows
 
-______________________________________________________________________
+### Workflow Entry & Execution
 
-## Workflow Entry & Execution
+#### [Trigger Concepts](agent_skills/trigger.md)
 
-- **[Trigger Concepts](agent_skills/trigger.md)**\
-  When to read this:
+- **When to read this**
   - You’re debugging why a workflow didn’t start.
   - You’re adding a new trigger type or hook.
-  - You need to trace async execution, draft debugging, or webhook/schedule pipelines.\
-    Details: Start-node taxonomy, webhook & schedule internals (`core/workflow/nodes/trigger_*`, `services/trigger/*`), async orchestration (`services/async_workflow_service.py`, Celery queues), debug event bus, and storage/logging interactions.
+  - You need to trace async execution, draft debugging, or webhook/schedule pipelines.
+- **Details**
+  - Start-node taxonomy
+  - Webhook & schedule internals (`core/workflow/nodes/trigger_*`, `services/trigger/*`)
+  - Async orchestration (`services/async_workflow_service.py`, Celery queues)
+  - Debug event bus
+  - Storage/logging interactions
 
-______________________________________________________________________
+## General Reminders
 
-## Additional Notes for Agents
-
-- All skill docs assume you follow the coding style guide—run Ruff/BasedPyright/tests listed there before submitting changes.
+- All skill docs assume you follow the coding style rules below—run the lint/type/test commands before submitting changes.
 - When you cannot find an answer in these briefs, search the codebase using the paths referenced (e.g., `core/plugin/impl/tool.py`, `services/dataset_service.py`).
 - If you run into cross-cutting concerns (tenancy, configuration, storage), check the infrastructure guide first; it links to most supporting modules.
 - Keep multi-tenancy and configuration central: everything flows through `configs.dify_config` and `tenant_id`.
 - When touching plugins or triggers, consult both the system overview and the specialised doc to ensure you adjust lifecycle, storage, and observability consistently.
+
+## Coding Style
+
+This is the default standard for backend code in this repo. Follow it for new code and use it as the checklist when reviewing changes.
+
+### Linting & Formatting
+
+- Use Ruff for formatting and linting (follow `.ruff.toml`).
+- Keep each line under 120 characters (including spaces).
+
+### Naming Conventions
+
+- Use `snake_case` for variables and functions.
+- Use `PascalCase` for classes.
+- Use `UPPER_CASE` for constants.
+
+### Typing & Class Layout
+
+- Code should usually include type annotations that match the repo’s current Python version (avoid untyped public APIs and “mystery” values).
+- Prefer modern typing forms (e.g. `list[str]`, `dict[str, int]`) and avoid `Any` unless there’s a strong reason.
+- For classes, declare member variables at the top of the class body (before `__init__`) so the class shape is obvious at a glance:
+
+```python
+from datetime import datetime
+
+
+class Example:
+    user_id: str
+    created_at: datetime
+
+    def __init__(self, user_id: str, created_at: datetime) -> None:
+        self.user_id = user_id
+        self.created_at = created_at
+```
+
+### General Rules
+
+- Use Pydantic v2 conventions.
+- Use `uv` for Python package management in this repo (usually with `--project api`).
+- Prefer simple functions over small “utility classes” for lightweight helpers.
+- Avoid implementing dunder methods unless it’s clearly needed and matches existing patterns.
+- Never start long-running services as part of agent work (`uv run app.py`, `flask run`, etc.); running tests is allowed.
+- Keep files below ~800 lines; split when necessary.
+- Keep code readable and explicit—avoid clever hacks.
+
+### Architecture & Boundaries
+
+- Mirror the layered architecture: controller → service → core/domain.
+- Reuse existing helpers in `core/`, `services/`, and `libs/` before creating new abstractions.
+- Optimise for observability: deterministic control flow, clear logging, actionable errors.
+
+### Logging & Errors
+
+- Never use `print`; use a module-level logger:
+  - `logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)`
+- Include tenant/app/workflow identifiers in log context when relevant.
+- Raise domain-specific exceptions (`services/errors`, `core/errors`) and translate them into HTTP responses in controllers.
+- Log retryable events at `warning`, terminal failures at `error`.
+
+### SQLAlchemy Patterns
+
+- Models inherit from `models.base.TypeBase`; do not create ad-hoc metadata or engines.
+- Open sessions with context managers:
+
+```python
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+with Session(db.engine, expire_on_commit=False) as session:
+    stmt = select(Workflow).where(
+        Workflow.id == workflow_id,
+        Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+    )
+    workflow = session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
+```
+
+- Prefer SQLAlchemy expressions; avoid raw SQL unless necessary.
+- Always scope queries by `tenant_id` and protect write paths with safeguards (`FOR UPDATE`, row counts, etc.).
+- Introduce repository abstractions only for very large tables (e.g., workflow executions) or when alternative storage strategies are required.
+
+### Storage & External I/O
+
+- Access storage via `extensions.ext_storage.storage`.
+- Use `core.helper.ssrf_proxy` for outbound HTTP fetches.
+- Background tasks that touch storage must be idempotent, and should log relevant object identifiers.
+
+### Pydantic Usage
+
+- Define DTOs with Pydantic v2 models and forbid extras by default.
+- Use `@field_validator` / `@model_validator` for domain rules.
+
+Example:
+
+```python
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, HttpUrl, field_validator
+
+
+class TriggerConfig(BaseModel):
+    endpoint: HttpUrl
+    secret: str
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+    @field_validator("secret")
+    def ensure_secret_prefix(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        if not value.startswith("dify_"):
+            raise ValueError("secret must start with dify_")
+        return value
+```
+
+### Generics & Protocols
+
+- Use `typing.Protocol` to define behavioural contracts (e.g., cache interfaces).
+- Apply generics (`TypeVar`, `Generic`) for reusable utilities like caches or providers.
+- Validate dynamic inputs at runtime when generics cannot enforce safety alone.
+
+### Tooling & Checks
+
+Quick checks while iterating:
+
+- Format: `make format`
+- Lint (includes auto-fix): `make lint`
+- Type check: `make type-check`
+- Targeted tests: `make test TARGET_TESTS=./api/tests/<target_tests>`
+
+Before opening a PR / submitting:
+
+- `make lint`
+- `make type-check`
+- `make test`
+
+### Controllers & Services
+
+- Controllers: parse input via Pydantic, invoke services, return serialised responses; no business logic.
+- Services: coordinate repositories, providers, background tasks; keep side effects explicit.
+- Document non-obvious behaviour with concise comments.
+
+### Miscellaneous
+
+- Use `configs.dify_config` for configuration—never read environment variables directly.
+- Maintain tenant awareness end-to-end; `tenant_id` must flow through every layer touching shared resources.
+- Queue async work through `services/async_workflow_service`; implement tasks under `tasks/` with explicit queue selection.
+- Keep experimental scripts under `dev/`; do not ship them in production builds.

api/Dockerfile

@@ -48,12 +48,35 @@ ENV PYTHONIOENCODING=utf-8
 
 WORKDIR /app/api
 
+# Create non-root user
+ARG dify_uid=1001
+ARG NODE_MAJOR=22
+ARG NODE_PACKAGE_VERSION=22.21.0-1nodesource1
+ARG NODESOURCE_KEY_FPR=6F71F525282841EEDAF851B42F59B5F99B1BE0B4
+RUN groupadd -r -g ${dify_uid} dify && \
+    useradd -r -u ${dify_uid} -g ${dify_uid} -s /bin/bash dify && \
+    chown -R dify:dify /app
+
 RUN \
     apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        ca-certificates \
+        curl \
+        gnupg \
+    && mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings \
+    && curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key -o /tmp/nodesource.gpg \
+    && gpg --show-keys --with-colons /tmp/nodesource.gpg \
+        | awk -F: '/^fpr:/ {print $10}' \
+        | grep -Fx "${NODESOURCE_KEY_FPR}" \
+    && gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg /tmp/nodesource.gpg \
+    && rm -f /tmp/nodesource.gpg \
+    && echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_${NODE_MAJOR}.x nodistro main" \
+        > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list \
+    && apt-get update \
     # Install dependencies
     && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
         # basic environment
-        curl nodejs \
+        nodejs=${NODE_PACKAGE_VERSION} \
         # for gmpy2 \
         libgmp-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev \
         # For Security
@@ -69,33 +92,30 @@ RUN \
 
 # Copy Python environment and packages
 ENV VIRTUAL_ENV=/app/api/.venv
-COPY --from=packages ${VIRTUAL_ENV} ${VIRTUAL_ENV}
+COPY --from=packages --chown=dify:dify ${VIRTUAL_ENV} ${VIRTUAL_ENV}
 ENV PATH="${VIRTUAL_ENV}/bin:${PATH}"
 
 # Download nltk data
-RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/share/nltk_data && NLTK_DATA=/usr/local/share/nltk_data python -c "import nltk; nltk.download('punkt'); nltk.download('averaged_perceptron_tagger'); nltk.download('stopwords')" \
+RUN mkdir -p /usr/local/share/nltk_data \
+    && NLTK_DATA=/usr/local/share/nltk_data python -c "import nltk; from unstructured.nlp.tokenize import download_nltk_packages; nltk.download('punkt'); nltk.download('averaged_perceptron_tagger'); nltk.download('stopwords'); download_nltk_packages()" \
     && chmod -R 755 /usr/local/share/nltk_data
 
 ENV TIKTOKEN_CACHE_DIR=/app/api/.tiktoken_cache
 
-RUN python -c "import tiktoken; tiktoken.encoding_for_model('gpt2')"
+RUN python -c "import tiktoken; tiktoken.encoding_for_model('gpt2')" \
+    && chown -R dify:dify ${TIKTOKEN_CACHE_DIR}
 
 # Copy source code
-COPY . /app/api/
+COPY --chown=dify:dify . /app/api/
 
-# Copy entrypoint
-COPY docker/entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
-RUN chmod +x /entrypoint.sh
+# Prepare entrypoint script
+COPY --chown=dify:dify --chmod=755 docker/entrypoint.sh /entrypoint.sh
 
-# Create non-root user and set permissions
-RUN groupadd -r -g 1001 dify && \
-    useradd -r -u 1001 -g 1001 -s /bin/bash dify && \
-    mkdir -p /home/dify && \
-    chown -R 1001:1001 /app /home/dify ${TIKTOKEN_CACHE_DIR} /entrypoint.sh
 
 ARG COMMIT_SHA
 ENV COMMIT_SHA=${COMMIT_SHA}
 ENV NLTK_DATA=/usr/local/share/nltk_data
-USER 1001
+
+USER dify
 
 ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/bash", "/entrypoint.sh"]

api/README.md

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 1. If you need to handle and debug the async tasks (e.g. dataset importing and documents indexing), please start the worker service.
 
 ```bash
-uv run celery -A app.celery worker -P threads -c 2 --loglevel INFO -Q dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor
+uv run celery -A app.celery worker -P threads -c 2 --loglevel INFO -Q dataset,priority_dataset,priority_pipeline,pipeline,mail,ops_trace,app_deletion,plugin,workflow_storage,conversation,workflow,schedule_poller,schedule_executor,triggered_workflow_dispatcher,trigger_refresh_executor,retention
 ```
 
 Additionally, if you want to debug the celery scheduled tasks, you can run the following command in another terminal to start the beat service:

api/agent_skills/coding_style.md

@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
-## Linter
-
-- Always follow `.ruff.toml`.
-- Run `uv run ruff check --fix --unsafe-fixes`.
-- Keep each line under 100 characters (including spaces).
-
-## Code Style
-
-- `snake_case` for variables and functions.
-- `PascalCase` for classes.
-- `UPPER_CASE` for constants.
-
-## Rules
-
-- Use Pydantic v2 standard.
-- Use `uv` for package management.
-- Do not override dunder methods like `__init__`, `__iadd__`, etc.
-- Never launch services (`uv run app.py`, `flask run`, etc.); running tests under `tests/` is allowed.
-- Prefer simple functions over classes for lightweight helpers.
-- Keep files below 800 lines; split when necessary.
-- Keep code readable—no clever hacks.
-- Never use `print`; log with `logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)`.
-
-## Guiding Principles
-
-- Mirror the project’s layered architecture: controller → service → core/domain.
-- Reuse existing helpers in `core/`, `services/`, and `libs/` before creating new abstractions.
-- Optimise for observability: deterministic control flow, clear logging, actionable errors.
-
-## SQLAlchemy Patterns
-
-- Models inherit from `models.base.Base`; never create ad-hoc metadata or engines.
-
-- Open sessions with context managers:
-
-  ```python
-  from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
-
-  with Session(db.engine, expire_on_commit=False) as session:
-      stmt = select(Workflow).where(
-          Workflow.id == workflow_id,
-          Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
-      )
-      workflow = session.execute(stmt).scalar_one_or_none()
-  ```
-
-- Use SQLAlchemy expressions; avoid raw SQL unless necessary.
-
-- Introduce repository abstractions only for very large tables (e.g., workflow executions) to support alternative storage strategies.
-
-- Always scope queries by `tenant_id` and protect write paths with safeguards (`FOR UPDATE`, row counts, etc.).
-
-## Storage & External IO
-
-- Access storage via `extensions.ext_storage.storage`.
-- Use `core.helper.ssrf_proxy` for outbound HTTP fetches.
-- Background tasks that touch storage must be idempotent and log the relevant object identifiers.
-
-## Pydantic Usage
-
-- Define DTOs with Pydantic v2 models and forbid extras by default.
-
-- Use `@field_validator` / `@model_validator` for domain rules.
-
-- Example:
-
-  ```python
-  from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, HttpUrl, field_validator
-
-  class TriggerConfig(BaseModel):
-      endpoint: HttpUrl
-      secret: str
-
-      model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
-
-      @field_validator("secret")
-      def ensure_secret_prefix(cls, value: str) -> str:
-          if not value.startswith("dify_"):
-              raise ValueError("secret must start with dify_")
-          return value
-  ```
-
-## Generics & Protocols
-
-- Use `typing.Protocol` to define behavioural contracts (e.g., cache interfaces).
-- Apply generics (`TypeVar`, `Generic`) for reusable utilities like caches or providers.
-- Validate dynamic inputs at runtime when generics cannot enforce safety alone.
-
-## Error Handling & Logging
-
-- Raise domain-specific exceptions (`services/errors`, `core/errors`) and translate to HTTP responses in controllers.
-- Declare `logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)` at module top.
-- Include tenant/app/workflow identifiers in log context.
-- Log retryable events at `warning`, terminal failures at `error`.
-
-## Tooling & Checks
-
-- Format/lint: `uv run --project api --dev ruff format ./api` and `uv run --project api --dev ruff check --fix --unsafe-fixes ./api`.
-- Type checks: `uv run --directory api --dev basedpyright`.
-- Tests: `uv run --project api --dev dev/pytest/pytest_unit_tests.sh`.
-- Run all of the above before submitting your work.
-
-## Controllers & Services
-
-- Controllers: parse input via Pydantic, invoke services, return serialised responses; no business logic.
-- Services: coordinate repositories, providers, background tasks; keep side effects explicit.
-- Avoid repositories unless necessary; direct SQLAlchemy usage is preferred for typical tables.
-- Document non-obvious behaviour with concise comments.
-
-## Miscellaneous
-
-- Use `configs.dify_config` for configuration—never read environment variables directly.
-- Maintain tenant awareness end-to-end; `tenant_id` must flow through every layer touching shared resources.
-- Queue async work through `services/async_workflow_service`; implement tasks under `tasks/` with explicit queue selection.
-- Keep experimental scripts under `dev/`; do not ship them in production builds.

api/app_factory.py

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 import logging
 import time
 
+from opentelemetry.trace import get_current_span
+from opentelemetry.trace.span import INVALID_SPAN_ID, INVALID_TRACE_ID
+
 from configs import dify_config
 from contexts.wrapper import RecyclableContextVar
+from core.logging.context import init_request_context
 from dify_app import DifyApp
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -23,11 +27,35 @@ def create_flask_app_with_configs() -> DifyApp:
     # add before request hook
     @dify_app.before_request
     def before_request():
-        # add an unique identifier to each request
+        # Initialize logging context for this request
+        init_request_context()
         RecyclableContextVar.increment_thread_recycles()
 
+    # add after request hook for injecting trace headers from OpenTelemetry span context
+    # Only adds headers when OTEL is enabled and has valid context
+    @dify_app.after_request
+    def add_trace_headers(response):
+        try:
+            span = get_current_span()
+            ctx = span.get_span_context() if span else None
+
+            if not ctx or not ctx.is_valid:
+                return response
+
+            # Inject trace headers from OTEL context
+            if ctx.trace_id != INVALID_TRACE_ID and "X-Trace-Id" not in response.headers:
+                response.headers["X-Trace-Id"] = format(ctx.trace_id, "032x")
+            if ctx.span_id != INVALID_SPAN_ID and "X-Span-Id" not in response.headers:
+                response.headers["X-Span-Id"] = format(ctx.span_id, "016x")
+
+        except Exception:
+            # Never break the response due to tracing header injection
+            logger.warning("Failed to add trace headers to response", exc_info=True)
+        return response
+
     # Capture the decorator's return value to avoid pyright reportUnusedFunction
     _ = before_request
+    _ = add_trace_headers
 
     return dify_app
 
@@ -51,10 +79,12 @@ def initialize_extensions(app: DifyApp):
         ext_commands,
         ext_compress,
         ext_database,
+        ext_forward_refs,
         ext_hosting_provider,
         ext_import_modules,
         ext_logging,
         ext_login,
+        ext_logstore,
         ext_mail,
         ext_migrate,
         ext_orjson,
@@ -63,6 +93,7 @@ def initialize_extensions(app: DifyApp):
         ext_redis,
         ext_request_logging,
         ext_sentry,
+        ext_session_factory,
         ext_set_secretkey,
         ext_storage,
         ext_timezone,
@@ -75,6 +106,7 @@ def initialize_extensions(app: DifyApp):
         ext_warnings,
         ext_import_modules,
         ext_orjson,
+        ext_forward_refs,
         ext_set_secretkey,
         ext_compress,
         ext_code_based_extension,
@@ -83,6 +115,7 @@ def initialize_extensions(app: DifyApp):
         ext_migrate,
         ext_redis,
         ext_storage,
+        ext_logstore,  # Initialize logstore after storage, before celery
         ext_celery,
         ext_login,
         ext_mail,
@@ -93,6 +126,7 @@ def initialize_extensions(app: DifyApp):
         ext_commands,
         ext_otel,
         ext_request_logging,
+        ext_session_factory,
     ]
     for ext in extensions:
         short_name = ext.__name__.split(".")[-1]

api/commands.py

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 import base64
+import datetime
 import json
 import logging
 import secrets
+import time
 from typing import Any
 
 import click
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ from core.rag.datasource.vdb.vector_factory import Vector
 from core.rag.datasource.vdb.vector_type import VectorType
 from core.rag.index_processor.constant.built_in_field import BuiltInField
 from core.rag.models.document import Document
-from core.tools.utils.system_oauth_encryption import encrypt_system_oauth_params
+from core.tools.utils.system_encryption import encrypt_system_params
 from events.app_event import app_was_created
 from extensions.ext_database import db
 from extensions.ext_redis import redis_client
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ from libs.rsa import generate_key_pair
 from models import Tenant
 from models.dataset import Dataset, DatasetCollectionBinding, DatasetMetadata, DatasetMetadataBinding, DocumentSegment
 from models.dataset import Document as DatasetDocument
-from models.model import Account, App, AppAnnotationSetting, AppMode, Conversation, MessageAnnotation, UploadFile
+from models.model import App, AppAnnotationSetting, AppMode, Conversation, MessageAnnotation, UploadFile
 from models.oauth import DatasourceOauthParamConfig, DatasourceProvider
 from models.provider import Provider, ProviderModel
 from models.provider_ids import DatasourceProviderID, ToolProviderID
@@ -45,6 +47,9 @@ from services.clear_free_plan_tenant_expired_logs import ClearFreePlanTenantExpi
 from services.plugin.data_migration import PluginDataMigration
 from services.plugin.plugin_migration import PluginMigration
 from services.plugin.plugin_service import PluginService
+from services.retention.conversation.messages_clean_policy import create_message_clean_policy
+from services.retention.conversation.messages_clean_service import MessagesCleanService
+from services.retention.workflow_run.clear_free_plan_expired_workflow_run_logs import WorkflowRunCleanup
 from tasks.remove_app_and_related_data_task import delete_draft_variables_batch
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -62,8 +67,10 @@ def reset_password(email, new_password, password_confirm):
     if str(new_password).strip() != str(password_confirm).strip():
         click.echo(click.style("Passwords do not match.", fg="red"))
         return
+    normalized_email = email.strip().lower()
+
     with sessionmaker(db.engine, expire_on_commit=False).begin() as session:
-        account = session.query(Account).where(Account.email == email).one_or_none()
+        account = AccountService.get_account_by_email_with_case_fallback(email.strip(), session=session)
 
         if not account:
             click.echo(click.style(f"Account not found for email: {email}", fg="red"))
@@ -84,7 +91,7 @@ def reset_password(email, new_password, password_confirm):
         base64_password_hashed = base64.b64encode(password_hashed).decode()
         account.password = base64_password_hashed
         account.password_salt = base64_salt
-        AccountService.reset_login_error_rate_limit(email)
+        AccountService.reset_login_error_rate_limit(normalized_email)
         click.echo(click.style("Password reset successfully.", fg="green"))
 
 
@@ -100,20 +107,22 @@ def reset_email(email, new_email, email_confirm):
     if str(new_email).strip() != str(email_confirm).strip():
         click.echo(click.style("New emails do not match.", fg="red"))
         return
+    normalized_new_email = new_email.strip().lower()
+
     with sessionmaker(db.engine, expire_on_commit=False).begin() as session:
-        account = session.query(Account).where(Account.email == email).one_or_none()
+        account = AccountService.get_account_by_email_with_case_fallback(email.strip(), session=session)
 
         if not account:
             click.echo(click.style(f"Account not found for email: {email}", fg="red"))
             return
 
         try:
-            email_validate(new_email)
+            email_validate(normalized_new_email)
         except:
             click.echo(click.style(f"Invalid email: {new_email}", fg="red"))
             return
 
-        account.email = new_email
+        account.email = normalized_new_email
         click.echo(click.style("Email updated successfully.", fg="green"))
 
 
@@ -235,7 +244,7 @@ def migrate_annotation_vector_database():
                 if annotations:
                     for annotation in annotations:
                         document = Document(
-                            page_content=annotation.question,
+                            page_content=annotation.question_text,
                             metadata={"annotation_id": annotation.id, "app_id": app.id, "doc_id": annotation.id},
                         )
                         documents.append(document)
@@ -658,7 +667,7 @@ def create_tenant(email: str, language: str | None = None, name: str | None = No
         return
 
     # Create account
-    email = email.strip()
+    email = email.strip().lower()
 
     if "@" not in email:
         click.echo(click.style("Invalid email address.", fg="red"))
@@ -852,6 +861,61 @@ def clear_free_plan_tenant_expired_logs(days: int, batch: int, tenant_ids: list[
     click.echo(click.style("Clear free plan tenant expired logs completed.", fg="green"))
 
 
+@click.command("clean-workflow-runs", help="Clean expired workflow runs and related data for free tenants.")
+@click.option("--days", default=30, show_default=True, help="Delete workflow runs created before N days ago.")
+@click.option("--batch-size", default=200, show_default=True, help="Batch size for selecting workflow runs.")
+@click.option(
+    "--start-from",
+    type=click.DateTime(formats=["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"]),
+    default=None,
+    help="Optional lower bound (inclusive) for created_at; must be paired with --end-before.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--end-before",
+    type=click.DateTime(formats=["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"]),
+    default=None,
+    help="Optional upper bound (exclusive) for created_at; must be paired with --start-from.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--dry-run",
+    is_flag=True,
+    help="Preview cleanup results without deleting any workflow run data.",
+)
+def clean_workflow_runs(
+    days: int,
+    batch_size: int,
+    start_from: datetime.datetime | None,
+    end_before: datetime.datetime | None,
+    dry_run: bool,
+):
+    """
+    Clean workflow runs and related workflow data for free tenants.
+    """
+    if (start_from is None) ^ (end_before is None):
+        raise click.UsageError("--start-from and --end-before must be provided together.")
+
+    start_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC)
+    click.echo(click.style(f"Starting workflow run cleanup at {start_time.isoformat()}.", fg="white"))
+
+    WorkflowRunCleanup(
+        days=days,
+        batch_size=batch_size,
+        start_from=start_from,
+        end_before=end_before,
+        dry_run=dry_run,
+    ).run()
+
+    end_time = datetime.datetime.now(datetime.UTC)
+    elapsed = end_time - start_time
+    click.echo(
+        click.style(
+            f"Workflow run cleanup completed. start={start_time.isoformat()} "
+            f"end={end_time.isoformat()} duration={elapsed}",
+            fg="green",
+        )
+    )
+
+
 @click.option("-f", "--force", is_flag=True, help="Skip user confirmation and force the command to execute.")
 @click.command("clear-orphaned-file-records", help="Clear orphaned file records.")
 def clear_orphaned_file_records(force: bool):
@@ -1139,6 +1203,7 @@ def remove_orphaned_files_on_storage(force: bool):
         click.echo(click.style(f"Found {len(all_files_in_tables)} files in tables.", fg="white"))
     except Exception as e:
         click.echo(click.style(f"Error fetching keys: {str(e)}", fg="red"))
+        return
 
     all_files_on_storage = []
     for storage_path in storage_paths:
@@ -1146,7 +1211,7 @@ def remove_orphaned_files_on_storage(force: bool):
             click.echo(click.style(f"- Scanning files on storage path {storage_path}", fg="white"))
             files = storage.scan(path=storage_path, files=True, directories=False)
             all_files_on_storage.extend(files)
-        except FileNotFoundError as e:
+        except FileNotFoundError:
             click.echo(click.style(f"  -> Skipping path {storage_path} as it does not exist.", fg="yellow"))
             continue
         except Exception as e:
@@ -1183,6 +1248,271 @@ def remove_orphaned_files_on_storage(force: bool):
         click.echo(click.style(f"Removed {removed_files} orphaned files, with {error_files} errors.", fg="yellow"))
 
 
+@click.command("file-usage", help="Query file usages and show where files are referenced.")
+@click.option("--file-id", type=str, default=None, help="Filter by file UUID.")
+@click.option("--key", type=str, default=None, help="Filter by storage key.")
+@click.option("--src", type=str, default=None, help="Filter by table.column pattern (e.g., 'documents.%' or '%.icon').")
+@click.option("--limit", type=int, default=100, help="Limit number of results (default: 100).")
+@click.option("--offset", type=int, default=0, help="Offset for pagination (default: 0).")
+@click.option("--json", "output_json", is_flag=True, help="Output results in JSON format.")
+def file_usage(
+    file_id: str | None,
+    key: str | None,
+    src: str | None,
+    limit: int,
+    offset: int,
+    output_json: bool,
+):
+    """
+    Query file usages and show where files are referenced in the database.
+
+    This command reuses the same reference checking logic as clear-orphaned-file-records
+    and displays detailed information about where each file is referenced.
+    """
+    # define tables and columns to process
+    files_tables = [
+        {"table": "upload_files", "id_column": "id", "key_column": "key"},
+        {"table": "tool_files", "id_column": "id", "key_column": "file_key"},
+    ]
+    ids_tables = [
+        {"type": "uuid", "table": "message_files", "column": "upload_file_id", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "documents", "column": "data_source_info", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "document_segments", "column": "content", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "messages", "column": "answer", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "workflow_node_executions", "column": "inputs", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "workflow_node_executions", "column": "process_data", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "workflow_node_executions", "column": "outputs", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "conversations", "column": "introduction", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "conversations", "column": "system_instruction", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "accounts", "column": "avatar", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "apps", "column": "icon", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "text", "table": "sites", "column": "icon", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "json", "table": "messages", "column": "inputs", "pk_column": "id"},
+        {"type": "json", "table": "messages", "column": "message", "pk_column": "id"},
+    ]
+
+    # Stream file usages with pagination to avoid holding all results in memory
+    paginated_usages = []
+    total_count = 0
+
+    # First, build a mapping of file_id -> storage_key from the base tables
+    file_key_map = {}
+    for files_table in files_tables:
+        query = f"SELECT {files_table['id_column']}, {files_table['key_column']} FROM {files_table['table']}"
+        with db.engine.begin() as conn:
+            rs = conn.execute(sa.text(query))
+            for row in rs:
+                file_key_map[str(row[0])] = f"{files_table['table']}:{row[1]}"
+
+    # If filtering by key or file_id, verify it exists
+    if file_id and file_id not in file_key_map:
+        if output_json:
+            click.echo(json.dumps({"error": f"File ID {file_id} not found in base tables"}))
+        else:
+            click.echo(click.style(f"File ID {file_id} not found in base tables.", fg="red"))
+        return
+
+    if key:
+        valid_prefixes = {f"upload_files:{key}", f"tool_files:{key}"}
+        matching_file_ids = [fid for fid, fkey in file_key_map.items() if fkey in valid_prefixes]
+        if not matching_file_ids:
+            if output_json:
+                click.echo(json.dumps({"error": f"Key {key} not found in base tables"}))
+            else:
+                click.echo(click.style(f"Key {key} not found in base tables.", fg="red"))
+            return
+
+    guid_regexp = "[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}"
+
+    # For each reference table/column, find matching file IDs and record the references
+    for ids_table in ids_tables:
+        src_filter = f"{ids_table['table']}.{ids_table['column']}"
+
+        # Skip if src filter doesn't match (use fnmatch for wildcard patterns)
+        if src:
+            if "%" in src or "_" in src:
+                import fnmatch
+
+                # Convert SQL LIKE wildcards to fnmatch wildcards (% -> *, _ -> ?)
+                pattern = src.replace("%", "*").replace("_", "?")
+                if not fnmatch.fnmatch(src_filter, pattern):
+                    continue
+            else:
+                if src_filter != src:
+                    continue
+
+        if ids_table["type"] == "uuid":
+            # Direct UUID match
+            query = (
+                f"SELECT {ids_table['pk_column']}, {ids_table['column']} "
+                f"FROM {ids_table['table']} WHERE {ids_table['column']} IS NOT NULL"
+            )
+            with db.engine.begin() as conn:
+                rs = conn.execute(sa.text(query))
+                for row in rs:
+                    record_id = str(row[0])
+                    ref_file_id = str(row[1])
+                    if ref_file_id not in file_key_map:
+                        continue
+                    storage_key = file_key_map[ref_file_id]
+
+                    # Apply filters
+                    if file_id and ref_file_id != file_id:
+                        continue
+                    if key and not storage_key.endswith(key):
+                        continue
+
+                    # Only collect items within the requested page range
+                    if offset <= total_count < offset + limit:
+                        paginated_usages.append(
+                            {
+                                "src": f"{ids_table['table']}.{ids_table['column']}",
+                                "record_id": record_id,
+                                "file_id": ref_file_id,
+                                "key": storage_key,
+                            }
+                        )
+                    total_count += 1
+
+        elif ids_table["type"] in ("text", "json"):
+            # Extract UUIDs from text/json content
+            column_cast = f"{ids_table['column']}::text" if ids_table["type"] == "json" else ids_table["column"]
+            query = (
+                f"SELECT {ids_table['pk_column']}, {column_cast} "
+                f"FROM {ids_table['table']} WHERE {ids_table['column']} IS NOT NULL"
+            )
+            with db.engine.begin() as conn:
+                rs = conn.execute(sa.text(query))
+                for row in rs:
+                    record_id = str(row[0])
+                    content = str(row[1])
+
+                    # Find all UUIDs in the content
+                    import re
+
+                    uuid_pattern = re.compile(guid_regexp, re.IGNORECASE)
+                    matches = uuid_pattern.findall(content)
+
+                    for ref_file_id in matches:
+                        if ref_file_id not in file_key_map:
+                            continue
+                        storage_key = file_key_map[ref_file_id]
+
+                        # Apply filters
+                        if file_id and ref_file_id != file_id:
+                            continue
+                        if key and not storage_key.endswith(key):
+                            continue
+
+                        # Only collect items within the requested page range
+                        if offset <= total_count < offset + limit:
+                            paginated_usages.append(
+                                {
+                                    "src": f"{ids_table['table']}.{ids_table['column']}",
+                                    "record_id": record_id,
+                                    "file_id": ref_file_id,
+                                    "key": storage_key,
+                                }
+                            )
+                        total_count += 1
+
+    # Output results
+    if output_json:
+        result = {
+            "total": total_count,
+            "offset": offset,
+            "limit": limit,
+            "usages": paginated_usages,
+        }
+        click.echo(json.dumps(result, indent=2))
+    else:
+        click.echo(
+            click.style(f"Found {total_count} file usages (showing {len(paginated_usages)} results)", fg="white")
+        )
+        click.echo("")
+
+        if not paginated_usages:
+            click.echo(click.style("No file usages found matching the specified criteria.", fg="yellow"))
+            return
+
+        # Print table header
+        click.echo(
+            click.style(
+                f"{'Src (Table.Column)':<50} {'Record ID':<40} {'File ID':<40} {'Storage Key':<60}",
+                fg="cyan",
+            )
+        )
+        click.echo(click.style("-" * 190, fg="white"))
+
+        # Print each usage
+        for usage in paginated_usages:
+            click.echo(f"{usage['src']:<50} {usage['record_id']:<40} {usage['file_id']:<40} {usage['key']:<60}")
+
+        # Show pagination info
+        if offset + limit < total_count:
+            click.echo("")
+            click.echo(
+                click.style(
+                    f"Showing {offset + 1}-{offset + len(paginated_usages)} of {total_count} results", fg="white"
+                )
+            )
+            click.echo(click.style(f"Use --offset {offset + limit} to see next page", fg="white"))
+
+
+@click.command("setup-sandbox-system-config", help="Setup system-level sandbox provider configuration.")
+@click.option(
+    "--provider-type", prompt=True, type=click.Choice(["e2b", "docker", "local"]), help="Sandbox provider type"
+)
+@click.option("--config", prompt=True, help='Configuration JSON (e.g., {"api_key": "xxx"} for e2b)')
+def setup_sandbox_system_config(provider_type: str, config: str):
+    """
+    Setup system-level sandbox provider configuration.
+
+    Examples:
+        flask setup-sandbox-system-config --provider-type e2b --config '{"api_key": "e2b_xxx"}'
+        flask setup-sandbox-system-config --provider-type docker --config '{"docker_sock": "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"}'
+        flask setup-sandbox-system-config --provider-type local --config '{}'
+    """
+    from models.sandbox import SandboxProviderSystemConfig
+    from services.sandbox.sandbox_provider_service import PROVIDER_CONFIG_MODELS
+
+    try:
+        click.echo(click.style(f"Validating config: {config}", fg="yellow"))
+        config_dict = TypeAdapter(dict[str, Any]).validate_json(config)
+        click.echo(click.style("Config validated successfully.", fg="green"))
+
+        click.echo(click.style(f"Validating config schema for provider type: {provider_type}", fg="yellow"))
+        model_class = PROVIDER_CONFIG_MODELS.get(provider_type)
+        if model_class:
+            model_class.model_validate(config_dict)
+        click.echo(click.style("Config schema validated successfully.", fg="green"))
+
+        click.echo(click.style("Encrypting config...", fg="yellow"))
+        click.echo(click.style(f"Using SECRET_KEY: `{dify_config.SECRET_KEY}`", fg="yellow"))
+        encrypted_config = encrypt_system_params(config_dict)
+        click.echo(click.style("Config encrypted successfully.", fg="green"))
+    except Exception as e:
+        click.echo(click.style(f"Error validating/encrypting config: {str(e)}", fg="red"))
+        return
+
+    deleted_count = db.session.query(SandboxProviderSystemConfig).filter_by(provider_type=provider_type).delete()
+    if deleted_count > 0:
+        click.echo(
+            click.style(
+                f"Deleted {deleted_count} existing system config for provider type: {provider_type}", fg="yellow"
+            )
+        )
+
+    system_config = SandboxProviderSystemConfig(
+        provider_type=provider_type,
+        encrypted_config=encrypted_config,
+    )
+    db.session.add(system_config)
+    db.session.commit()
+    click.echo(click.style(f"Sandbox system config setup successfully. id: {system_config.id}", fg="green"))
+    click.echo(click.style(f"Provider type: {provider_type}", fg="green"))
+
+
 @click.command("setup-system-tool-oauth-client", help="Setup system tool oauth client.")
 @click.option("--provider", prompt=True, help="Provider name")
 @click.option("--client-params", prompt=True, help="Client Params")
@@ -1202,7 +1532,7 @@ def setup_system_tool_oauth_client(provider, client_params):
 
         click.echo(click.style(f"Encrypting client params: {client_params}", fg="yellow"))
         click.echo(click.style(f"Using SECRET_KEY: `{dify_config.SECRET_KEY}`", fg="yellow"))
-        oauth_client_params = encrypt_system_oauth_params(client_params_dict)
+        oauth_client_params = encrypt_system_params(client_params_dict)
         click.echo(click.style("Client params encrypted successfully.", fg="green"))
     except Exception as e:
         click.echo(click.style(f"Error parsing client params: {str(e)}", fg="red"))
@@ -1251,7 +1581,7 @@ def setup_system_trigger_oauth_client(provider, client_params):
 
         click.echo(click.style(f"Encrypting client params: {client_params}", fg="yellow"))
         click.echo(click.style(f"Using SECRET_KEY: `{dify_config.SECRET_KEY}`", fg="yellow"))
-        oauth_client_params = encrypt_system_oauth_params(client_params_dict)
+        oauth_client_params = encrypt_system_params(client_params_dict)
         click.echo(click.style("Client params encrypted successfully.", fg="green"))
     except Exception as e:
         click.echo(click.style(f"Error parsing client params: {str(e)}", fg="red"))
@@ -1899,3 +2229,79 @@ def migrate_oss(
             except Exception as e:
                 db.session.rollback()
                 click.echo(click.style(f"Failed to update DB storage_type: {str(e)}", fg="red"))
+
+
+@click.command("clean-expired-messages", help="Clean expired messages.")
+@click.option(
+    "--start-from",
+    type=click.DateTime(formats=["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"]),
+    required=True,
+    help="Lower bound (inclusive) for created_at.",
+)
+@click.option(
+    "--end-before",
+    type=click.DateTime(formats=["%Y-%m-%d", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S"]),
+    required=True,
+    help="Upper bound (exclusive) for created_at.",
+)
+@click.option("--batch-size", default=1000, show_default=True, help="Batch size for selecting messages.")
+@click.option(
+    "--graceful-period",
+    default=21,
+    show_default=True,
+    help="Graceful period in days after subscription expiration, will be ignored when billing is disabled.",
+)
+@click.option("--dry-run", is_flag=True, default=False, help="Show messages logs would be cleaned without deleting")
+def clean_expired_messages(
+    batch_size: int,
+    graceful_period: int,
+    start_from: datetime.datetime,
+    end_before: datetime.datetime,
+    dry_run: bool,
+):
+    """
+    Clean expired messages and related data for tenants based on clean policy.
+    """
+    click.echo(click.style("clean_messages: start clean messages.", fg="green"))
+
+    start_at = time.perf_counter()
+
+    try:
+        # Create policy based on billing configuration
+        # NOTE: graceful_period will be ignored when billing is disabled.
+        policy = create_message_clean_policy(graceful_period_days=graceful_period)
+
+        # Create and run the cleanup service
+        service = MessagesCleanService.from_time_range(
+            policy=policy,
+            start_from=start_from,
+            end_before=end_before,
+            batch_size=batch_size,
+            dry_run=dry_run,
+        )
+        stats = service.run()
+
+        end_at = time.perf_counter()
+        click.echo(
+            click.style(
+                f"clean_messages: completed successfully\n"
+                f"  - Latency: {end_at - start_at:.2f}s\n"
+                f"  - Batches processed: {stats['batches']}\n"
+                f"  - Total messages scanned: {stats['total_messages']}\n"
+                f"  - Messages filtered: {stats['filtered_messages']}\n"
+                f"  - Messages deleted: {stats['total_deleted']}",
+                fg="green",
+            )
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        end_at = time.perf_counter()
+        logger.exception("clean_messages failed")
+        click.echo(
+            click.style(
+                f"clean_messages: failed after {end_at - start_at:.2f}s - {str(e)}",
+                fg="red",
+            )
+        )
+        raise
+
+    click.echo(click.style("messages cleanup completed.", fg="green"))

api/configs/app_config.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any
 
+from pydantic import Field
 from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo
 from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings, PydanticBaseSettingsSource, SettingsConfigDict, TomlConfigSettingsSource
 
@@ -82,6 +83,14 @@ class DifyConfig(
         extra="ignore",
     )
 
+    SANDBOX_DIFY_CLI_ROOT: str | None = Field(
+        default=None,
+        description=(
+            "Filesystem directory containing dify CLI binaries named dify-cli-<os>-<arch>. "
+            "Defaults to api/bin when unset."
+        ),
+    )
+
     # Before adding any config,
     # please consider to arrange it in the proper config group of existed or added
     # for better readability and maintainability.

api/configs/extra/__init__.py

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+from configs.extra.archive_config import ArchiveStorageConfig
 from configs.extra.notion_config import NotionConfig
 from configs.extra.sentry_config import SentryConfig
 
 
 class ExtraServiceConfig(
     # place the configs in alphabet order
+    ArchiveStorageConfig,
     NotionConfig,
     SentryConfig,
 ):

api/configs/extra/archive_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from pydantic import Field
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+
+
+class ArchiveStorageConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration settings for workflow run logs archiving storage.
+    """
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable workflow run logs archiving to S3-compatible storage",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENDPOINT: str | None = Field(
+        description="URL of the S3-compatible storage endpoint (e.g., 'https://storage.example.com')",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ARCHIVE_BUCKET: str | None = Field(
+        description="Name of the bucket to store archived workflow logs",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_EXPORT_BUCKET: str | None = Field(
+        description="Name of the bucket to store exported workflow runs",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ACCESS_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="Access key ID for authenticating with storage",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_SECRET_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="Secret access key for authenticating with storage",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    ARCHIVE_STORAGE_REGION: str = Field(
+        description="Region for storage (use 'auto' if the provider supports it)",
+        default="auto",
+    )

api/configs/feature/__init__.py

@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ class AppExecutionConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Maximum allowed execution time for the application in seconds",
         default=1200,
     )
+    APP_DEFAULT_ACTIVE_REQUESTS: NonNegativeInt = Field(
+        description="Default number of concurrent active requests per app (0 for unlimited)",
+        default=0,
+    )
     APP_MAX_ACTIVE_REQUESTS: NonNegativeInt = Field(
         description="Maximum number of concurrent active requests per app (0 for unlimited)",
         default=0,
@@ -214,7 +218,7 @@ class PluginConfig(BaseSettings):
 
     PLUGIN_DAEMON_TIMEOUT: PositiveFloat | None = Field(
         description="Timeout in seconds for requests to the plugin daemon (set to None to disable)",
-        default=300.0,
+        default=600.0,
     )
 
     INNER_API_KEY_FOR_PLUGIN: str = Field(description="Inner api key for plugin", default="inner-api-key")
@@ -240,6 +244,17 @@ class PluginConfig(BaseSettings):
     )
 
 
+class CliApiConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration for CLI API (for dify-cli to call back from external sandbox environments)
+    """
+
+    CLI_API_URL: str = Field(
+        description="CLI API URL for external sandbox (e.g., e2b) to call back.",
+        default="http://localhost:5001",
+    )
+
+
 class MarketplaceConfig(BaseSettings):
     """
     Configuration for marketplace
@@ -356,6 +371,57 @@ class FileUploadConfig(BaseSettings):
         default=10,
     )
 
+    IMAGE_FILE_BATCH_LIMIT: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of files allowed in a image batch upload operation",
+        default=10,
+    )
+
+    SINGLE_CHUNK_ATTACHMENT_LIMIT: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of files allowed in a single chunk attachment",
+        default=10,
+    )
+
+    ATTACHMENT_IMAGE_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT: NonNegativeInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum allowed image file size for attachments in megabytes",
+        default=2,
+    )
+
+    ATTACHMENT_IMAGE_DOWNLOAD_TIMEOUT: NonNegativeInt = Field(
+        description="Timeout for downloading image attachments in seconds",
+        default=60,
+    )
+
+    # Annotation Import Security Configurations
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_FILE_SIZE_LIMIT: NonNegativeInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum allowed CSV file size for annotation import in megabytes",
+        default=2,
+    )
+
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MAX_RECORDS: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of annotation records allowed in a single import",
+        default=10000,
+    )
+
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MIN_RECORDS: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Minimum number of annotation records required in a single import",
+        default=1,
+    )
+
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of annotation import requests per minute per tenant",
+        default=5,
+    )
+
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_RATE_LIMIT_PER_HOUR: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of annotation import requests per hour per tenant",
+        default=20,
+    )
+
+    ANNOTATION_IMPORT_MAX_CONCURRENT: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of concurrent annotation import tasks per tenant",
+        default=2,
+    )
+
     inner_UPLOAD_FILE_EXTENSION_BLACKLIST: str = Field(
         description=(
             "Comma-separated list of file extensions that are blocked from upload. "
@@ -532,6 +598,11 @@ class LoggingConfig(BaseSettings):
         default="INFO",
     )
 
+    LOG_OUTPUT_FORMAT: Literal["text", "json"] = Field(
+        description="Log output format: 'text' for human-readable, 'json' for structured JSON logs.",
+        default="text",
+    )
+
     LOG_FILE: str | None = Field(
         description="File path for log output.",
         default=None,
@@ -549,7 +620,10 @@ class LoggingConfig(BaseSettings):
 
     LOG_FORMAT: str = Field(
         description="Format string for log messages",
-        default="%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(levelname)s [%(threadName)s] [%(filename)s:%(lineno)d] - %(message)s",
+        default=(
+            "%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d %(levelname)s [%(threadName)s] "
+            "[%(filename)s:%(lineno)d] %(trace_id)s - %(message)s"
+        ),
     )
 
     LOG_DATEFORMAT: str | None = Field(
@@ -886,6 +960,12 @@ class MailConfig(BaseSettings):
         default=False,
     )
 
+    SMTP_LOCAL_HOSTNAME: str | None = Field(
+        description="Override the local hostname used in SMTP HELO/EHLO. "
+        "Useful behind NAT or when the default hostname causes rejections.",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
     EMAIL_SEND_IP_LIMIT_PER_MINUTE: PositiveInt = Field(
         description="Maximum number of emails allowed to be sent from the same IP address in a minute",
         default=50,
@@ -1038,6 +1118,10 @@ class CeleryScheduleTasksConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Enable clean messages task",
         default=False,
     )
+    ENABLE_WORKFLOW_RUN_CLEANUP_TASK: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable scheduled workflow run cleanup task",
+        default=False,
+    )
     ENABLE_MAIL_CLEAN_DOCUMENT_NOTIFY_TASK: bool = Field(
         description="Enable mail clean document notify task",
         default=False,
@@ -1212,6 +1296,21 @@ class TenantIsolatedTaskQueueConfig(BaseSettings):
     )
 
 
+class SandboxExpiredRecordsCleanConfig(BaseSettings):
+    SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_GRACEFUL_PERIOD: NonNegativeInt = Field(
+        description="Graceful period in days for sandbox records clean after subscription expiration",
+        default=21,
+    )
+    SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_CLEAN_BATCH_SIZE: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of records to process in each batch",
+        default=1000,
+    )
+    SANDBOX_EXPIRED_RECORDS_RETENTION_DAYS: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Retention days for sandbox expired workflow_run records and message records",
+        default=30,
+    )
+
+
 class FeatureConfig(
     # place the configs in alphabet order
     AppExecutionConfig,
@@ -1221,6 +1320,7 @@ class FeatureConfig(
     TriggerConfig,
     AsyncWorkflowConfig,
     PluginConfig,
+    CliApiConfig,
     MarketplaceConfig,
     DataSetConfig,
     EndpointConfig,
@@ -1237,6 +1337,7 @@ class FeatureConfig(
     PositionConfig,
     RagEtlConfig,
     RepositoryConfig,
+    SandboxExpiredRecordsCleanConfig,
     SecurityConfig,
     TenantIsolatedTaskQueueConfig,
     ToolConfig,

api/configs/feature/hosted_service/__init__.py

@@ -8,6 +8,11 @@ class HostedCreditConfig(BaseSettings):
         default="",
     )
 
+    HOSTED_POOL_CREDITS: int = Field(
+        description="Pool credits for hosted service",
+        default=200,
+    )
+
     def get_model_credits(self, model_name: str) -> int:
         """
         Get credit value for a specific model name.
@@ -60,19 +65,46 @@ class HostedOpenAiConfig(BaseSettings):
 
     HOSTED_OPENAI_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
         description="Comma-separated list of available models for trial access",
-        default="gpt-3.5-turbo,"
-        "gpt-3.5-turbo-1106,"
-        "gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct,"
+        default="gpt-4,"
+        "gpt-4-turbo-preview,"
+        "gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09,"
+        "gpt-4-1106-preview,"
+        "gpt-4-0125-preview,"
+        "gpt-4-turbo,"
+        "gpt-4.1,"
+        "gpt-4.1-2025-04-14,"
+        "gpt-4.1-mini,"
+        "gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14,"
+        "gpt-4.1-nano,"
+        "gpt-4.1-nano-2025-04-14,"
+        "gpt-3.5-turbo,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-16k,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-16k-0613,"
+        "gpt-3.5-turbo-1106,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-0613,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-0125,"
-        "text-davinci-003",
-    )
-
-    HOSTED_OPENAI_QUOTA_LIMIT: NonNegativeInt = Field(
-        description="Quota limit for hosted OpenAI service usage",
-        default=200,
+        "gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct,"
+        "text-davinci-003,"
+        "chatgpt-4o-latest,"
+        "gpt-4o,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-05-13,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-08-06,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-11-20,"
+        "gpt-4o-audio-preview,"
+        "gpt-4o-audio-preview-2025-06-03,"
+        "gpt-4o-mini,"
+        "gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18,"
+        "o3-mini,"
+        "o3-mini-2025-01-31,"
+        "gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07,"
+        "gpt-5-mini,"
+        "o4-mini,"
+        "o4-mini-2025-04-16,"
+        "gpt-5-chat-latest,"
+        "gpt-5,"
+        "gpt-5-2025-08-07,"
+        "gpt-5-nano,"
+        "gpt-5-nano-2025-08-07",
     )
 
     HOSTED_OPENAI_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
@@ -87,6 +119,13 @@ class HostedOpenAiConfig(BaseSettings):
         "gpt-4-turbo-2024-04-09,"
         "gpt-4-1106-preview,"
         "gpt-4-0125-preview,"
+        "gpt-4-turbo,"
+        "gpt-4.1,"
+        "gpt-4.1-2025-04-14,"
+        "gpt-4.1-mini,"
+        "gpt-4.1-mini-2025-04-14,"
+        "gpt-4.1-nano,"
+        "gpt-4.1-nano-2025-04-14,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-16k,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-16k-0613,"
@@ -94,7 +133,150 @@ class HostedOpenAiConfig(BaseSettings):
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-0613,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-0125,"
         "gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct,"
-        "text-davinci-003",
+        "text-davinci-003,"
+        "chatgpt-4o-latest,"
+        "gpt-4o,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-05-13,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-08-06,"
+        "gpt-4o-2024-11-20,"
+        "gpt-4o-audio-preview,"
+        "gpt-4o-audio-preview-2025-06-03,"
+        "gpt-4o-mini,"
+        "gpt-4o-mini-2024-07-18,"
+        "o3-mini,"
+        "o3-mini-2025-01-31,"
+        "gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07,"
+        "gpt-5-mini,"
+        "o4-mini,"
+        "o4-mini-2025-04-16,"
+        "gpt-5-chat-latest,"
+        "gpt-5,"
+        "gpt-5-2025-08-07,"
+        "gpt-5-nano,"
+        "gpt-5-nano-2025-08-07",
+    )
+
+
+class HostedGeminiConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration for fetching Gemini service
+    """
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_API_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="API key for hosted Gemini service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_API_BASE: str | None = Field(
+        description="Base URL for hosted Gemini API",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_API_ORGANIZATION: str | None = Field(
+        description="Organization ID for hosted Gemini service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_TRIAL_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable trial access to hosted Gemini service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for trial access",
+        default="gemini-2.5-flash,gemini-2.0-flash,gemini-2.0-flash-lite,",
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable paid access to hosted gemini service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_GEMINI_PAID_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="gemini-2.5-flash,gemini-2.0-flash,gemini-2.0-flash-lite,",
+    )
+
+
+class HostedXAIConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration for fetching XAI service
+    """
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_API_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="API key for hosted XAI service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_API_BASE: str | None = Field(
+        description="Base URL for hosted XAI API",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_API_ORGANIZATION: str | None = Field(
+        description="Organization ID for hosted XAI service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_TRIAL_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable trial access to hosted XAI service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for trial access",
+        default="grok-3,grok-3-mini,grok-3-mini-fast",
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable paid access to hosted XAI service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_XAI_PAID_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="grok-3,grok-3-mini,grok-3-mini-fast",
+    )
+
+
+class HostedDeepseekConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration for fetching Deepseek service
+    """
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_API_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="API key for hosted Deepseek service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_API_BASE: str | None = Field(
+        description="Base URL for hosted Deepseek API",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_API_ORGANIZATION: str | None = Field(
+        description="Organization ID for hosted Deepseek service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_TRIAL_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable trial access to hosted Deepseek service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for trial access",
+        default="deepseek-chat,deepseek-reasoner",
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable paid access to hosted Deepseek service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_DEEPSEEK_PAID_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="deepseek-chat,deepseek-reasoner",
     )
 
 
@@ -144,16 +326,66 @@ class HostedAnthropicConfig(BaseSettings):
         default=False,
     )
 
-    HOSTED_ANTHROPIC_QUOTA_LIMIT: NonNegativeInt = Field(
-        description="Quota limit for hosted Anthropic service usage",
-        default=600000,
-    )
-
     HOSTED_ANTHROPIC_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
         description="Enable paid access to hosted Anthropic service",
         default=False,
     )
 
+    HOSTED_ANTHROPIC_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="claude-opus-4-20250514,"
+        "claude-sonnet-4-20250514,"
+        "claude-3-5-haiku-20241022,"
+        "claude-3-opus-20240229,"
+        "claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219,"
+        "claude-3-haiku-20240307",
+    )
+    HOSTED_ANTHROPIC_PAID_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="claude-opus-4-20250514,"
+        "claude-sonnet-4-20250514,"
+        "claude-3-5-haiku-20241022,"
+        "claude-3-opus-20240229,"
+        "claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219,"
+        "claude-3-haiku-20240307",
+    )
+
+
+class HostedTongyiConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """
+    Configuration for hosted Tongyi service
+    """
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_API_KEY: str | None = Field(
+        description="API key for hosted Tongyi service",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_USE_INTERNATIONAL_ENDPOINT: bool = Field(
+        description="Use international endpoint for hosted Tongyi service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_TRIAL_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable trial access to hosted Tongyi service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_PAID_ENABLED: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable paid access to hosted Anthropic service",
+        default=False,
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_TRIAL_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for trial access",
+        default="",
+    )
+
+    HOSTED_TONGYI_PAID_MODELS: str = Field(
+        description="Comma-separated list of available models for paid access",
+        default="",
+    )
+
 
 class HostedMinmaxConfig(BaseSettings):
     """
@@ -246,9 +478,13 @@ class HostedServiceConfig(
     HostedOpenAiConfig,
     HostedSparkConfig,
     HostedZhipuAIConfig,
+    HostedTongyiConfig,
     # moderation
     HostedModerationConfig,
     # credit config
     HostedCreditConfig,
+    HostedGeminiConfig,
+    HostedXAIConfig,
+    HostedDeepseekConfig,
 ):
     pass

api/configs/middleware/__init__.py

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from .vdb.clickzetta_config import ClickzettaConfig
 from .vdb.couchbase_config import CouchbaseConfig
 from .vdb.elasticsearch_config import ElasticsearchConfig
 from .vdb.huawei_cloud_config import HuaweiCloudConfig
+from .vdb.iris_config import IrisVectorConfig
 from .vdb.lindorm_config import LindormConfig
 from .vdb.matrixone_config import MatrixoneConfig
 from .vdb.milvus_config import MilvusConfig
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ class KeywordStoreConfig(BaseSettings):
 
 class DatabaseConfig(BaseSettings):
     # Database type selector
-    DB_TYPE: Literal["postgresql", "mysql", "oceanbase"] = Field(
+    DB_TYPE: Literal["postgresql", "mysql", "oceanbase", "seekdb"] = Field(
         description="Database type to use. OceanBase is MySQL-compatible.",
         default="postgresql",
     )
@@ -336,6 +337,7 @@ class MiddlewareConfig(
     ChromaConfig,
     ClickzettaConfig,
     HuaweiCloudConfig,
+    IrisVectorConfig,
     MilvusConfig,
     AlibabaCloudMySQLConfig,
     MyScaleConfig,

api/configs/middleware/storage/aliyun_oss_storage_config.py

@@ -41,3 +41,8 @@ class AliyunOSSStorageConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Base path within the bucket to store objects (e.g., 'my-app-data/')",
         default=None,
     )
+
+    ALIYUN_CLOUDBOX_ID: str | None = Field(
+        description="Cloudbox id for aliyun cloudbox service",
+        default=None,
+    )

api/configs/middleware/storage/huawei_obs_storage_config.py

@@ -26,3 +26,8 @@ class HuaweiCloudOBSStorageConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Endpoint URL for Huawei Cloud OBS (e.g., 'https://obs.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com')",
         default=None,
     )
+
+    HUAWEI_OBS_PATH_STYLE: bool = Field(
+        description="Flag to indicate whether to use path-style URLs for OBS requests",
+        default=False,
+    )

api/configs/middleware/storage/tencent_cos_storage_config.py

@@ -31,3 +31,8 @@ class TencentCloudCOSStorageConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Protocol scheme for COS requests: 'https' (recommended) or 'http'",
         default=None,
     )
+
+    TENCENT_COS_CUSTOM_DOMAIN: str | None = Field(
+        description="Tencent Cloud COS custom domain setting",
+        default=None,
+    )

api/configs/middleware/storage/volcengine_tos_storage_config.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
 
 class VolcengineTOSStorageConfig(BaseSettings):
     """
-    Configuration settings for Volcengine Tinder Object Storage (TOS)
+    Configuration settings for Volcengine Torch Object Storage (TOS)
     """
 
     VOLCENGINE_TOS_BUCKET_NAME: str | None = Field(

api/configs/middleware/vdb/iris_config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+"""Configuration for InterSystems IRIS vector database."""
+
+from pydantic import Field, PositiveInt, model_validator
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+
+
+class IrisVectorConfig(BaseSettings):
+    """Configuration settings for IRIS vector database connection and pooling."""
+
+    IRIS_HOST: str | None = Field(
+        description="Hostname or IP address of the IRIS server.",
+        default="localhost",
+    )
+
+    IRIS_SUPER_SERVER_PORT: PositiveInt | None = Field(
+        description="Port number for IRIS connection.",
+        default=1972,
+    )
+
+    IRIS_USER: str | None = Field(
+        description="Username for IRIS authentication.",
+        default="_SYSTEM",
+    )
+
+    IRIS_PASSWORD: str | None = Field(
+        description="Password for IRIS authentication.",
+        default="Dify@1234",
+    )
+
+    IRIS_SCHEMA: str | None = Field(
+        description="Schema name for IRIS tables.",
+        default="dify",
+    )
+
+    IRIS_DATABASE: str | None = Field(
+        description="Database namespace for IRIS connection.",
+        default="USER",
+    )
+
+    IRIS_CONNECTION_URL: str | None = Field(
+        description="Full connection URL for IRIS (overrides individual fields if provided).",
+        default=None,
+    )
+
+    IRIS_MIN_CONNECTION: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Minimum number of connections in the pool.",
+        default=1,
+    )
+
+    IRIS_MAX_CONNECTION: PositiveInt = Field(
+        description="Maximum number of connections in the pool.",
+        default=3,
+    )
+
+    IRIS_TEXT_INDEX: bool = Field(
+        description="Enable full-text search index using %iFind.Index.Basic.",
+        default=True,
+    )
+
+    IRIS_TEXT_INDEX_LANGUAGE: str = Field(
+        description="Language for full-text search index (e.g., 'en', 'ja', 'zh', 'de').",
+        default="en",
+    )
+
+    @model_validator(mode="before")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_config(cls, values: dict) -> dict:
+        """Validate IRIS configuration values.
+
+        Args:
+            values: Configuration dictionary
+
+        Returns:
+            Validated configuration dictionary
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If required fields are missing or pool settings are invalid
+        """
+        # Only validate required fields if IRIS is being used as the vector store
+        # This allows the config to be loaded even when IRIS is not in use
+
+        # vector_store = os.environ.get("VECTOR_STORE", "")
+        # We rely on Pydantic defaults for required fields if they are missing from env.
+        # Strict existence check is removed to allow defaults to work.
+
+        min_conn = values.get("IRIS_MIN_CONNECTION", 1)
+        max_conn = values.get("IRIS_MAX_CONNECTION", 3)
+        if min_conn > max_conn:
+            raise ValueError("IRIS_MIN_CONNECTION must be less than or equal to IRIS_MAX_CONNECTION")
+
+        return values

api/configs/middleware/vdb/milvus_config.py

@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ class MilvusConfig(BaseSettings):
         description="Authentication token for Milvus, if token-based authentication is enabled",
         default=None,
     )
-
     MILVUS_USER: str | None = Field(
         description="Username for authenticating with Milvus, if username/password authentication is enabled",
         default=None,

api/constants/languages.py

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ language_timezone_mapping = {
     "sl-SI": "Europe/Ljubljana",
     "th-TH": "Asia/Bangkok",
     "id-ID": "Asia/Jakarta",
+    "ar-TN": "Africa/Tunis",
 }
 
 languages = list(language_timezone_mapping.keys())

api/controllers/cli_api/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from flask import Blueprint
+from flask_restx import Namespace
+
+from libs.external_api import ExternalApi
+
+bp = Blueprint("cli_api", __name__, url_prefix="/cli/api")
+
+api = ExternalApi(
+    bp,
+    version="1.0",
+    title="CLI API",
+    description="APIs for Dify CLI to call back from external sandbox environments (e.g., e2b)",
+)
+
+# Create namespace
+cli_api_ns = Namespace("cli_api", description="CLI API operations", path="/")
+
+from .plugin import plugin as _plugin
+
+api.add_namespace(cli_api_ns)
+
+__all__ = [
+    "_plugin",
+    "api",
+    "bp",
+    "cli_api_ns",
+]

api/controllers/cli_api/plugin/plugin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+from flask_restx import Resource
+
+from controllers.cli_api import cli_api_ns
+from controllers.cli_api.plugin.wraps import get_user_tenant, plugin_data
+from controllers.cli_api.wraps import cli_api_only
+from controllers.console.wraps import setup_required
+from core.file.helpers import get_signed_file_url_for_plugin
+from core.plugin.backwards_invocation.app import PluginAppBackwardsInvocation
+from core.plugin.backwards_invocation.base import BaseBackwardsInvocationResponse
+from core.plugin.backwards_invocation.model import PluginModelBackwardsInvocation
+from core.plugin.backwards_invocation.tool import PluginToolBackwardsInvocation
+from core.plugin.entities.request import (
+    RequestInvokeApp,
+    RequestInvokeLLM,
+    RequestInvokeTool,
+    RequestRequestUploadFile,
+)
+from core.tools.entities.tool_entities import ToolProviderType
+from libs.helper import length_prefixed_response
+from models import Account, Tenant
+from models.model import EndUser
+
+
+@cli_api_ns.route("/invoke/llm")
+class CliInvokeLLMApi(Resource):
+    @get_user_tenant
+    @setup_required
+    @cli_api_only
+    @plugin_data(payload_type=RequestInvokeLLM)
+    def post(self, user_model: Account | EndUser, tenant_model: Tenant, payload: RequestInvokeLLM):
+        def generator():
+            response = PluginModelBackwardsInvocation.invoke_llm(user_model.id, tenant_model, payload)
+            return PluginModelBackwardsInvocation.convert_to_event_stream(response)
+
+        return length_prefixed_response(0xF, generator())
+
+
+@cli_api_ns.route("/invoke/tool")
+class CliInvokeToolApi(Resource):
+    @get_user_tenant
+    @setup_required
+    @cli_api_only
+    @plugin_data(payload_type=RequestInvokeTool)
+    def post(self, user_model: Account | EndUser, tenant_model: Tenant, payload: RequestInvokeTool):
+        def generator():
+            return PluginToolBackwardsInvocation.convert_to_event_stream(
+                PluginToolBackwardsInvocation.invoke_tool(
+                    tenant_id=tenant_model.id,
+                    user_id=user_model.id,
+                    tool_type=ToolProviderType.value_of(payload.tool_type),
+                    provider=payload.provider,
+                    tool_name=payload.tool,
+                    tool_parameters=payload.tool_parameters,
+                    credential_id=payload.credential_id,
+                ),
+            )
+
+        return length_prefixed_response(0xF, generator())
+
+
+@cli_api_ns.route("/invoke/app")
+class CliInvokeAppApi(Resource):
+    @get_user_tenant
+    @setup_required
+    @cli_api_only
+    @plugin_data(payload_type=RequestInvokeApp)
+    def post(self, user_model: Account | EndUser, tenant_model: Tenant, payload: RequestInvokeApp):
+        response = PluginAppBackwardsInvocation.invoke_app(
+            app_id=payload.app_id,
+            user_id=user_model.id,
+            tenant_id=tenant_model.id,
+            conversation_id=payload.conversation_id,
+            query=payload.query,
+            stream=payload.response_mode == "streaming",
+            inputs=payload.inputs,
+            files=payload.files,
+        )
+
+        return length_prefixed_response(0xF, PluginAppBackwardsInvocation.convert_to_event_stream(response))
+
+
+@cli_api_ns.route("/upload/file/request")
+class CliUploadFileRequestApi(Resource):
+    @get_user_tenant
+    @setup_required
+    @cli_api_only
+    @plugin_data(payload_type=RequestRequestUploadFile)
+    def post(self, user_model: Account | EndUser, tenant_model: Tenant, payload: RequestRequestUploadFile):
+        # generate signed url
+        url = get_signed_file_url_for_plugin(
+            filename=payload.filename,
+            mimetype=payload.mimetype,
+            tenant_id=tenant_model.id,
+            user_id=user_model.id,
+        )
+        return BaseBackwardsInvocationResponse(data={"url": url}).model_dump()
+
+
+@cli_api_ns.route("/fetch/tools/list")
+class CliFetchToolsListApi(Resource):
+    @get_user_tenant
+    @setup_required
+    @cli_api_only
+    def post(self, user_model: Account | EndUser, tenant_model: Tenant):
+        from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+        from extensions.ext_database import db
+        from services.tools.api_tools_manage_service import ApiToolManageService
+        from services.tools.builtin_tools_manage_service import BuiltinToolManageService
+        from services.tools.mcp_tools_manage_service import MCPToolManageService
+        from services.tools.workflow_tools_manage_service import WorkflowToolManageService
+
+        providers = []
+
+        # Get builtin tools
+        builtin_providers = BuiltinToolManageService.list_builtin_tools(user_model.id, tenant_model.id)
+        for provider in builtin_providers:
+            providers.append(provider.to_dict())
+
+        # Get API tools
+        api_providers = ApiToolManageService.list_api_tools(tenant_model.id)
+        for provider in api_providers:
+            providers.append(provider.to_dict())
+
+        # Get workflow tools
+        workflow_providers = WorkflowToolManageService.list_tenant_workflow_tools(user_model.id, tenant_model.id)
+        for provider in workflow_providers:
+            providers.append(provider.to_dict())
+
+        # Get MCP tools
+        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+            mcp_service = MCPToolManageService(session)
+            mcp_providers = mcp_service.list_providers(tenant_id=tenant_model.id, for_list=True)
+            for provider in mcp_providers:
+                providers.append(provider.to_dict())
+
+        return BaseBackwardsInvocationResponse(data={"providers": providers}).model_dump()

api/controllers/cli_api/plugin/wraps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import ParamSpec, TypeVar
+
+from flask import current_app, request
+from flask_login import user_logged_in
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from core.session.cli_api import CliApiSession, CliApiSessionManager
+from extensions.ext_database import db
+from libs.login import current_user
+from models.account import Tenant
+from models.model import DefaultEndUserSessionID, EndUser
+
+P = ParamSpec("P")
+R = TypeVar("R")
+
+
+class TenantUserPayload(BaseModel):
+    tenant_id: str
+    user_id: str
+
+
+def get_user(tenant_id: str, user_id: str | None) -> EndUser:
+    """
+    Get current user
+
+    NOTE: user_id is not trusted, it could be maliciously set to any value.
+    As a result, it could only be considered as an end user id.
+    """
+    if not user_id:
+        user_id = DefaultEndUserSessionID.DEFAULT_SESSION_ID
+    is_anonymous = user_id == DefaultEndUserSessionID.DEFAULT_SESSION_ID
+    try:
+        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+            user_model = None
+
+            if is_anonymous:
+                user_model = (
+                    session.query(EndUser)
+                    .where(
+                        EndUser.session_id == user_id,
+                        EndUser.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                    )
+                    .first()
+                )
+            else:
+                user_model = (
+                    session.query(EndUser)
+                    .where(
+                        EndUser.id == user_id,
+                        EndUser.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                    )
+                    .first()
+                )
+
+            if not user_model:
+                user_model = EndUser(
+                    tenant_id=tenant_id,
+                    type="service_api",
+                    is_anonymous=is_anonymous,
+                    session_id=user_id,
+                )
+                session.add(user_model)
+                session.commit()
+                session.refresh(user_model)
+
+    except Exception:
+        raise ValueError("user not found")
+
+    return user_model
+
+
+def get_user_tenant(view_func: Callable[P, R]):
+    @wraps(view_func)
+    def decorated_view(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs):
+        session_id = request.headers.get("X-Cli-Api-Session-Id")
+
+        if session_id:
+            session: CliApiSession | None = CliApiSessionManager().get(session_id)
+            if not session:
+                raise ValueError("session not found")
+            user_id = session.user_id
+            tenant_id = session.tenant_id
+        else:
+            payload = TenantUserPayload.model_validate(request.get_json(silent=True) or {})
+            user_id = payload.user_id
+            tenant_id = payload.tenant_id
+
+        if not tenant_id:
+            raise ValueError("tenant_id is required")
+
+        if not user_id:
+            user_id = DefaultEndUserSessionID.DEFAULT_SESSION_ID
+
+        try:
+            tenant_model = (
+                db.session.query(Tenant)
+                .where(
+                    Tenant.id == tenant_id,
+                )
+                .first()
+            )
+        except Exception:
+            raise ValueError("tenant not found")
+
+        if not tenant_model:
+            raise ValueError("tenant not found")
+
+        kwargs["tenant_model"] = tenant_model
+
+        user = get_user(tenant_id, user_id)
+        kwargs["user_model"] = user
+
+        current_app.login_manager._update_request_context_with_user(user)  # type: ignore
+        user_logged_in.send(current_app._get_current_object(), user=current_user)  # type: ignore
+
+        return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    return decorated_view
+
+
+def plugin_data(view: Callable[P, R] | None = None, *, payload_type: type[BaseModel]):
+    def decorator(view_func: Callable[P, R]):
+        def decorated_view(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs):
+            try:
+                data = request.get_json()
+            except Exception:
+                raise ValueError("invalid json")
+
+            try:
+                payload = payload_type.model_validate(data)
+            except Exception as e:
+                raise ValueError(f"invalid payload: {str(e)}")
+
+            kwargs["payload"] = payload
+            return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        return decorated_view
+
+    if view is None:
+        return decorator
+    else:
+        return decorator(view)

api/controllers/cli_api/wraps.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+import hashlib
+import hmac
+import time
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from functools import wraps
+from typing import ParamSpec, TypeVar
+
+from flask import abort, request
+
+from core.session.cli_api import CliApiSessionManager
+
+P = ParamSpec("P")
+R = TypeVar("R")
+
+SIGNATURE_TTL_SECONDS = 300
+
+
+def _verify_signature(session_secret: str, timestamp: str, body: bytes, signature: str) -> bool:
+    expected = hmac.new(
+        session_secret.encode(),
+        f"{timestamp}.".encode() + body,
+        hashlib.sha256,
+    ).hexdigest()
+    return hmac.compare_digest(f"sha256={expected}", signature)
+
+
+def cli_api_only(view: Callable[P, R]):
+    @wraps(view)
+    def decorated(*args: P.args, **kwargs: P.kwargs):
+        session_id = request.headers.get("X-Cli-Api-Session-Id")
+        timestamp = request.headers.get("X-Cli-Api-Timestamp")
+        signature = request.headers.get("X-Cli-Api-Signature")
+
+        if not session_id or not timestamp or not signature:
+            abort(401)
+
+        try:
+            ts = int(timestamp)
+            if abs(time.time() - ts) > SIGNATURE_TTL_SECONDS:
+                abort(401)
+        except ValueError:
+            abort(401)
+
+        session = CliApiSessionManager().get(session_id)
+        if not session:
+            abort(401)
+
+        body = request.get_data()
+        if not _verify_signature(session.secret, timestamp, body, signature):
+            abort(401)
+
+        return view(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    return decorated

api/controllers/common/fields.py

@@ -1,62 +1,59 @@
-from flask_restx import Api, Namespace, fields
+from __future__ import annotations
 
-from libs.helper import AppIconUrlField
+from typing import Any, TypeAlias
 
-parameters__system_parameters = {
-    "image_file_size_limit": fields.Integer,
-    "video_file_size_limit": fields.Integer,
-    "audio_file_size_limit": fields.Integer,
-    "file_size_limit": fields.Integer,
-    "workflow_file_upload_limit": fields.Integer,
-}
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, computed_field
+
+from core.file import helpers as file_helpers
+from models.model import IconType
+
+JSONValue: TypeAlias = str | int | float | bool | None | dict[str, Any] | list[Any]
+JSONObject: TypeAlias = dict[str, Any]
 
 
-def build_system_parameters_model(api_or_ns: Api | Namespace):
-    """Build the system parameters model for the API or Namespace."""
-    return api_or_ns.model("SystemParameters", parameters__system_parameters)
+class SystemParameters(BaseModel):
+    image_file_size_limit: int
+    video_file_size_limit: int
+    audio_file_size_limit: int
+    file_size_limit: int
+    workflow_file_upload_limit: int
 
 
-parameters_fields = {
-    "opening_statement": fields.String,
-    "suggested_questions": fields.Raw,
-    "suggested_questions_after_answer": fields.Raw,
-    "speech_to_text": fields.Raw,
-    "text_to_speech": fields.Raw,
-    "retriever_resource": fields.Raw,
-    "annotation_reply": fields.Raw,
-    "more_like_this": fields.Raw,
-    "user_input_form": fields.Raw,
-    "sensitive_word_avoidance": fields.Raw,
-    "file_upload": fields.Raw,
-    "system_parameters": fields.Nested(parameters__system_parameters),
-}
+class Parameters(BaseModel):
+    opening_statement: str | None = None
+    suggested_questions: list[str]
+    suggested_questions_after_answer: JSONObject
+    speech_to_text: JSONObject
+    text_to_speech: JSONObject
+    retriever_resource: JSONObject
+    annotation_reply: JSONObject
+    more_like_this: JSONObject
+    user_input_form: list[JSONObject]
+    sensitive_word_avoidance: JSONObject
+    file_upload: JSONObject
+    system_parameters: SystemParameters
 
 
-def build_parameters_model(api_or_ns: Api | Namespace):
-    """Build the parameters model for the API or Namespace."""
-    copied_fields = parameters_fields.copy()
-    copied_fields["system_parameters"] = fields.Nested(build_system_parameters_model(api_or_ns))
-    return api_or_ns.model("Parameters", copied_fields)
+class Site(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
 
+    title: str
+    chat_color_theme: str | None = None
+    chat_color_theme_inverted: bool
+    icon_type: str | None = None
+    icon: str | None = None
+    icon_background: str | None = None
+    description: str | None = None
+    copyright: str | None = None
+    privacy_policy: str | None = None
+    custom_disclaimer: str | None = None
+    default_language: str
+    show_workflow_steps: bool
+    use_icon_as_answer_icon: bool
 
-site_fields = {
-    "title": fields.String,
-    "chat_color_theme": fields.String,
-    "chat_color_theme_inverted": fields.Boolean,
-    "icon_type": fields.String,
-    "icon": fields.String,
-    "icon_background": fields.String,
-    "icon_url": AppIconUrlField,
-    "description": fields.String,
-    "copyright": fields.String,
-    "privacy_policy": fields.String,
-    "custom_disclaimer": fields.String,
-    "default_language": fields.String,
-    "show_workflow_steps": fields.Boolean,
-    "use_icon_as_answer_icon": fields.Boolean,
-}
-
-
-def build_site_model(api_or_ns: Api | Namespace):
-    """Build the site model for the API or Namespace."""
-    return api_or_ns.model("Site", site_fields)
+    @computed_field(return_type=str | None)  # type: ignore
+    @property
+    def icon_url(self) -> str | None:
+        if self.icon and self.icon_type == IconType.IMAGE:
+            return file_helpers.get_signed_file_url(self.icon)
+        return None

api/controllers/common/file_response.py

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import os
+from email.message import Message
+from urllib.parse import quote
+
+from flask import Response
+
+HTML_MIME_TYPES = frozenset({"text/html", "application/xhtml+xml"})
+HTML_EXTENSIONS = frozenset({"html", "htm"})
+
+
+def _normalize_mime_type(mime_type: str | None) -> str:
+    if not mime_type:
+        return ""
+    message = Message()
+    message["Content-Type"] = mime_type
+    return message.get_content_type().strip().lower()
+
+
+def _is_html_extension(extension: str | None) -> bool:
+    if not extension:
+        return False
+    return extension.lstrip(".").lower() in HTML_EXTENSIONS
+
+
+def is_html_content(mime_type: str | None, filename: str | None, extension: str | None = None) -> bool:
+    normalized_mime_type = _normalize_mime_type(mime_type)
+    if normalized_mime_type in HTML_MIME_TYPES:
+        return True
+
+    if _is_html_extension(extension):
+        return True
+
+    if filename:
+        return _is_html_extension(os.path.splitext(filename)[1])
+
+    return False
+
+
+def enforce_download_for_html(
+    response: Response,
+    *,
+    mime_type: str | None,
+    filename: str | None,
+    extension: str | None = None,
+) -> bool:
+    if not is_html_content(mime_type, filename, extension):
+        return False
+
+    if filename:
+        encoded_filename = quote(filename)
+        response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = f"attachment; filename*=UTF-8''{encoded_filename}"
+    else:
+        response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment"
+
+    response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream"
+    response.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] = "nosniff"
+    return True

api/controllers/common/schema.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""Helpers for registering Pydantic models with Flask-RESTX namespaces."""
+
+from flask_restx import Namespace
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE_SWAGGER_2_0 = "#/definitions/{model}"
+
+
+def register_schema_model(namespace: Namespace, model: type[BaseModel]) -> None:
+    """Register a single BaseModel with a namespace for Swagger documentation."""
+
+    namespace.schema_model(model.__name__, model.model_json_schema(ref_template=DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE_SWAGGER_2_0))
+
+
+def register_schema_models(namespace: Namespace, *models: type[BaseModel]) -> None:
+    """Register multiple BaseModels with a namespace."""
+
+    for model in models:
+        register_schema_model(namespace, model)
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE_SWAGGER_2_0",
+    "register_schema_model",
+    "register_schema_models",
+]

api/controllers/console/__init__.py

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ from .app import (
     agent,
     annotation,
     app,
+    app_asset,
     audio,
     completion,
     conversation,
@@ -126,6 +127,7 @@ from .workspace import (
     model_providers,
     models,
     plugin,
+    sandbox_providers,
     tool_providers,
     trigger_providers,
     workspace,
@@ -144,6 +146,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "api",
     "apikey",
     "app",
+    "app_asset",
     "audio",
     "billing",
     "bp",
@@ -191,6 +194,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "rag_pipeline_import",
     "rag_pipeline_workflow",
     "recommended_app",
+    "sandbox_providers",
     "saved_message",
     "setup",
     "site",

api/controllers/console/admin.py

@@ -3,21 +3,47 @@ from functools import wraps
 from typing import ParamSpec, TypeVar
 
 from flask import request
-from flask_restx import Resource, fields, reqparse
+from flask_restx import Resource
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator
 from sqlalchemy import select
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from werkzeug.exceptions import NotFound, Unauthorized
 
-P = ParamSpec("P")
-R = TypeVar("R")
 from configs import dify_config
 from constants.languages import supported_language
 from controllers.console import console_ns
 from controllers.console.wraps import only_edition_cloud
+from core.db.session_factory import session_factory
 from extensions.ext_database import db
 from libs.token import extract_access_token
 from models.model import App, InstalledApp, RecommendedApp
 
+P = ParamSpec("P")
+R = TypeVar("R")
+
+DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE_SWAGGER_2_0 = "#/definitions/{model}"
+
+
+class InsertExploreAppPayload(BaseModel):
+    app_id: str = Field(...)
+    desc: str | None = None
+    copyright: str | None = None
+    privacy_policy: str | None = None
+    custom_disclaimer: str | None = None
+    language: str = Field(...)
+    category: str = Field(...)
+    position: int = Field(...)
+
+    @field_validator("language")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_language(cls, value: str) -> str:
+        return supported_language(value)
+
+
+console_ns.schema_model(
+    InsertExploreAppPayload.__name__,
+    InsertExploreAppPayload.model_json_schema(ref_template=DEFAULT_REF_TEMPLATE_SWAGGER_2_0),
+)
+
 
 def admin_required(view: Callable[P, R]):
     @wraps(view)
@@ -40,59 +66,34 @@ def admin_required(view: Callable[P, R]):
 class InsertExploreAppListApi(Resource):
     @console_ns.doc("insert_explore_app")
     @console_ns.doc(description="Insert or update an app in the explore list")
-    @console_ns.expect(
-        console_ns.model(
-            "InsertExploreAppRequest",
-            {
-                "app_id": fields.String(required=True, description="Application ID"),
-                "desc": fields.String(description="App description"),
-                "copyright": fields.String(description="Copyright information"),
-                "privacy_policy": fields.String(description="Privacy policy"),
-                "custom_disclaimer": fields.String(description="Custom disclaimer"),
-                "language": fields.String(required=True, description="Language code"),
-                "category": fields.String(required=True, description="App category"),
-                "position": fields.Integer(required=True, description="Display position"),
-            },
-        )
-    )
+    @console_ns.expect(console_ns.models[InsertExploreAppPayload.__name__])
     @console_ns.response(200, "App updated successfully")
     @console_ns.response(201, "App inserted successfully")
     @console_ns.response(404, "App not found")
     @only_edition_cloud
     @admin_required
     def post(self):
-        parser = (
-            reqparse.RequestParser()
-            .add_argument("app_id", type=str, required=True, nullable=False, location="json")
-            .add_argument("desc", type=str, location="json")
-            .add_argument("copyright", type=str, location="json")
-            .add_argument("privacy_policy", type=str, location="json")
-            .add_argument("custom_disclaimer", type=str, location="json")
-            .add_argument("language", type=supported_language, required=True, nullable=False, location="json")
-            .add_argument("category", type=str, required=True, nullable=False, location="json")
-            .add_argument("position", type=int, required=True, nullable=False, location="json")
-        )
-        args = parser.parse_args()
+        payload = InsertExploreAppPayload.model_validate(console_ns.payload)
 
-        app = db.session.execute(select(App).where(App.id == args["app_id"])).scalar_one_or_none()
+        app = db.session.execute(select(App).where(App.id == payload.app_id)).scalar_one_or_none()
         if not app:
-            raise NotFound(f"App '{args['app_id']}' is not found")
+            raise NotFound(f"App '{payload.app_id}' is not found")
 
         site = app.site
         if not site:
-            desc = args["desc"] or ""
-            copy_right = args["copyright"] or ""
-            privacy_policy = args["privacy_policy"] or ""
-            custom_disclaimer = args["custom_disclaimer"] or ""
+            desc = payload.desc or ""
+            copy_right = payload.copyright or ""
+            privacy_policy = payload.privacy_policy or ""
+            custom_disclaimer = payload.custom_disclaimer or ""
         else:
-            desc = site.description or args["desc"] or ""
-            copy_right = site.copyright or args["copyright"] or ""
-            privacy_policy = site.privacy_policy or args["privacy_policy"] or ""
-            custom_disclaimer = site.custom_disclaimer or args["custom_disclaimer"] or ""
+            desc = site.description or payload.desc or ""
+            copy_right = site.copyright or payload.copyright or ""
+            privacy_policy = site.privacy_policy or payload.privacy_policy or ""
+            custom_disclaimer = site.custom_disclaimer or payload.custom_disclaimer or ""
 
-        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+        with session_factory.create_session() as session:
             recommended_app = session.execute(
-                select(RecommendedApp).where(RecommendedApp.app_id == args["app_id"])
+                select(RecommendedApp).where(RecommendedApp.app_id == payload.app_id)
             ).scalar_one_or_none()
 
             if not recommended_app:
@@ -102,9 +103,9 @@ class InsertExploreAppListApi(Resource):
                     copyright=copy_right,
                     privacy_policy=privacy_policy,
                     custom_disclaimer=custom_disclaimer,
-                    language=args["language"],
-                    category=args["category"],
-                    position=args["position"],
+                    language=payload.language,
+                    category=payload.category,
+                    position=payload.position,
                 )
 
                 db.session.add(recommended_app)
@@ -118,9 +119,9 @@ class InsertExploreAppListApi(Resource):
                 recommended_app.copyright = copy_right
                 recommended_app.privacy_policy = privacy_policy
                 recommended_app.custom_disclaimer = custom_disclaimer
-                recommended_app.language = args["language"]
-                recommended_app.category = args["category"]
-                recommended_app.position = args["position"]
+                recommended_app.language = payload.language
+                recommended_app.category = payload.category
+                recommended_app.position = payload.position
 
                 app.is_public = True
 
@@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ class InsertExploreAppApi(Resource):
     @only_edition_cloud
     @admin_required
     def delete(self, app_id):
-        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+        with session_factory.create_session() as session:
             recommended_app = session.execute(
                 select(RecommendedApp).where(RecommendedApp.app_id == str(app_id))
             ).scalar_one_or_none()
@@ -146,13 +147,13 @@ class InsertExploreAppApi(Resource):
         if not recommended_app:
             return {"result": "success"}, 204
 
-        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+        with session_factory.create_session() as session:
             app = session.execute(select(App).where(App.id == recommended_app.app_id)).scalar_one_or_none()
 
         if app:
             app.is_public = False
 
-        with Session(db.engine) as session:
+        with session_factory.create_session() as session:
             installed_apps = (
                 session.execute(
                     select(InstalledApp).where(